International Journal of Livestock Research ISSN 2277
... seen in other emerging diseases. It is reported that 61 per cent of all human pathogens are zoonotic. In India, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, melioidosis, listeriosis, Escherichia coli, dengue fever, chikungunya fever, Japanese encephalitis, Nipah virus disease buffalo pox etc; are some of the exa ...
... seen in other emerging diseases. It is reported that 61 per cent of all human pathogens are zoonotic. In India, anthrax, plague, leptospirosis, melioidosis, listeriosis, Escherichia coli, dengue fever, chikungunya fever, Japanese encephalitis, Nipah virus disease buffalo pox etc; are some of the exa ...
Article Fitness Inference from Short-Read Data
... complete haplotype data (Illingworth et al. 2014), or an underlying situation in which beneficial alleles arise in sequential fashion (Kessinger et al. 2013). Here, we describe a novel method that uses short-read sequence data to begin to characterize the fitness landscape of the within-host evoluti ...
... complete haplotype data (Illingworth et al. 2014), or an underlying situation in which beneficial alleles arise in sequential fashion (Kessinger et al. 2013). Here, we describe a novel method that uses short-read sequence data to begin to characterize the fitness landscape of the within-host evoluti ...
Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus - Global Polio Eradication Initiative
... Switch from trivalent to bivalent OPV. Trivalent OPV contains weakened forms of all three strains of polio, including type 2. Wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated in 1999. The weakened type 2 strain in trivalent OPV is no longer needed to protect children from wild polio, but causes nearly 90% of a ...
... Switch from trivalent to bivalent OPV. Trivalent OPV contains weakened forms of all three strains of polio, including type 2. Wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated in 1999. The weakened type 2 strain in trivalent OPV is no longer needed to protect children from wild polio, but causes nearly 90% of a ...
A Kunjin Replicon Virus-like Particle Vaccine Provides Protection
... healthcare, sanitation, and mortuary workers; laboratory technicians; and contact tracers), who are at significantly higher risk of becoming infected. Other groups at increased risk of exposure include those sharing accommodation with known or suspected EBOV-infected individuals, as well as biomedica ...
... healthcare, sanitation, and mortuary workers; laboratory technicians; and contact tracers), who are at significantly higher risk of becoming infected. Other groups at increased risk of exposure include those sharing accommodation with known or suspected EBOV-infected individuals, as well as biomedica ...
Argentine hemorrhagic fever vaccines
... myalgia and fever through several days, followed by further constitutional, gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular symptoms and signs. Back pain, epigastric pain, headache, retro-orbital pain, photophobia, dizziness, constipation and mild diarrhea may occur. Frequently, vascular phenomena ...
... myalgia and fever through several days, followed by further constitutional, gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular symptoms and signs. Back pain, epigastric pain, headache, retro-orbital pain, photophobia, dizziness, constipation and mild diarrhea may occur. Frequently, vascular phenomena ...
Meningitis
... • Inflammation of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord • Organisms such as bacteria or viruses can infect the layers (meninges) ...
... • Inflammation of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord • Organisms such as bacteria or viruses can infect the layers (meninges) ...
37. Experimental transmission of FMDV in pigs
... the average number of secondary cases per infectious individual during its entire infectious period [3]. This implies that an infection will fade out in a population when R < 1, but can spread on a large scale when R > 1. Besides R also the transmission rate β is an important parameter, because it c ...
... the average number of secondary cases per infectious individual during its entire infectious period [3]. This implies that an infection will fade out in a population when R < 1, but can spread on a large scale when R > 1. Besides R also the transmission rate β is an important parameter, because it c ...
I. Protocol for Approval to use Vaccinia Virus in
... humans: variola virus (causes smallpox in humans only), monkeypox virus and cowpox virus. There are multiple strains of vaccinia virus that have different levels of virulence for humans and animals. “Standard” vaccinia virus was used historically to immunize humans against smallpox, and it is this v ...
... humans: variola virus (causes smallpox in humans only), monkeypox virus and cowpox virus. There are multiple strains of vaccinia virus that have different levels of virulence for humans and animals. “Standard” vaccinia virus was used historically to immunize humans against smallpox, and it is this v ...
