Influenza factsheet schools and special schools 2014
... Influenza or 'flu' is a viral infection that mainly affects the nose, throat and the lungs. There are two main types of flu that cause infection; influenza A and influenza B. Influenza A is usually a more severe infection than influenza B and although influenza B tends to occur most often in childre ...
... Influenza or 'flu' is a viral infection that mainly affects the nose, throat and the lungs. There are two main types of flu that cause infection; influenza A and influenza B. Influenza A is usually a more severe infection than influenza B and although influenza B tends to occur most often in childre ...
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... that infected and killed many hundreds of thousands of humans. Since that time, numerous pathogenic organisms have evolved causing infections that have changed both in terms of host range and severity of disease. The classic example is that of influenza. In 1918 this disease killed some 40 million p ...
... that infected and killed many hundreds of thousands of humans. Since that time, numerous pathogenic organisms have evolved causing infections that have changed both in terms of host range and severity of disease. The classic example is that of influenza. In 1918 this disease killed some 40 million p ...
Infection Control Guidelines for Community Shelters and Group
... basic infection control principles, applied to a different population and setting. More recently, schools and some child care centres have instituted programs addressing their particular infection control requirements. Wherever infection control measures have been introduced, their effectiveness in ...
... basic infection control principles, applied to a different population and setting. More recently, schools and some child care centres have instituted programs addressing their particular infection control requirements. Wherever infection control measures have been introduced, their effectiveness in ...
Canine Influenza - cliniciansbrief.com
... feline populations (Figure).19 •F errets have been infected experimentally via direct inoculation and could spread the virus laterally among one another but were resistant to infection from other species through direct contact.11,18 h No breed or sex predilection exists. h CIV can affect dogs ...
... feline populations (Figure).19 •F errets have been infected experimentally via direct inoculation and could spread the virus laterally among one another but were resistant to infection from other species through direct contact.11,18 h No breed or sex predilection exists. h CIV can affect dogs ...
Immunity of Mice to Intranasal Infection after Intraperitoneal
... 1:10,000 concentration died and pulmonary lesions were more frequent and more extensive in the survivors. Approximately half of the mice immunized with virus diluted to 1:100,000 died and the survivors uniformly showed pulmonary lesions of moderate extent. When given by the intranasal route virus in ...
... 1:10,000 concentration died and pulmonary lesions were more frequent and more extensive in the survivors. Approximately half of the mice immunized with virus diluted to 1:100,000 died and the survivors uniformly showed pulmonary lesions of moderate extent. When given by the intranasal route virus in ...
How to prescribe antibiotics: maybe it’s not as simple as
... However, antibiotics DO NOT CAUSE Clostridium difficile disease www.microbiologynutsandbolts.co.uk they PREDISPOSE to it! ...
... However, antibiotics DO NOT CAUSE Clostridium difficile disease www.microbiologynutsandbolts.co.uk they PREDISPOSE to it! ...
File - Kevin Crawford
... first observed by Eberth in sections of the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes from a patient who died from typhoid. He successfully cultivated this bacterium in 1881 which further lead to the serodiagnosis of typhoid by 1896 (Todar, 2013). Common symptoms include headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, ...
... first observed by Eberth in sections of the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes from a patient who died from typhoid. He successfully cultivated this bacterium in 1881 which further lead to the serodiagnosis of typhoid by 1896 (Todar, 2013). Common symptoms include headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, ...
Principles of Prevention
... sticker, separated from other waste, and disposed of according to OSHA standards. ...
... sticker, separated from other waste, and disposed of according to OSHA standards. ...
feline panleukopenia virus infection in various species from hungary
... PCRs have revealed that the causative agent is an FPV strain. On the other hand these investigations revealed that more wild species are susceptible to FPV infections than known before, hence the causative agent has a host range even wider than it has been suspected. It may also mean that more rigor ...
... PCRs have revealed that the causative agent is an FPV strain. On the other hand these investigations revealed that more wild species are susceptible to FPV infections than known before, hence the causative agent has a host range even wider than it has been suspected. It may also mean that more rigor ...
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease
... susceptible, and there is no seasonal pattern of occurrence. Major outbreaks have occurred in Florida, Denver, and the northeastern States, including New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The virus causes fever, coughing, and a hemorrhagic pneumonia after an incubation period of 2 to 4 days, but ha ...
... susceptible, and there is no seasonal pattern of occurrence. Major outbreaks have occurred in Florida, Denver, and the northeastern States, including New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The virus causes fever, coughing, and a hemorrhagic pneumonia after an incubation period of 2 to 4 days, but ha ...
Equine Viral Arteritis - The Center for Food Security and Public Health
... secretions, as well as in the ovary and oviduct, for a short period after infection. Mares infected late in pregnancy may give birth to infected foals. Stallions shed EAV in semen, and can carry the virus for years. Transmission from stallions can occur by natural service or artificial insemination. ...
... secretions, as well as in the ovary and oviduct, for a short period after infection. Mares infected late in pregnancy may give birth to infected foals. Stallions shed EAV in semen, and can carry the virus for years. Transmission from stallions can occur by natural service or artificial insemination. ...
Intrauterine infections
... growth the disease courses as generalized process with the blood circulation violations, dystrophic and necrotic changes. The infection during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy causes the child’s birth with the disease manifestations. Pathologic changes are caused by the ternary inflammation character. ...
