Influence of insertion site of the avian influenza virus haemagglutinin
... et al., 2005; Webster et al., 1992). A further classification into low pathogenic (LP), notifiable low pathogenic (NLP) and highly pathogenic (HP) pathotypes is made according to their ability to elicit disease (Alexander, 1997). Outbreaks of HPAIV are caused exclusively by the H5 and H7 subtypes. B ...
... et al., 2005; Webster et al., 1992). A further classification into low pathogenic (LP), notifiable low pathogenic (NLP) and highly pathogenic (HP) pathotypes is made according to their ability to elicit disease (Alexander, 1997). Outbreaks of HPAIV are caused exclusively by the H5 and H7 subtypes. B ...
Autopsies in outbreak situations
... 26th Mexico starts performing PCR for novel H1N1. 27th Schools are closed. ...
... 26th Mexico starts performing PCR for novel H1N1. 27th Schools are closed. ...
Vista™ 3 SQ Intervet Cattle Vaccine Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus
... For the vaccination of healthy cattle, 3 months of age or older, as an aid in the control of disease caused by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus & bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) virus (Types I & II). Duration of immunity has been demonstrated to be at lest 182 days for IBR, and at lest 183 ...
... For the vaccination of healthy cattle, 3 months of age or older, as an aid in the control of disease caused by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus & bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) virus (Types I & II). Duration of immunity has been demonstrated to be at lest 182 days for IBR, and at lest 183 ...
Flu Facts
... vomiting, and diarrhea, also can occur but are more common in children than adults ...
... vomiting, and diarrhea, also can occur but are more common in children than adults ...
Title: Investigation of the ability of the M2 protein to induce cross
... H1N1 subtype comprised of swine genetics (cH1N1). In 1998, a H3N2 virus emerged that consisted of genetics from avian and human influenza lineage in addition to the swine lineage of the original virus. The emergence of this virus has resulted in the continuous evolution to new antigenic types that d ...
... H1N1 subtype comprised of swine genetics (cH1N1). In 1998, a H3N2 virus emerged that consisted of genetics from avian and human influenza lineage in addition to the swine lineage of the original virus. The emergence of this virus has resulted in the continuous evolution to new antigenic types that d ...
BACTERIOPHAGES
... them. In fact, the ability to be infected with a known phage type is used to identify some strains of bacteria (like Staph), known as phage typing . As the virus infects bacterial cells that it has been mixed with, the lytic infection destroys the bacteria. The bacteria have been poured into what is ...
... them. In fact, the ability to be infected with a known phage type is used to identify some strains of bacteria (like Staph), known as phage typing . As the virus infects bacterial cells that it has been mixed with, the lytic infection destroys the bacteria. The bacteria have been poured into what is ...
Any personnel that are at increased risk for influenza complications
... febrile respiratory illness should wear a surgical mask, if tolerated. Small facemasks are available that can be worn by children, but it may be problematic for children to wear them correctly and consistently. Moreover, no facemasks (or respirators) have been cleared by the FDA specifically for use ...
... febrile respiratory illness should wear a surgical mask, if tolerated. Small facemasks are available that can be worn by children, but it may be problematic for children to wear them correctly and consistently. Moreover, no facemasks (or respirators) have been cleared by the FDA specifically for use ...
Systems biology of virus infection in mammalian cells
... The host cell in virus infection: in the past a major focus for some — now for many In the 1960s, Samuel Dales did groundbreaking work when he started to examine cells exposed to mammalian viruses with electron microscopy [1]. He was able to visualize a wide range of different mammalian viruses inte ...
... The host cell in virus infection: in the past a major focus for some — now for many In the 1960s, Samuel Dales did groundbreaking work when he started to examine cells exposed to mammalian viruses with electron microscopy [1]. He was able to visualize a wide range of different mammalian viruses inte ...
Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis A to E:
... Skin - dead cells, therefore cannot support virus replication. Most viruses which infect via the skin require a breach in the physical integrity of this effective barrier, e.g. cuts or abrasions. Many viruses employ vectors, e.g. ticks, mosquitos or vampire bats to breach the barrier. ...
