New insights into hepatitis B and C virus co-infection
... in patients with chronic hepatitis B when they developed acute hepatitis C and, conversely, inhibition of HCV replication has been observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C superinfected with HBV [5,6]. Finally, HBV reactivation was observed in co-infected patients after successful treatment of ...
... in patients with chronic hepatitis B when they developed acute hepatitis C and, conversely, inhibition of HCV replication has been observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C superinfected with HBV [5,6]. Finally, HBV reactivation was observed in co-infected patients after successful treatment of ...
Multiple Contributory Factors to the Age
... process. However, a better idea of epidemic risk, especially when R is very close to 1, can be gained from stochastic modeling, in which the random infection process is explicitly accounted for. This work was initiated while the first zoonotic cases of H3N2v infection were being identified in the Unit ...
... process. However, a better idea of epidemic risk, especially when R is very close to 1, can be gained from stochastic modeling, in which the random infection process is explicitly accounted for. This work was initiated while the first zoonotic cases of H3N2v infection were being identified in the Unit ...
Inhibition of measles virus infection and fusion with peptides
... laboratory-adapted MV strains, as a low passage wild-type strain (Lys-1) in B95a cells was even more sensitive to F455–490 peptide inhibition. In contrast to these results, peptide F148–177 failed to inhibit fusion at concentrations as high as 40 µM (data not shown). In our original studies, the F45 ...
... laboratory-adapted MV strains, as a low passage wild-type strain (Lys-1) in B95a cells was even more sensitive to F455–490 peptide inhibition. In contrast to these results, peptide F148–177 failed to inhibit fusion at concentrations as high as 40 µM (data not shown). In our original studies, the F45 ...
standard operating procedures for cell sorting
... Operations while sorting unfixed human cells 1.0 Purpose: The University of Kansas Medical Center Flow Cytometry CORE Facility (FCCF) has the ability to sort and collect cells depending on which fluorescent dye is attached to the specified cell population. Cell sorting can be performed on both human ...
... Operations while sorting unfixed human cells 1.0 Purpose: The University of Kansas Medical Center Flow Cytometry CORE Facility (FCCF) has the ability to sort and collect cells depending on which fluorescent dye is attached to the specified cell population. Cell sorting can be performed on both human ...
Healthcare workers handbook on Influenza in SA
... Infection due to influenza viruses can give rise to a wide range of clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe illness and death. In the majority of people, influenza is an uncomplicated illness which is characterised by sudden onset of constitutional and respiratory sympt ...
... Infection due to influenza viruses can give rise to a wide range of clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe illness and death. In the majority of people, influenza is an uncomplicated illness which is characterised by sudden onset of constitutional and respiratory sympt ...
Good Home Treatment of Influenza
... Don’t worry about contacting the flu because it will contact you. Almost everyone is vulnerable to a new flu strain. There is nothing unusual about this; influenza pandemics are a regularly occurring event with one happening on average 3 times each century. Humankind is well prepared to suffer these ...
... Don’t worry about contacting the flu because it will contact you. Almost everyone is vulnerable to a new flu strain. There is nothing unusual about this; influenza pandemics are a regularly occurring event with one happening on average 3 times each century. Humankind is well prepared to suffer these ...
Tourism and the Health Effects of Infectious Diseases: Are There
... their spatial mobility havereduced geographic barriers for microbes and heightened the potential for the spreadof infectious diseases that can negatively affect the tourism industry. Between 1950 and 2013, world population grew from 2.5 to more than 6.9 billion.Thepopulation growth favored centers o ...
... their spatial mobility havereduced geographic barriers for microbes and heightened the potential for the spreadof infectious diseases that can negatively affect the tourism industry. Between 1950 and 2013, world population grew from 2.5 to more than 6.9 billion.Thepopulation growth favored centers o ...
equine infectious anaemia
... serology and molecular methods. Infected horses remain viraemic carriers for life and, with very rare exceptions, yield a positive serological test result. Antibody response usually persists and antibody-positive animals, older than 6–8 months, are identified as virus carriers (below 6–8 months of a ...
... serology and molecular methods. Infected horses remain viraemic carriers for life and, with very rare exceptions, yield a positive serological test result. Antibody response usually persists and antibody-positive animals, older than 6–8 months, are identified as virus carriers (below 6–8 months of a ...
