06-zonosis_2
... saliva and feces ). Humans are infected by direct contact with rodents excreta, or eating foods contaminated with these excreta OR through inhalation of tiny particles contaminated with rodents excreta. Person to person transmission occurs by direct contact with infected blood and body fluids OR con ...
... saliva and feces ). Humans are infected by direct contact with rodents excreta, or eating foods contaminated with these excreta OR through inhalation of tiny particles contaminated with rodents excreta. Person to person transmission occurs by direct contact with infected blood and body fluids OR con ...
Microbes_and_Society_files/Chapter six
... Once the electron microscope was invented in the 1940s, the tobacco mosic virus was visualized. How does this timeline compare with that of bacteriology? 100 nm Microbes and Society, Sigler Spring 2014 ...
... Once the electron microscope was invented in the 1940s, the tobacco mosic virus was visualized. How does this timeline compare with that of bacteriology? 100 nm Microbes and Society, Sigler Spring 2014 ...
Public Health 101
... is a World-Wide Epidemic A new bacteria or virus that can infect humans Nearly all people have no immunity to the new organism High mortality rate Easily spread from person to person. ...
... is a World-Wide Epidemic A new bacteria or virus that can infect humans Nearly all people have no immunity to the new organism High mortality rate Easily spread from person to person. ...
Bacteria - SandersBiologyStuff
... Human Uses 5. Human Health: E. coli bacteria living in our intestines use undigested food to produce vitamins K and B12 for us that we cannot make on our own. In return, we provide them with a warm environment. This is a mutualistic symbiotic relationship. ...
... Human Uses 5. Human Health: E. coli bacteria living in our intestines use undigested food to produce vitamins K and B12 for us that we cannot make on our own. In return, we provide them with a warm environment. This is a mutualistic symbiotic relationship. ...
Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Complex
... group on the circoviruses after torques (necklace) and tenuis/teno (thin), thereby preserving the widely used term, TTV, which originally employed the initials of the patient (i.e., T. T.). Phylogenetic analysis showed TTV to represent the prototype virus for a vast group of heterogeneous agents unr ...
... group on the circoviruses after torques (necklace) and tenuis/teno (thin), thereby preserving the widely used term, TTV, which originally employed the initials of the patient (i.e., T. T.). Phylogenetic analysis showed TTV to represent the prototype virus for a vast group of heterogeneous agents unr ...
Viral pathogenesis
... The pig may act as an intermediate host for the generation of human−avian reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential. Observations of humans infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in Hong Kong in 1997 suggest that man himself may act as a 'mixing vessel'. ...
... The pig may act as an intermediate host for the generation of human−avian reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential. Observations of humans infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in Hong Kong in 1997 suggest that man himself may act as a 'mixing vessel'. ...
Isolation of avian influenza H5N1 virus from vaccinated commercial
... Background: Uninterrupted transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 of clade 2.2.1 in Egypt since 2006 resulted in establishment of two main genetic clusters. The 2.2.1/C group where all recent human and majority of backyard origin viruses clustered together, meanwhile the ...
... Background: Uninterrupted transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 of clade 2.2.1 in Egypt since 2006 resulted in establishment of two main genetic clusters. The 2.2.1/C group where all recent human and majority of backyard origin viruses clustered together, meanwhile the ...
Sameer_4
... this may be acute (when infection is brief and selflimiting) or chronic (drawn out, only a few cells ...
... this may be acute (when infection is brief and selflimiting) or chronic (drawn out, only a few cells ...
Name___________________________
... 31. Some bacteria move by using a long, whiplike structure called a(n) ____________________. 32. Bacteria are called ____________________ because their genetic material is not contained in nuclei. 33. Some bacteria are called ____________________ because they break down large chemicals in dead organ ...
... 31. Some bacteria move by using a long, whiplike structure called a(n) ____________________. 32. Bacteria are called ____________________ because their genetic material is not contained in nuclei. 33. Some bacteria are called ____________________ because they break down large chemicals in dead organ ...
PowerPoint overview of National Pandemic Response
... Update | 1:47 p.m. C.D.C. Briefing Dr. Besser's briefing is over, but a good resource is the C.D.C.'s Swine Influenza page on its Web site, which has a lot of information about how to spot the infection, how to avoid getting it, and information on where the 40 confirmed cases in the U.S. have be ...
... Update | 1:47 p.m. C.D.C. Briefing Dr. Besser's briefing is over, but a good resource is the C.D.C.'s Swine Influenza page on its Web site, which has a lot of information about how to spot the infection, how to avoid getting it, and information on where the 40 confirmed cases in the U.S. have be ...
Yearly Plan for MYP 1 Science
... Kingdom Protista contains singlecelled organisms that may free freeliving or parasitic, producers or consumers. The organisms of Kingdom Moneara are commonly known as bacteria and play vital roles in Earth’s ecosystem, as well as cause diseases. Viruses are not classified as living things. They are ...
... Kingdom Protista contains singlecelled organisms that may free freeliving or parasitic, producers or consumers. The organisms of Kingdom Moneara are commonly known as bacteria and play vital roles in Earth’s ecosystem, as well as cause diseases. Viruses are not classified as living things. They are ...
Viruses & Bacteria
... infection by producing antibodies to the virus envelope’s glycoprotein. a) An antibody is a protein secreted by cells in the immune system in response to a foreign substance in the body. b) However, mutations in viruses often change their glycoproteins & make it difficult for the antibodies to recog ...
