a historical review of the Measles virus, vaccine and outbreaks
... "My suspicion, which is shared by others in my profession, is that the nearly 10,000 SIDS deaths that occur in the United States each year are related to one or more of the vaccines that are routinely given children. The pertussis vaccine is the most likely villain, but it could also be one or more ...
... "My suspicion, which is shared by others in my profession, is that the nearly 10,000 SIDS deaths that occur in the United States each year are related to one or more of the vaccines that are routinely given children. The pertussis vaccine is the most likely villain, but it could also be one or more ...
Evaluation of the Benefits and Risks of Introducing Ebola
... Western Area. With 259 ETC beds available (1,14–16), our model suggests that ETCs would be at capacity in mid-December and the number of cases would rise over the following weeks (Figure 2, panel A). We also considered the possibility that a proposed additional 500 ETC beds (15) would be introduced ...
... Western Area. With 259 ETC beds available (1,14–16), our model suggests that ETCs would be at capacity in mid-December and the number of cases would rise over the following weeks (Figure 2, panel A). We also considered the possibility that a proposed additional 500 ETC beds (15) would be introduced ...
WHat is Hepatitis? - Tan Tock Seng Hospital
... current recommended regime for treatment. It is believed to act by preventing viral replication and boosting the body’s immune system ...
... current recommended regime for treatment. It is believed to act by preventing viral replication and boosting the body’s immune system ...
Chapter 19
... life-forms and chemicals – Nucleic acid in a protein coat – Cannot repoduce or carry out metabolic activity outside of the host cell • The origins of molecular biology lie in early studies of viruses that infect bacteria – Established DNA as genetic material (Ch 16) Copyright © 2008 Pearson Educatio ...
... life-forms and chemicals – Nucleic acid in a protein coat – Cannot repoduce or carry out metabolic activity outside of the host cell • The origins of molecular biology lie in early studies of viruses that infect bacteria – Established DNA as genetic material (Ch 16) Copyright © 2008 Pearson Educatio ...
original article platelet count in seropositive and seronegative
... sensitivity and specificity of approximately 90% and 98%, respectively but only when used five or more days after onset of fever (i.e., in convalescent phase). Different formats such as capture ELISA capture ultra-micro ELISA, dot-ELISA, AuBioDOT IgM capture and dipsticks have been developed. Serum, ...
... sensitivity and specificity of approximately 90% and 98%, respectively but only when used five or more days after onset of fever (i.e., in convalescent phase). Different formats such as capture ELISA capture ultra-micro ELISA, dot-ELISA, AuBioDOT IgM capture and dipsticks have been developed. Serum, ...
VHF Review - Case Western Reserve University
... manifestations of VHF. Factors that may contribute to this subversion of the host immune response include the rapid infection and impairment of dendritic cells, a sudden and enigmatic death of lymphocytes, and the release of a variety of mediators from virus-infected cells that subsequently alter va ...
... manifestations of VHF. Factors that may contribute to this subversion of the host immune response include the rapid infection and impairment of dendritic cells, a sudden and enigmatic death of lymphocytes, and the release of a variety of mediators from virus-infected cells that subsequently alter va ...
Chapter 13 VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS
... manifestations of VHF. Factors that may contribute to this subversion of the host immune response include the rapid infection and impairment of dendritic cells, a sudden and enigmatic death of lymphocytes, and the release of a variety of mediators from virus-infected cells that subsequently alter va ...
... manifestations of VHF. Factors that may contribute to this subversion of the host immune response include the rapid infection and impairment of dendritic cells, a sudden and enigmatic death of lymphocytes, and the release of a variety of mediators from virus-infected cells that subsequently alter va ...
Genotype Analysis of Measles Viruses, 2002
... Anti-Masern-Virus/IgG (Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany) was used for testing of IgM and IgG antibodies in serum or plasma. was taken, added 400 ul sample diluent to dilute to 1:21. ...
... Anti-Masern-Virus/IgG (Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany) was used for testing of IgM and IgG antibodies in serum or plasma. was taken, added 400 ul sample diluent to dilute to 1:21. ...
The Relative Abundance of Deer Mice with Antibody to Sin Nombre
... presence of increased SNV in the environment, and therefore may have increased the risk of human acquisition of SNV infection. Alternatively, it may be that the prevalence of virus in deer mice is not as important as the number of SNV-infected deer mice. If, for example, 2 of 10 (20%) deer mice in a ...