IN VITRO
... conversion is characterized by the removal of the 2 outer capsid polypeptides of the virion. The loss of these 2 proteins results in an increase in density from 1,36 g!mC to 1,40 g!mC on CsC I gradients. The BTV, EHDV and AHSV core particles have an associated double-stranded RNA dependent RNA trans ...
... conversion is characterized by the removal of the 2 outer capsid polypeptides of the virion. The loss of these 2 proteins results in an increase in density from 1,36 g!mC to 1,40 g!mC on CsC I gradients. The BTV, EHDV and AHSV core particles have an associated double-stranded RNA dependent RNA trans ...
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
... of Columbia (1,2). In addition, the virus had spread to 41 countries (3), with a total of 4,774 cases reported in countries outside the United States. Because producing a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccine will take several months (4), determining whether receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine mi ...
... of Columbia (1,2). In addition, the virus had spread to 41 countries (3), with a total of 4,774 cases reported in countries outside the United States. Because producing a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccine will take several months (4), determining whether receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine mi ...
What to do if you suspect Parvo virus infection.
... Dog breeders and people showing dogs need to ensure that they do not place the dogs of other breeders and pet owners at risk through transmission of Parvo virus from their dogs or contaminated items. Dogs should also not be sold before vaccine has been given time to take effect and should not be sol ...
... Dog breeders and people showing dogs need to ensure that they do not place the dogs of other breeders and pet owners at risk through transmission of Parvo virus from their dogs or contaminated items. Dogs should also not be sold before vaccine has been given time to take effect and should not be sol ...
Administrative Office St. Joseph`s Hospital Site, L301
... infection/infectivity, to confirm EIA screening or RIBA indeterminate results, to confirm infection in immunocompromised patients that fail to seroconvert, and to confirm infection in a newborn that has passively-acquired maternal HCV antibody. A single negative RNA test should be interpreted with c ...
... infection/infectivity, to confirm EIA screening or RIBA indeterminate results, to confirm infection in immunocompromised patients that fail to seroconvert, and to confirm infection in a newborn that has passively-acquired maternal HCV antibody. A single negative RNA test should be interpreted with c ...
Human rhinovirus capsid dynamics is controlled by canyon flexibility
... families and include polio, hepatitis A, foot-and-mouth disease, and rhinoviruses. Rhinoviruses, of which there are more than 100 serotypes, are major causative agents of the common cold in humans (Rueckert, 1996). Human rhinovirus infections begin with binding of the virion to their receptor on the ...
... families and include polio, hepatitis A, foot-and-mouth disease, and rhinoviruses. Rhinoviruses, of which there are more than 100 serotypes, are major causative agents of the common cold in humans (Rueckert, 1996). Human rhinovirus infections begin with binding of the virion to their receptor on the ...
What do you know about the Zika virus? How could this possibly
... and microcephaly, a neurological disorder that results in babies being born with abnormally small heads. This causes severe developmental issues and sometimes death. Since November, Brazil has seen 4,180 cases of microcephaly in babies born to women who were infected with Zika during their pregnanci ...
... and microcephaly, a neurological disorder that results in babies being born with abnormally small heads. This causes severe developmental issues and sometimes death. Since November, Brazil has seen 4,180 cases of microcephaly in babies born to women who were infected with Zika during their pregnanci ...
An Overview of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chickens Abbreviated t
... reference IBV serotypes, and indicated that Italy 02 is likely to be a new serotype (Dolz et al., ...
... reference IBV serotypes, and indicated that Italy 02 is likely to be a new serotype (Dolz et al., ...
Prevalence of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections due to
... In this study, 180 children (61.7% males and 38.3% females) were studied for detection of RSV. RSV was detected in blood samples of 40 patients (22.2%). In Milani’s study on 365 children, RSV was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate of 70 patients (19.18%) and it is similar to our findings.11 Harish ...
... In this study, 180 children (61.7% males and 38.3% females) were studied for detection of RSV. RSV was detected in blood samples of 40 patients (22.2%). In Milani’s study on 365 children, RSV was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate of 70 patients (19.18%) and it is similar to our findings.11 Harish ...
