FULL TEXT - Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
... Materials and Method. IBDV aerosols mixed with a physical tracer (uranine) were generated in an isolator, and then collected by the bioaerosol samplers. Samplers’ physical and biological efficiencies were derived based on the tracer concentration and the virus/tracer ratio, respectively. Detection l ...
... Materials and Method. IBDV aerosols mixed with a physical tracer (uranine) were generated in an isolator, and then collected by the bioaerosol samplers. Samplers’ physical and biological efficiencies were derived based on the tracer concentration and the virus/tracer ratio, respectively. Detection l ...
WHO Guidelines on viral inactivation and removal procedures
... and II (HTLV I + II) which are strongly cell-associated and are therefore not considered to pose a significant risk in therapeutic proteins derived from human plasma, although they have been transmitted by cellular components in blood transfusions, and HAV, which can be transmitted by purified coagu ...
... and II (HTLV I + II) which are strongly cell-associated and are therefore not considered to pose a significant risk in therapeutic proteins derived from human plasma, although they have been transmitted by cellular components in blood transfusions, and HAV, which can be transmitted by purified coagu ...
Q: What is meningitis? - Cherokee Public Health
... brain and spinal cord. Viral infections are the most common cause of meningitis; bacterial infections are the second most common cause. Other, rarer causes of meningitis include fungi, parasites, and non-infectious causes, including those that are related to drugs. Meningitis caused by viral infecti ...
... brain and spinal cord. Viral infections are the most common cause of meningitis; bacterial infections are the second most common cause. Other, rarer causes of meningitis include fungi, parasites, and non-infectious causes, including those that are related to drugs. Meningitis caused by viral infecti ...
Dengue Fever (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever) (Dengue Shock
... heterologous flavivirus, subsequent antibody testing by ELISA may produce false positive results for a different flavivirus. PRNT can often resolve cross-reactive serum antibodies in this situation and identify the infecting virus. However, high-titered cross-reactive antibody levels produced from m ...
... heterologous flavivirus, subsequent antibody testing by ELISA may produce false positive results for a different flavivirus. PRNT can often resolve cross-reactive serum antibodies in this situation and identify the infecting virus. However, high-titered cross-reactive antibody levels produced from m ...
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD): A review emphasizing on Iran perspective
... genus, a member of the family Flaviviridae, contains a single stranded RNA genome (Liu et al., 2009). In this genus, there are four species: BVDV-1 and 2, border disease virus, and classical swine fever virus (Heinz et al., 2000; Krametter-Froetscher et al., 2007; Yazici et al., 2012). In addition, ...
... genus, a member of the family Flaviviridae, contains a single stranded RNA genome (Liu et al., 2009). In this genus, there are four species: BVDV-1 and 2, border disease virus, and classical swine fever virus (Heinz et al., 2000; Krametter-Froetscher et al., 2007; Yazici et al., 2012). In addition, ...
6 Brief Resume of the intended work 6.1 Need for the study Dengue
... surveillance (ii) clinical management (iii) Research (iv) vaccine trials. 4 This proposed study is an attempt to detect NS1 antigen by Capture ELISA vis-avis rapid immunochromatography test for early detection of dengue virus infection. ...
... surveillance (ii) clinical management (iii) Research (iv) vaccine trials. 4 This proposed study is an attempt to detect NS1 antigen by Capture ELISA vis-avis rapid immunochromatography test for early detection of dengue virus infection. ...
View Course
... Hepatitis is an inflammatory and infectious disease process of the liver that can be caused by viruses, chemicals, drugs, alcohol, inherited diseases or the patient’s own immune system. This inflammation can be acute, flaring up and then resolving within a few weeks to months, or it can become chron ...
... Hepatitis is an inflammatory and infectious disease process of the liver that can be caused by viruses, chemicals, drugs, alcohol, inherited diseases or the patient’s own immune system. This inflammation can be acute, flaring up and then resolving within a few weeks to months, or it can become chron ...
BUA Application Details (BU041135-03)
... conjunction with a helper virus. The host into which I am introducing foreign genetic material is a cell or organism other than E. coli strain K12; S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, B. Subtilis, or B. licheniformis? I will be making more than 10 liters, in one container, of any culture. I am using synthetic ...
... conjunction with a helper virus. The host into which I am introducing foreign genetic material is a cell or organism other than E. coli strain K12; S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, B. Subtilis, or B. licheniformis? I will be making more than 10 liters, in one container, of any culture. I am using synthetic ...
Can noroviruses be zoonotic?
... infections worldwide, hence are a very important genogroup 11. The swine GII strains are distinct from the human strains with less than 86% amino acid identity in their capsid sequences. Howeve ...