Networks of Institutions as a Part of Global Vigilance
... These include Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire, HIV/AIDS in the USA (the virus possibly originated in Africa), E. coli 0157 in USA, Morbillivirus infection in Australia, ･Bovine spongiform encephalopathy which was first identified in Britain in 1986 followed by the emergence of new variant form of ...
... These include Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire, HIV/AIDS in the USA (the virus possibly originated in Africa), E. coli 0157 in USA, Morbillivirus infection in Australia, ･Bovine spongiform encephalopathy which was first identified in Britain in 1986 followed by the emergence of new variant form of ...
Talan Proximity Ukraine Credentials
... unlikely to know how guerilla marketing works and get on pitch lists. ...
... unlikely to know how guerilla marketing works and get on pitch lists. ...
international working group on the standardisation of
... been proposed at the 1st International Standard (IS), showing good stability in accelerated degradation studies and been assigned a potency of 109 IU/ml. A small collaborative study was described to evaluate a replacement for the 1st International Standard for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA (97/746). T ...
... been proposed at the 1st International Standard (IS), showing good stability in accelerated degradation studies and been assigned a potency of 109 IU/ml. A small collaborative study was described to evaluate a replacement for the 1st International Standard for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA (97/746). T ...
Viral haemorrhagic fevers in South Africa
... contact with blood and tissues of ruminants in endemic areas. No vaccines are available. RVF is caused by the mosquito-borne phlebovirus, also belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. The virus is widely distributed in Africa, including SA, but has also been reported from Saudi Arabia (after its introd ...
... contact with blood and tissues of ruminants in endemic areas. No vaccines are available. RVF is caused by the mosquito-borne phlebovirus, also belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. The virus is widely distributed in Africa, including SA, but has also been reported from Saudi Arabia (after its introd ...
Immunization for the Elderly - Sarasota Memorial Health Care System
... malaise, myalgia, and headache) are rare among vaccinated older adults. Immediate, presumably allergic, reactions (eg, hives, angioedema, allergic asthma, and systemic anaphylaxis) rarely occur after influenza vaccination. These reactions probably result from hypersensitivity to residual egg protein ...
... malaise, myalgia, and headache) are rare among vaccinated older adults. Immediate, presumably allergic, reactions (eg, hives, angioedema, allergic asthma, and systemic anaphylaxis) rarely occur after influenza vaccination. These reactions probably result from hypersensitivity to residual egg protein ...
Natural infections of pigs with akabane virus
... virus were able to infect pigs via the oronasal route and that active virus particles were recovered from the oronasal discharge in 2 of 10 the 10 infection pigs (data not shown). This result indicates that high levels of virus particles are not arthropod-dependent for infection. However, transmissi ...
... virus were able to infect pigs via the oronasal route and that active virus particles were recovered from the oronasal discharge in 2 of 10 the 10 infection pigs (data not shown). This result indicates that high levels of virus particles are not arthropod-dependent for infection. However, transmissi ...
Investigation - UNC Center for Public Health Preparedness
... How many suspected cases are there? Among those, how many would meet the WHO suspect case definition for H5N1? What are the signs, symptoms and clinical characteristics? How serious is the condition of the case(s)? What is the date of onset fever and other symptoms? What is the geographic location o ...
... How many suspected cases are there? Among those, how many would meet the WHO suspect case definition for H5N1? What are the signs, symptoms and clinical characteristics? How serious is the condition of the case(s)? What is the date of onset fever and other symptoms? What is the geographic location o ...
Classification Flow Chart (Adapted from UNH Shipment of Biological
... Note: “Unregulated” biological materials refers strictly to IATA and DOT shipping regulations; materials (including blood and blood products) may be subject to other regulations, such as the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard. “Unregulated” biological materials may still require a permit for shipment ...
... Note: “Unregulated” biological materials refers strictly to IATA and DOT shipping regulations; materials (including blood and blood products) may be subject to other regulations, such as the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard. “Unregulated” biological materials may still require a permit for shipment ...
Ontology Based Modeling of Pandemic Simulation Scenarios
... Problem-Requirements: A1 Sociogeographical representation of communities Functional design A spatially explicit model for population representation is used to allow for experiments in full scale with factual and synthetic populations. This design solution supports that different sociogeographical sc ...