Canine distemper virus in a crab-eating fox
... are of particular concern as they are phylogenetically similar to common domestic species (Cleaveland et al., 2000). In Germany, a higher prevalence of CDV antibodies was detected in wild canids in urban and suburban areas and no positive samples were detected in animals from rural areas (Frölich e ...
... are of particular concern as they are phylogenetically similar to common domestic species (Cleaveland et al., 2000). In Germany, a higher prevalence of CDV antibodies was detected in wild canids in urban and suburban areas and no positive samples were detected in animals from rural areas (Frölich e ...
Tissue Tropism and Pathobiology of Infectious Laryngotracheitis
... sound was audible from few affected birds. Affected birds showed conjunctivitis, swelling of the infraorbital sinuses and closed eyes. In severe cases, eyelids were adhered with dry, crusty, ocular discharge which stuck to the eyelids and skin around the eye. Some birds coughed up bloody mucus, whic ...
... sound was audible from few affected birds. Affected birds showed conjunctivitis, swelling of the infraorbital sinuses and closed eyes. In severe cases, eyelids were adhered with dry, crusty, ocular discharge which stuck to the eyelids and skin around the eye. Some birds coughed up bloody mucus, whic ...
What Factors Exacerbate Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus
... when combined with other factors (shipping fever in cattle) Factors that exacerbate respiratory coronavirus infections in animals include high exposure doses, respiratory coinfections (viruses, LPS), treatment with corticosteroids Knowledge of SARS pathogenesis (using appropriate animal models) ...
... when combined with other factors (shipping fever in cattle) Factors that exacerbate respiratory coronavirus infections in animals include high exposure doses, respiratory coinfections (viruses, LPS), treatment with corticosteroids Knowledge of SARS pathogenesis (using appropriate animal models) ...
Surface plasmon resonance biosensor for detection - PubAg
... acids from bacteria (Piliarik et al., 2009), protein toxins (Hodnik and Anderluh, 2009; Rasooly, 2001), allergens (Raz et al., 2010), and small molecule toxins (Li et al., 2012; Yakes et al., 2011a, 2011b). However, limited research has been performed using SPR as a diagnostic technique for viruses, ...
... acids from bacteria (Piliarik et al., 2009), protein toxins (Hodnik and Anderluh, 2009; Rasooly, 2001), allergens (Raz et al., 2010), and small molecule toxins (Li et al., 2012; Yakes et al., 2011a, 2011b). However, limited research has been performed using SPR as a diagnostic technique for viruses, ...
Citrus Virus Diseases
... •Host Range and Symptoms symptoms stronger on young leaves ranging from chlorotic flecks, to leaf mottling and chlorotic patterns scaling and flaking of bark on the trunk and limbs of sweet orange and grapefruit and occasionally mandarins -- usually not on other citrus wood becomes impregnated with ...
... •Host Range and Symptoms symptoms stronger on young leaves ranging from chlorotic flecks, to leaf mottling and chlorotic patterns scaling and flaking of bark on the trunk and limbs of sweet orange and grapefruit and occasionally mandarins -- usually not on other citrus wood becomes impregnated with ...
Persistence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)
... ABSTRACT: Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), serotype Nl isolated from scallops Pecten maximus in Norway, was propagated and used in both inoculation and bath challenge experiments with scallops in vivo. Although virus titers measured in scallop tissues decreased, depuration of virus was n ...
... ABSTRACT: Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), serotype Nl isolated from scallops Pecten maximus in Norway, was propagated and used in both inoculation and bath challenge experiments with scallops in vivo. Although virus titers measured in scallop tissues decreased, depuration of virus was n ...
Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Ebola viruses
... chimpanzees were the source of one human case in two recently described outbreaks (Coˆte d’Ivoire in 1994 and Gabon in 1996) [13]. Transmission of EBOV in human population happens by direct contact with infected blood, or other bodily fluids (saliva, sweat, semen, milk), and tissues from dead or liv ...
... chimpanzees were the source of one human case in two recently described outbreaks (Coˆte d’Ivoire in 1994 and Gabon in 1996) [13]. Transmission of EBOV in human population happens by direct contact with infected blood, or other bodily fluids (saliva, sweat, semen, milk), and tissues from dead or liv ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.