... infection by producing antibodies to the virus envelope’s glycoprotein. a) An antibody is a protein secreted by cells in the immune system in response to a foreign substance in the body. b) However, mutations in viruses often change their glycoproteins & make it difficult for the antibodies to recog ...
Respiratory Tract Infections
... thermal currents. These smaller particles are those we are most likely to inhale Being close to someone coughing and sneezing is recognised as a risk factor for acquiring the infection from them ...
... thermal currents. These smaller particles are those we are most likely to inhale Being close to someone coughing and sneezing is recognised as a risk factor for acquiring the infection from them ...
Efforts to Increase Influenza Testing in New Mexico
... more severe than the previous three seasons in terms of influenza-like illness (ILI) reports and pneumonia and influenza mortality, and may have been related to a suboptimal match between the 2007- 08 vaccine strain ...
... more severe than the previous three seasons in terms of influenza-like illness (ILI) reports and pneumonia and influenza mortality, and may have been related to a suboptimal match between the 2007- 08 vaccine strain ...
Module 5
... water or recirculating seawater and are allowed to filter-feed. Depuration conditions are closely controlled so the process usually takes two to three days, while relaying can take two or more weeks. Generally, the removal of viruses takes longer than removal of bacteria. So, elimination of bacteria ...
... water or recirculating seawater and are allowed to filter-feed. Depuration conditions are closely controlled so the process usually takes two to three days, while relaying can take two or more weeks. Generally, the removal of viruses takes longer than removal of bacteria. So, elimination of bacteria ...
Human Diseases— Still Emerging, Still Dangerous
... in blood products promoted distribution around the globe. Another example, SARS, is a coronavirus, believed to have hopped species from either the palm civet cat or a species of rat. The studies on its origin are conflicting. But what is notable is that when this outbreak occurred, the “human health ...
... in blood products promoted distribution around the globe. Another example, SARS, is a coronavirus, believed to have hopped species from either the palm civet cat or a species of rat. The studies on its origin are conflicting. But what is notable is that when this outbreak occurred, the “human health ...
Pandemics: emergence, spread and the formulation of control or
... HIV/AIDS • 2.6 million new infections, 1.8 miilion deaths in ...
... HIV/AIDS • 2.6 million new infections, 1.8 miilion deaths in ...
Aalborg Universitet Heiselberg, Per Kvols
... membranes was respectively calculated. The fomite transmission model associated all representative environmental surfaces in the ward with human touching behaviors and predicted the exposure doses caused by touching mucous membranes with contaminated hands. With the Wells-Riley equation, the relativ ...
... membranes was respectively calculated. The fomite transmission model associated all representative environmental surfaces in the ward with human touching behaviors and predicted the exposure doses caused by touching mucous membranes with contaminated hands. With the Wells-Riley equation, the relativ ...
Chapter 21, Lesson 3 – Common Infectious Diseases
... • More serious for infants, elderly, and people with heart and lung diseases • Between 3,000 and 49,000 die each year in the U.S. because of influenza • Some types can be prevented by immunization ...
... • More serious for infants, elderly, and people with heart and lung diseases • Between 3,000 and 49,000 die each year in the U.S. because of influenza • Some types can be prevented by immunization ...
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS FACT SHEET
... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a viral infection which can affect body tissues such as mucous membranes, body organs, and body fluids such as blood, human milk, urine and saliva. The majority of cases are mild, and occur without symptoms. Because CMV is in the herpes virus family, it may remain dormant in ...
... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a viral infection which can affect body tissues such as mucous membranes, body organs, and body fluids such as blood, human milk, urine and saliva. The majority of cases are mild, and occur without symptoms. Because CMV is in the herpes virus family, it may remain dormant in ...
Industrial Food Animal Production and Global Health Risks
... evolution of pathogens. The use of antimicrobial agents in industrial food animal production, particularly at nontherapeutic doses for growth promotion, provides constant pressure on bacterial pathogens to select for resistance (Gaze et al., 2008; Silbergeld et al., 2008). The recent H5N1 situation ...
... evolution of pathogens. The use of antimicrobial agents in industrial food animal production, particularly at nontherapeutic doses for growth promotion, provides constant pressure on bacterial pathogens to select for resistance (Gaze et al., 2008; Silbergeld et al., 2008). The recent H5N1 situation ...
Health Trends of Communicable Diseases
... causes of death in the world in 2011 according to the World Health Organization), and communicable diseases in general are responsible for considerable morbidity in all parts of the world [1]. There is, however, a marked difference in terms of burden of disease, morbidity and mortality between indus ...
... causes of death in the world in 2011 according to the World Health Organization), and communicable diseases in general are responsible for considerable morbidity in all parts of the world [1]. There is, however, a marked difference in terms of burden of disease, morbidity and mortality between indus ...
Risk of zoonotic diseases when working in laboratory research
... tens of millions of people, with each of these pandemics being caused by the appearance of a new strain of the virus Often, these new strains appear when: an existing flu virus spreads to humans from other animal species when an existing human strain picks up new genes from a virus that usually ...
... tens of millions of people, with each of these pandemics being caused by the appearance of a new strain of the virus Often, these new strains appear when: an existing flu virus spreads to humans from other animal species when an existing human strain picks up new genes from a virus that usually ...
12- Mumps (parotitis..
... Pleomorphic, enveloped with helical nucleocapsid. The viral genome is ss-RNA, with negative polarity. The viral envelope is covered with two glycoprotein spikes, ...
... Pleomorphic, enveloped with helical nucleocapsid. The viral genome is ss-RNA, with negative polarity. The viral envelope is covered with two glycoprotein spikes, ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.