... infections worldwide, hence are a very important genogroup 11. The swine GII strains are distinct from the human strains with less than 86% amino acid identity in their capsid sequences. Howeve ...
Real time RT-PCR for SFTS virus
... parasitic infections such as malaria showing similar clinical symptoms[1]. Some researchers reported other case which is concurrent with dengue and malaria because of similar symptoms such as fever in addition, dengue and malaria overlapped endemic regions [2]. Serum specimens of patients presenting ...
... parasitic infections such as malaria showing similar clinical symptoms[1]. Some researchers reported other case which is concurrent with dengue and malaria because of similar symptoms such as fever in addition, dengue and malaria overlapped endemic regions [2]. Serum specimens of patients presenting ...
PDF - Nexus Academic Publishers
... ILTV spread between farms is critical (Johnson et al., 2005). ILT virus can survive outside the host for several weeks and persist longer in cold environment (Jordan and Pattison, 1996) and annually causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide each year (Garba et al., 2012). ...
... ILTV spread between farms is critical (Johnson et al., 2005). ILT virus can survive outside the host for several weeks and persist longer in cold environment (Jordan and Pattison, 1996) and annually causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide each year (Garba et al., 2012). ...
![Securing circulation pharmaceutically [PDF 960.12KB]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/018162345_1-2d404fc78c60c3c081a1b93453ae30f1-300x300.png)
Securing circulation pharmaceutically [PDF 960.12KB]
... 25% of the world’s population (a figure derived from previous pandemics) would affect more than 1.5 billion people and cause enormous social disruption due to a rapid surge in illnesses and deaths. Even in the ‘best case’ scenario of producing only relatively mild symptoms, a pandemic would create s ...
... 25% of the world’s population (a figure derived from previous pandemics) would affect more than 1.5 billion people and cause enormous social disruption due to a rapid surge in illnesses and deaths. Even in the ‘best case’ scenario of producing only relatively mild symptoms, a pandemic would create s ...
Individual Decision Making Can Drive Epidemics
... 1) Knowledge of the Global Epidemiological Situation: We assume that agents base their own knowledge of a global situation on the six alert phases’ description (the postpeak period and the postpandemic period ignored) issued by WHO. 1) In Phase 1, no viruses circulating among animals have been repor ...
... 1) Knowledge of the Global Epidemiological Situation: We assume that agents base their own knowledge of a global situation on the six alert phases’ description (the postpeak period and the postpandemic period ignored) issued by WHO. 1) In Phase 1, no viruses circulating among animals have been repor ...
Zika Virus: Frequently Asked Questions What is Zika virus disease
... daytime biters and they can also bite at night. Mosquitoes become infected when they bite a person already infected with the virus. Infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to other people through bites. Mother-to-baby: It can also be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her baby during preg ...
... daytime biters and they can also bite at night. Mosquitoes become infected when they bite a person already infected with the virus. Infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to other people through bites. Mother-to-baby: It can also be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her baby during preg ...
Dynamics of molecular evolution in RNA virus populations depend
... simultaneously (Desai and Fisher 2007; Park and Krug 2007; Good et al. 2012). Interference dynamics in asexual populations depend on biotic factors such as population size, mutation rate, and the underlying distribution of mutational effects (Desai and Fisher 2007; Schiffels et al. 2011; Good et al. ...
... simultaneously (Desai and Fisher 2007; Park and Krug 2007; Good et al. 2012). Interference dynamics in asexual populations depend on biotic factors such as population size, mutation rate, and the underlying distribution of mutational effects (Desai and Fisher 2007; Schiffels et al. 2011; Good et al. ...
Acute infectious bursal disease in poultry: a review
... Thorsen, 1981; Lasher & Shane, 1994; Yamaguchi et al., 1997). Moreover, although no data on viral shedding have been reported, serological surveys in wild birds ( Wilcox et al., 1983; Gardner et al., 1997; Ogawa et al., 1998b) suggest their possible role as a reservoir. Finally, the possible existen ...
... Thorsen, 1981; Lasher & Shane, 1994; Yamaguchi et al., 1997). Moreover, although no data on viral shedding have been reported, serological surveys in wild birds ( Wilcox et al., 1983; Gardner et al., 1997; Ogawa et al., 1998b) suggest their possible role as a reservoir. Finally, the possible existen ...
A review of the biology of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV
... dyspneae if the larynx becomes occluded with purulent material. Nasal lesions consist of numerous clusters of grayish necrotic foci on the mucous membrane of septa1 mucosa. In the absence of bacterial pneumonia, recovery typically occurs 4-5 days after the onset of clinical symptoms. Abortions can o ...