... Skin - dead cells, therefore cannot support virus replication. Most viruses which infect via the skin require a breach in the physical integrity of this effective barrier, e.g. cuts or abrasions. Many viruses employ vectors, e.g. ticks, mosquitos or vampire bats to breach the barrier. ...
Practice Exam 3 - Montgomery College
... 20) Which of the following statements about fungi is false? A) All fungi are unicellular. B) All fungi have eukaryotic cells. C) Fungi are heterotrophic. D) Most fungi are aerobic. E) Few fungi are pathogenic to humans. 21) Which of the following statements is false? A) Fungi produce sexual spores. ...
... 20) Which of the following statements about fungi is false? A) All fungi are unicellular. B) All fungi have eukaryotic cells. C) Fungi are heterotrophic. D) Most fungi are aerobic. E) Few fungi are pathogenic to humans. 21) Which of the following statements is false? A) Fungi produce sexual spores. ...
AEMT Transition - Unit 20 - Infectious Disease
... – Warm flowing water and soap – At least 15 seconds of scrubbing over all the surfaces – Thorough rinsing ...
... – Warm flowing water and soap – At least 15 seconds of scrubbing over all the surfaces – Thorough rinsing ...
Biology 2201 Microbiology
... 17. Identify all types of nucleic acids found in the following groups, eukaryotes (even organelles), prokaryotes, and viruses. Describe the structure, location and function of the nucleic acids in all three groups. Of the nucleic acids you describe, which is most useful for identification? Why? 18. ...
... 17. Identify all types of nucleic acids found in the following groups, eukaryotes (even organelles), prokaryotes, and viruses. Describe the structure, location and function of the nucleic acids in all three groups. Of the nucleic acids you describe, which is most useful for identification? Why? 18. ...
General Information About Mammalian Virus Vectors
... also infect human cells). Containment for vectors with the ability to infect human cells and thus present a reisk for insertional mutagenesis will usually be recommended at biosafety level 2 (BSL2), as per NIH Guidelines (appendix B) ("For agents that are infectious to human cells, e.g., amphotropic ...
... also infect human cells). Containment for vectors with the ability to infect human cells and thus present a reisk for insertional mutagenesis will usually be recommended at biosafety level 2 (BSL2), as per NIH Guidelines (appendix B) ("For agents that are infectious to human cells, e.g., amphotropic ...
Exam 1 Review Questions
... 5. How does population immunity impact the spread of a virus? 6. Be able to discuss the factors involved in disease outbreak and transmission from the class summaries of their assigned readings (see summaries below). Focus particularly on those things that all of the papers have in common, as well a ...
... 5. How does population immunity impact the spread of a virus? 6. Be able to discuss the factors involved in disease outbreak and transmission from the class summaries of their assigned readings (see summaries below). Focus particularly on those things that all of the papers have in common, as well a ...
CHAPTER REVIEW
... 24. Applying Information Tobacco mosaic virus does not infect humans, but humans can transmit TMV from infected plants to healthy plants. What role do humans play in this mode of transmission? 25. Making Real-Life Connections For viral diseases without known cures, such as AIDS, certain types of hep ...
... 24. Applying Information Tobacco mosaic virus does not infect humans, but humans can transmit TMV from infected plants to healthy plants. What role do humans play in this mode of transmission? 25. Making Real-Life Connections For viral diseases without known cures, such as AIDS, certain types of hep ...
Flashback - Max-Planck
... of the same name at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry. A new era was gradually dawning in the life sciences: it was the golden age of molecular biology, and the discipline was producing one astounding finding after another. James Watson and Francis Crick had recently brought their investigati ...
... of the same name at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry. A new era was gradually dawning in the life sciences: it was the golden age of molecular biology, and the discipline was producing one astounding finding after another. James Watson and Francis Crick had recently brought their investigati ...
Why Was the 1918 Influenza So Deadly?
... a virus containing the hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), or polymerase (PB1) gene from the 1918 virus had symptoms that were much more severe than the seasonal flu (Pappas et al., 2008). Mice infected with a virus in which the 1918 HA gene was present succumbed to the infection rapidly, had hi ...