... presence of increased SNV in the environment, and therefore may have increased the risk of human acquisition of SNV infection. Alternatively, it may be that the prevalence of virus in deer mice is not as important as the number of SNV-infected deer mice. If, for example, 2 of 10 (20%) deer mice in a ...
Nosocomial Rotavirus Infection: Epidemiology, Clinical
... hospitalization. All patients had severe vomiting, and 60 percent of patients had high grade fever. All patients had good recovery from the infection. RV infection could be one of the most important nosocomial pathogens, especially during RV season. Pediatricians should be aware of making an early d ...
... hospitalization. All patients had severe vomiting, and 60 percent of patients had high grade fever. All patients had good recovery from the infection. RV infection could be one of the most important nosocomial pathogens, especially during RV season. Pediatricians should be aware of making an early d ...
Appendix 2: Zika Virus Factsheet
... No specific treatment is available for ZIKV infection. Most symptomatic cases are selflimiting, with oral fluids and analgesia given acutely. Aspirin and other non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided until dengue can be ruled out, in order to reduce the risk of haemorrhage. Z ...
... No specific treatment is available for ZIKV infection. Most symptomatic cases are selflimiting, with oral fluids and analgesia given acutely. Aspirin and other non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided until dengue can be ruled out, in order to reduce the risk of haemorrhage. Z ...
Article The Most Common Illness: A Review and Case Study from
... variance calculated from survey responses was small across the population, and students who reported similar behaviors may not have preferentially interacted with one another. In future studies, capturing data more descriptive of pairwise interactions—for example, via construction of a social networ ...
... variance calculated from survey responses was small across the population, and students who reported similar behaviors may not have preferentially interacted with one another. In future studies, capturing data more descriptive of pairwise interactions—for example, via construction of a social networ ...
the foundations of medical and veterinary virology: discoverers and
... The foundation of the medical and veterinary virology/viral disease sciences predates the concept of the specificity of disease causation and is heavily dependent upon initial discoveries about bacteria and bacterial diseases. Upon a broad and venerable foundation, Louis Pasteur established the micr ...
... The foundation of the medical and veterinary virology/viral disease sciences predates the concept of the specificity of disease causation and is heavily dependent upon initial discoveries about bacteria and bacterial diseases. Upon a broad and venerable foundation, Louis Pasteur established the micr ...
Urbanization and Vector-Borne Disease Emergence
... erence for urban areas (Epstein, 2001, Weitzel et al., present. This has caused JE to be considered a rural 2011). Aedes aegypti is another anthropophilic mos- disease (Rosen, 1986, Endy and Nisalak, 2002, Balasequito which breeds in artificial containers and other garam and Chandramohan, 2008), esp ...
... erence for urban areas (Epstein, 2001, Weitzel et al., present. This has caused JE to be considered a rural 2011). Aedes aegypti is another anthropophilic mos- disease (Rosen, 1986, Endy and Nisalak, 2002, Balasequito which breeds in artificial containers and other garam and Chandramohan, 2008), esp ...
The potential role of wild and feral animals as
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoof animals. Outbreaks can be economically devastating in countries free of infection (Ferguson et al., 2001). Estimates of the cost of disease outbreaks (approximated in US$) include $1.6 billion in Taiwan in 1997 (Yang et al., ...
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoof animals. Outbreaks can be economically devastating in countries free of infection (Ferguson et al., 2001). Estimates of the cost of disease outbreaks (approximated in US$) include $1.6 billion in Taiwan in 1997 (Yang et al., ...
Application of the pseudo-plaque assay for detection and titration of
... Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Turkey-Kelkit06 stock viruses were titrated by the focus formation assay following the peroxidase–antiperoxidase method described by Okuna et al. with minor modifications (Okuno et al., 1985a, 1985b). Vero E6 or SW13 cells were seeded into 96-well plates (Corning, USA) ...
... Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Turkey-Kelkit06 stock viruses were titrated by the focus formation assay following the peroxidase–antiperoxidase method described by Okuna et al. with minor modifications (Okuno et al., 1985a, 1985b). Vero E6 or SW13 cells were seeded into 96-well plates (Corning, USA) ...
Myxoma virus in rabbits
... As in Australia, the initial epidemics of myxomatosis in France and Great Britain were highly lethal and rabbit numbers were greatly reduced. As shown above, the Lausanne strain of myxoma virus released in France and subsequently in Great Britain is inherently more virulent than the SLS released in ...