... dyspneae if the larynx becomes occluded with purulent material. Nasal lesions consist of numerous clusters of grayish necrotic foci on the mucous membrane of septa1 mucosa. In the absence of bacterial pneumonia, recovery typically occurs 4-5 days after the onset of clinical symptoms. Abortions can o ...
Location of neutralizing epitopes on the G protein of bovine
... a number of Australian and Chinese isolates has revealed some antigenic variation at these sites (Cybinski et al., 1992 ; K. Kongsuwan and associates, unpublished). Determining the nature of this variation will be important in understanding the epidemiology of BEFV infection and in the design of bro ...
... a number of Australian and Chinese isolates has revealed some antigenic variation at these sites (Cybinski et al., 1992 ; K. Kongsuwan and associates, unpublished). Determining the nature of this variation will be important in understanding the epidemiology of BEFV infection and in the design of bro ...
Removing Barriers to Global Pandemic Influenza Vaccination
... Diseases of Osaka University; Kitasato Institute; and Denka Seiken Co., Ltd. Only one of these companies, Kaketsuken, is a for-profit venture.2 The companies do not usually work together on projects; this is a special case (personal communication, Hiroyuki Yokote, Regulatory Affairs, and Shuro Goto, ...
... Diseases of Osaka University; Kitasato Institute; and Denka Seiken Co., Ltd. Only one of these companies, Kaketsuken, is a for-profit venture.2 The companies do not usually work together on projects; this is a special case (personal communication, Hiroyuki Yokote, Regulatory Affairs, and Shuro Goto, ...
Epstein-Barr virus-recent advances
... adapted to its human host so that it is one of our most effective parasites. Since its discovery in cultured Burkitt’s lymphoma cells in 1964,1 EBV has been implicated in a wide variety of diseases, both benign and malignant, of either lymphoid or epithelial origin (table 1). Like all herpes viruses ...
... adapted to its human host so that it is one of our most effective parasites. Since its discovery in cultured Burkitt’s lymphoma cells in 1964,1 EBV has been implicated in a wide variety of diseases, both benign and malignant, of either lymphoid or epithelial origin (table 1). Like all herpes viruses ...
replication, transmission, and protection of live
... called latency-associated-transcripts (LATs). LATs usually originate from the right end of the unique long region or the inverted repeat flanking sequences. LATs are non-polyadenylated nuclear RNAs that are transcribed in opposite orientation to the immediate early genes; the LATs of ILTV have not b ...
... called latency-associated-transcripts (LATs). LATs usually originate from the right end of the unique long region or the inverted repeat flanking sequences. LATs are non-polyadenylated nuclear RNAs that are transcribed in opposite orientation to the immediate early genes; the LATs of ILTV have not b ...
Use of RT-PCR for diagnosis of infectious salmon anaemia virus
... and samples for RT-PCR diagnosis of ISAV were taken from all 4 groups after 25 d. RNA extraction. Kidney tissues from the salmon and the trout were homogenised in 1 m1 of TRIZOL (Gibco BRL) reagent (50 to 100 mg of tissue / 1 m1 TRIZOL). The homogenised samples were incubated at 20°C for 15 min (in ...
... and samples for RT-PCR diagnosis of ISAV were taken from all 4 groups after 25 d. RNA extraction. Kidney tissues from the salmon and the trout were homogenised in 1 m1 of TRIZOL (Gibco BRL) reagent (50 to 100 mg of tissue / 1 m1 TRIZOL). The homogenised samples were incubated at 20°C for 15 min (in ...
Ford-WSAVA FELINE
... coronavirus. But that's the easy part...everything about this disease, from pathogenesis to transmissibility, is tough to understand...and the more we learn about it, the tougher it's getting! The first references to the fact that cats infected by this virus developed disease were described as early ...
... coronavirus. But that's the easy part...everything about this disease, from pathogenesis to transmissibility, is tough to understand...and the more we learn about it, the tougher it's getting! The first references to the fact that cats infected by this virus developed disease were described as early ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus
... At present, there are no routine serological and virological assays available for an etiological diagnosis of FIP, or to distinguish a virulent FECVs from virulent FIPVs. Although serology is still used in the diagnosis of FIP, it is of very limited value. A definite diagnosis can only be made on th ...
... At present, there are no routine serological and virological assays available for an etiological diagnosis of FIP, or to distinguish a virulent FECVs from virulent FIPVs. Although serology is still used in the diagnosis of FIP, it is of very limited value. A definite diagnosis can only be made on th ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.