... growth the disease courses as generalized process with the blood circulation violations, dystrophic and necrotic changes. The infection during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy causes the child’s birth with the disease manifestations. Pathologic changes are caused by the ternary inflammation character. ...
the full sized image - ScholarSphere
... mononucleosis, the virus stays with you forever, yet you will not show the symptoms again. This is because the body builds up antibodies after initial infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. Swollen glands heal in about 4 weeks, while tiredness may linger as long as 4 months (PubMed Health, 2015). Ov ...
... mononucleosis, the virus stays with you forever, yet you will not show the symptoms again. This is because the body builds up antibodies after initial infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. Swollen glands heal in about 4 weeks, while tiredness may linger as long as 4 months (PubMed Health, 2015). Ov ...
Lecture 01. Infectious diseases with exanthema syndrome
... Treatment Adequate hydration, bed rest; vitaminized food; Antipyretics for fever control: ...
... Treatment Adequate hydration, bed rest; vitaminized food; Antipyretics for fever control: ...
Infection in Cats - Pet Health Council
... system. Mouth ulcers, diarrhoea and lung infections can be joined by an increased incidence of tumours. ...
... system. Mouth ulcers, diarrhoea and lung infections can be joined by an increased incidence of tumours. ...
Citrus Virus Diseases
... stem pitting does not kill trees reduces vigor, reduces growth, reduces yield and fruit size stem pitting is specific to virus isolate and host some isolates cause stem pitting in grapefruit some isolates cause stem pitting in sweet orange some isolates cause stem pitting in both mandarins are more ...
... stem pitting does not kill trees reduces vigor, reduces growth, reduces yield and fruit size stem pitting is specific to virus isolate and host some isolates cause stem pitting in grapefruit some isolates cause stem pitting in sweet orange some isolates cause stem pitting in both mandarins are more ...
FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV)
... system. Mouth ulcers, diarrhoea and lung infections can be joined by an increased incidence of tumours. Eventual decline and whole body system failures are the common sequel, but some are very chronic and the animals go for months or years into terminal illness. ...
... system. Mouth ulcers, diarrhoea and lung infections can be joined by an increased incidence of tumours. Eventual decline and whole body system failures are the common sequel, but some are very chronic and the animals go for months or years into terminal illness. ...
Full Text
... the virus was around 90%.3,4 Although medical facilities have Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article. * Corresponding author. Dr. Yu-Jiun Chan, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department ...
... the virus was around 90%.3,4 Although medical facilities have Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to the subject matter or materials discussed in this article. * Corresponding author. Dr. Yu-Jiun Chan, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department ...
Too few infants with possible Zika infection being tested: CDC
... whose mothers had lab evidence of recent Zika infection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) officials said Tuesday. "Health care providers have an important role, and we encourage them to ask about possible Zika exposure when caring for both pregnant women and their babies and to follo ...
... whose mothers had lab evidence of recent Zika infection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) officials said Tuesday. "Health care providers have an important role, and we encourage them to ask about possible Zika exposure when caring for both pregnant women and their babies and to follo ...
Vector competence of Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes for
... is provided in Table 1. Regardless of titer, timepoint, or virus strain, no samples from An. gambiae, An. stephensi, or Cx. quinquefasciatus were positive for infectious ZIKV particles. ZIKV incidence and medical complications associated with infection have increased rapidly in the Americas, and the ...
... is provided in Table 1. Regardless of titer, timepoint, or virus strain, no samples from An. gambiae, An. stephensi, or Cx. quinquefasciatus were positive for infectious ZIKV particles. ZIKV incidence and medical complications associated with infection have increased rapidly in the Americas, and the ...
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)
... Which rodents are known to be carriers of hantavirus that cause HPS in humans? In the United States, deer mice, cotton and rice rats (in the Southeast), and the white-footed mouse (in the Northeast), are the only known rodent carriers of hantaviruses causing HPS. How is HPS transmitted? Hantavirus i ...
... Which rodents are known to be carriers of hantavirus that cause HPS in humans? In the United States, deer mice, cotton and rice rats (in the Southeast), and the white-footed mouse (in the Northeast), are the only known rodent carriers of hantaviruses causing HPS. How is HPS transmitted? Hantavirus i ...
Equine Herpes type 1 - European Commission
... • Viral isolates are identified by group-specific tests such as complement fixation • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) • Immunofluorescence • Determination of the serotype is done by plaque reduction or plaque inhibition using known antisera. • Real Time PCR ...
... • Viral isolates are identified by group-specific tests such as complement fixation • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) • Immunofluorescence • Determination of the serotype is done by plaque reduction or plaque inhibition using known antisera. • Real Time PCR ...
Persistent influenza C virus possesses distinct functional properties
... virus is unique among influenza C viruses in its ability to utilize these low amounts of Neu5,9Ac 2 for the agglutination of erythrocytes. Nucleotide sequence analysis (Table 1) revealed a change of two amino acids located close to one another within the predicted receptor-binding pocket of H E F at ...
... virus is unique among influenza C viruses in its ability to utilize these low amounts of Neu5,9Ac 2 for the agglutination of erythrocytes. Nucleotide sequence analysis (Table 1) revealed a change of two amino acids located close to one another within the predicted receptor-binding pocket of H E F at ...
Persistence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)
... with scallops in vivo. Although virus titers measured in scallop tissues decreased, depuration of virus was not complete during the experimental periods. IPNV was still detectable 11 mo after injection. The highest virus titer was found in the hepatopancreas, but virus was also detectable in other t ...
... with scallops in vivo. Although virus titers measured in scallop tissues decreased, depuration of virus was not complete during the experimental periods. IPNV was still detectable 11 mo after injection. The highest virus titer was found in the hepatopancreas, but virus was also detectable in other t ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.