... As in Australia, the initial epidemics of myxomatosis in France and Great Britain were highly lethal and rabbit numbers were greatly reduced. As shown above, the Lausanne strain of myxoma virus released in France and subsequently in Great Britain is inherently more virulent than the SLS released in ...
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease - The Center for Food Security and
... America, where O. cuniculus does not occur in the wild. Outbreaks were reported among domesticated rabbits in the U.S. in 2000 (Iowa), 2001 (Utah, Illinois, New York), 2005 (Indiana), 2008 (Maryland) and 2010 (Minnesota). In some cases, only a single facility or household was affected. The origins o ...
... America, where O. cuniculus does not occur in the wild. Outbreaks were reported among domesticated rabbits in the U.S. in 2000 (Iowa), 2001 (Utah, Illinois, New York), 2005 (Indiana), 2008 (Maryland) and 2010 (Minnesota). In some cases, only a single facility or household was affected. The origins o ...
Transmission routes of African swine fever virus
... than the oral route when using a lower infectious dose, suggesting a more permissive infection route by inhalation than by ingestion (Howey and others 2013). The nasal/oral ID50 was found to be higher (by approximately 10 times) using an ASFV strain of high virulence than strains of reduced virulenc ...
... than the oral route when using a lower infectious dose, suggesting a more permissive infection route by inhalation than by ingestion (Howey and others 2013). The nasal/oral ID50 was found to be higher (by approximately 10 times) using an ASFV strain of high virulence than strains of reduced virulenc ...
Crossing the scale from within-host infection dynamics to between
... Often, however, host symptoms play a central role in efficient transmission. For instance, while one might expect that for HIV, symptoms in the infected person are not required for efficient transmission, there is some evidence that symptoms such as ulcers and other tissue injuries increase infectio ...
... Often, however, host symptoms play a central role in efficient transmission. For instance, while one might expect that for HIV, symptoms in the infected person are not required for efficient transmission, there is some evidence that symptoms such as ulcers and other tissue injuries increase infectio ...
Viral Haemorrhagic Fever updated Aug 2014
... with sufficient integrity to prevent ingress or seepage of bulk liquids or airborne particles, under foreseeable conditions of usage; • The materials from which the PPE is made must resist penetration of relevant liquids/suspensions and aerosols; • The various components (body clothing, footwear, gl ...
... with sufficient integrity to prevent ingress or seepage of bulk liquids or airborne particles, under foreseeable conditions of usage; • The materials from which the PPE is made must resist penetration of relevant liquids/suspensions and aerosols; • The various components (body clothing, footwear, gl ...
The Child with a Rash
... HSP is an IgA mediated vasculitis most common in children. The underlying cause is unknown but it may follow recent infection or vaccinations. When it does occur in older children or adolescents the disease tends to be more severe and associated with more renal complications. ...
... HSP is an IgA mediated vasculitis most common in children. The underlying cause is unknown but it may follow recent infection or vaccinations. When it does occur in older children or adolescents the disease tends to be more severe and associated with more renal complications. ...
duration of virus shedding after trivalent intranasal live attenuated
... The licensure of trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine has raised questions and concerns regarding the use of this vaccine in some populations.7 In particular, the potential for inadvertent secondary transmission of vaccine virus led to an initial advisory in the package insert that individuals ...
... The licensure of trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine has raised questions and concerns regarding the use of this vaccine in some populations.7 In particular, the potential for inadvertent secondary transmission of vaccine virus led to an initial advisory in the package insert that individuals ...
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline
... Vets can quickly perform a test to detect the virus in blood. It is recommended that positive results – particularly those from otherwise healthy cats – are sent for confirmation at an external laboratory, as false positive results can occur. As some cats are able to clear the infection after a few ...
... Vets can quickly perform a test to detect the virus in blood. It is recommended that positive results – particularly those from otherwise healthy cats – are sent for confirmation at an external laboratory, as false positive results can occur. As some cats are able to clear the infection after a few ...
Islam MN, Rashid SMH, Hoque MF, Juli MSB, Khatun M
... necropsy and the lesions of the muscles and bursa of Fabricius were recorded. Only the bursae were collected, preserved at 10% formalin solution and processed for the histopathological study giving emphasis on bursal lesion scores. The pathogenicity of the virus related to vaccination failure was ev ...
... necropsy and the lesions of the muscles and bursa of Fabricius were recorded. Only the bursae were collected, preserved at 10% formalin solution and processed for the histopathological study giving emphasis on bursal lesion scores. The pathogenicity of the virus related to vaccination failure was ev ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.