... Problem-Requirements: A1 Sociogeographical representation of communities Functional design A spatially explicit model for population representation is used to allow for experiments in full scale with factual and synthetic populations. This design solution supports that different sociogeographical sc ...
Public Health Guidelines on the Prevention and Management of
... Immunosenescence is the impairment in immunity as a result of age-associated changes in function in a variety of cells: it is a phenomenon of decreased function, involving changes to both innate and adaptive immunity and a dysbalance between both. Any identified age-associated changes, if to be cons ...
... Immunosenescence is the impairment in immunity as a result of age-associated changes in function in a variety of cells: it is a phenomenon of decreased function, involving changes to both innate and adaptive immunity and a dysbalance between both. Any identified age-associated changes, if to be cons ...
medically important viruses
... Influenza Virus Disease: Influenza. Influenza A virus is the main cause of world-wide epidemics (pandemics). Characteristics: Enveloped virus with a helical nucleocapsid and segmented, single-stranded RNA of negative polarity. RNA polymerase in virion. The two major antigens are the hemagglutinin an ...
... Influenza Virus Disease: Influenza. Influenza A virus is the main cause of world-wide epidemics (pandemics). Characteristics: Enveloped virus with a helical nucleocapsid and segmented, single-stranded RNA of negative polarity. RNA polymerase in virion. The two major antigens are the hemagglutinin an ...
Wheat Viruses - Purdue Extension
... aphid contracts the virus by feeding on an infected plant, it can transmit the virus for two to three weeks. Symptoms usually appear in wheat two to three weeks after initial infection, but symptoms from fall infections may not appear until the following spring. Typical BYD symptoms include stunted ...
... aphid contracts the virus by feeding on an infected plant, it can transmit the virus for two to three weeks. Symptoms usually appear in wheat two to three weeks after initial infection, but symptoms from fall infections may not appear until the following spring. Typical BYD symptoms include stunted ...
Type A viral hepatitis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and
... a change in the ability of the virus to utilize cell typespecific host cell factors required for translation and replication of the viral genome. HAV strains recovered from humans in different regions of the world demonstrate negligible antigenic diversity, leading to the conclusion that only a sing ...
... a change in the ability of the virus to utilize cell typespecific host cell factors required for translation and replication of the viral genome. HAV strains recovered from humans in different regions of the world demonstrate negligible antigenic diversity, leading to the conclusion that only a sing ...
Dengue Fever (cont.)
... observation) of viruses following treatment may be indicative of disruption to the envelope. ...
... observation) of viruses following treatment may be indicative of disruption to the envelope. ...
Human West Nile virus infection in Bosnia and
... generally too low to infect mosquitoes (2). West Nile virus was first identified in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937 in a woman who presented with a mild febrile illness (3). During the next decades, the virus spread through Africa and Asia. It was first described in Europe in the 1960s when ...
... generally too low to infect mosquitoes (2). West Nile virus was first identified in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937 in a woman who presented with a mild febrile illness (3). During the next decades, the virus spread through Africa and Asia. It was first described in Europe in the 1960s when ...
Molecular Characterization and Detection of Infectious Bronchitis Virus
... This thesis deals with the molecular characterization and detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an important pathogen that causes heavy losses in the poultry populations worldwide. The aim of the research was to better understand the molecular characteristics of the virus and to investigat ...
... This thesis deals with the molecular characterization and detection of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an important pathogen that causes heavy losses in the poultry populations worldwide. The aim of the research was to better understand the molecular characteristics of the virus and to investigat ...
Study of Biologic Attributes of Cuban Dengue 2 Virus after Serial
... 2, and 4 in primary dog kidney (PDK) cells has resulted in selection of attenuated viruses.“” This approach has produced a number of dengue virus strains that have various degrees of reduced virulence for humans compared to the parent virus strains from which they were derived. The nucleotide sequen ...
... 2, and 4 in primary dog kidney (PDK) cells has resulted in selection of attenuated viruses.“” This approach has produced a number of dengue virus strains that have various degrees of reduced virulence for humans compared to the parent virus strains from which they were derived. The nucleotide sequen ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.