... a virus containing the hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), or polymerase (PB1) gene from the 1918 virus had symptoms that were much more severe than the seasonal flu (Pappas et al., 2008). Mice infected with a virus in which the 1918 HA gene was present succumbed to the infection rapidly, had hi ...
Paramyxovirus by Alice Chow
... Paramyxovirus is an enveloped, negative sense, non-segmented, single stranded RNA with a helical nucleocapsid and a genome of 15 to 18 kb in length. RNA associated proteins are nucleocapsid protein (NP), polymerase phosphoprotein (P), and large protein (L). NP involves in viral transcription, packag ...
... Paramyxovirus is an enveloped, negative sense, non-segmented, single stranded RNA with a helical nucleocapsid and a genome of 15 to 18 kb in length. RNA associated proteins are nucleocapsid protein (NP), polymerase phosphoprotein (P), and large protein (L). NP involves in viral transcription, packag ...
View as PDF - Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc.
... There are currently no vaccines or drugs approved for human use to protect against the Marburg and Ravn viruses. These two filoviruses, which are in the same virus family as Ebola, cause severe and often lethal disease in people. The average case fatality rate of Marburg virus disease since the firs ...
... There are currently no vaccines or drugs approved for human use to protect against the Marburg and Ravn viruses. These two filoviruses, which are in the same virus family as Ebola, cause severe and often lethal disease in people. The average case fatality rate of Marburg virus disease since the firs ...
Chapter 13 – Viruses
... 5. These proteins can stimulate the host’s immune system (act as antigens); immune response might be production of antibodies or activated immune cells. Envelope 1. not present in all viruses 2. combination of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates 3. usually derived from the host cell membrane, with s ...
... 5. These proteins can stimulate the host’s immune system (act as antigens); immune response might be production of antibodies or activated immune cells. Envelope 1. not present in all viruses 2. combination of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates 3. usually derived from the host cell membrane, with s ...
Medical Microbiology
... •Viruses are not living organisms because they do not contain all the enzymes required for their replication and possess the biologic equipment necessary for the production of metabolic energy. •Morphologically, viruses are very small particles and have no basic cell structure. A simplest virus cons ...
... •Viruses are not living organisms because they do not contain all the enzymes required for their replication and possess the biologic equipment necessary for the production of metabolic energy. •Morphologically, viruses are very small particles and have no basic cell structure. A simplest virus cons ...
Zoonotic Diseases - Animals to Humans
... 8. How would Bird Flu affect the agriculture industry in this community? And within the state? And within the country? Student Responses: It could never happen to us (Teacher Response: Even though we have not seen a direct threat, it does not mean that it could not affect us. Some say the world is o ...
... 8. How would Bird Flu affect the agriculture industry in this community? And within the state? And within the country? Student Responses: It could never happen to us (Teacher Response: Even though we have not seen a direct threat, it does not mean that it could not affect us. Some say the world is o ...
IHS-6_Zoonotic Diseases - Animals to
... 8. How would Bird Flu affect the agriculture industry in this community? And within the state? And within the country? Student Responses: It could never happen to us (Teacher Response: Even though we have not seen a direct threat, it does not mean that it could not affect us. Some say the world is o ...
... 8. How would Bird Flu affect the agriculture industry in this community? And within the state? And within the country? Student Responses: It could never happen to us (Teacher Response: Even though we have not seen a direct threat, it does not mean that it could not affect us. Some say the world is o ...
Amanda Thomas
... Non-enveloped There are two forms of Canine Parvovirus one is Canine minute virus and the other is Canine Parvovirus 2 but we will talk mostly about Canine Parvovirus 2. Canine Parvovirus Disease is caused by canine parvovirus 2 first described in 1978 several countries. It has been suggested that v ...
... Non-enveloped There are two forms of Canine Parvovirus one is Canine minute virus and the other is Canine Parvovirus 2 but we will talk mostly about Canine Parvovirus 2. Canine Parvovirus Disease is caused by canine parvovirus 2 first described in 1978 several countries. It has been suggested that v ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.