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Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes

... Many prokaryotes have an extra layer, called a capsule, outside the cell wall. The capsule protects the cell from chemicals and drying out. It also allows the cell to stick to surfaces and to other cells. Because of this, many prokaryotes can form biofilms, like the one shown in Figure below. A biof ...
Chapter 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Chapter 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

... 4. Gram Stain Mechanism – based on differences in structure of cell walls of gram positive and gram negative bacteria o Primary Stain – Crystal Violet – both types accept the CV o Mordant – Iodine – forms crystal complexes with the CV – fixes it to the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall o Decolori ...
2.7 helpful bacteria
2.7 helpful bacteria

... 6. Industry uses bacteria to make many consumer products. Some examples additional to those listed in Table 1 (p. 117 of the Student Text) are: Aspergillus niger (production of citric acid, which is used in soft drinks, candies, inks, engraving materials, and a variety of pharmaceuticals such as ant ...
Domain (Kingdom) Bacteria, Domain (Kingdom
Domain (Kingdom) Bacteria, Domain (Kingdom

... Features of Kingdoms (Domains) Bacteria and Archaea Domain Bacteria (Kingdom Bacteria) – The True Bacteria Human Relevance of the Unpigmented Purple, and Green Sulfur Bacteria Class Cyanobacteriae – The Cyanobacteria (Blue-Green Bacteria) Class Prochlorobacteriae – The Prochlorobacteria Kingdom Arch ...
Evolving together: the biology of symbiosis, part 1
Evolving together: the biology of symbiosis, part 1

... and mutualism, symbioses involve pathogens, commensals, and mutualists interacting in myriad ways over the evolutionary history of the involved “partners.” In this first of 2 parts, some remarkable examples of symbiosis will be explored, from the coral-algal symbiosis and nitrogen fixation to the gr ...
Microorganisms
Microorganisms

... circle. They vary in size from 0.4um to 2.0um and are found in three basic shapes: cocci (spherical); bacilli (rod-shaped); and spirochetes (helical or spiral shaped). 1. For diagnostic purposes we often focus on a bacteria being gram positive or gram negative, and that refers to how they appear in ...
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Gram-Positive Bacteria

... Due to lack of rigidity, mycoplasma has various growth morphologies. In agar, it appears as fried egg shape ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

...  was the first scientist to use the term species  Species is a natural group of similar organsims that interbreed (mating within the same species) in nature. ...


... Cell phones have become a necessity, imposing significant changes in modern society. Cell phones have favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms due to heat emission or harboring dirt and sweat. In this study 166 equipment with traditional keyboard (n = 83) and touch screen (n = 83) were ...
Makeup, it`s an essential part of almost every girls
Makeup, it`s an essential part of almost every girls

... In general, there are three different types of bacteria. Bacteria exist everywhere, including on our skin, the air we breathe, foods such as yogurt, in soil, and inside our bodies, and most, despite popular belief, do not cause us harm. These three main types of bacteria are called Cocci, Bacillus, ...
Lab 7 - Microbial and Fungal Diversity Part 1 – Microbial Ecology
Lab 7 - Microbial and Fungal Diversity Part 1 – Microbial Ecology

... In this lab exercise, you will study organisms commonly called bacteria. In the five-kingdom scheme, bacteria were placed in the kingdom Monera. In the three-domain system, the common bacteria are classified in the domain Bacteria. Bacteria are small, relatively simple, prokaryotic, single-celled or ...
Introduction to DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
Introduction to DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

... • How do genes work? • What are they made of, and how do they determine the characteristics of organisms? • Are genes single molecules, or are they longer structures made up of many molecules? • How did we figure out the answers to these questions? ...
FinalSG2016Fall
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... CH32 Introduction of Animals ...
Helpful and Harmful Microorganisms
Helpful and Harmful Microorganisms

... organisms. Intestinal bacteria also produce some vitamins required by the human body. Certain bacteria helps break down lactose in the digestive tract. Healthy stomach bacteria are releases many useful vitamins such as vitamin B and vitamin K, etc. ...
Bacteria
Bacteria

... – When a bacterium dies, fragments of its DNA may be released intact – If this fragment contacts a competent member, it can be bound to the cell and taken inside (not all bacteria can do this) – After it’s been taken up, part of it is incorporated into the genome (DNA) of the recipient ...
(PHAB2HH1) Module Contact: Dr Sheng Qi, PHA Copyright of the
(PHAB2HH1) Module Contact: Dr Sheng Qi, PHA Copyright of the

... Bacillus anthracis. Include in your diagrams details about what will happen if nutrients run out in the solution. ...
Veterinary Bacteriology
Veterinary Bacteriology

... In most of the laboratory investigations, Grams Staining is the first step to be considered. In this respect, the bacteria can be classified either gram-positive “purple color” or gram- negative “pink color”. In certain cases, there is weak or no reaction with gram staining due to the lack of cell w ...
ANTIMICROBIALS 1
ANTIMICROBIALS 1

... ALLERGIC REACTIONS are common, ranging from rashes to anaphylactic shock. The more severe reactions are usually after an injectable penicillin has been administered. Avoid all penicillins if animal reacts to one of them. Mark clearly in chart! Penicillin is absorbed well from injection sites and th ...
Syllabus Science Microbiology
Syllabus Science Microbiology

... c. Work of Winogradsky and Beijerinck. Discovery of microorganisms as plant pathogens. 2. The Microbial World (10 Hours) a. Distribution of microorganisms in nature. b. Diversity in microbial habitat. Types of microorganisms. c. Introduction to prokaryotic world, eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses a ...
Gram Stain Set Instructions
Gram Stain Set Instructions

... SCIENTIFIC ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... During nutrient depleted conditions, some bacteria (vegetative cell) form into an endospore in order to survive. ...
Chapter 8 Prokaryotes
Chapter 8 Prokaryotes

... In asexual reproduction, all the offspring are exactly the same. This is the biggest drawback of this type of reproduction. Why? Lack of genetic variation increases the risk of extinction. Without variety, there may be no organisms that can survive a major change in the environment. Prokaryotes have ...
Chapter 1  - Bellarmine University
Chapter 1 - Bellarmine University

...  Pasteur’s results not fully reproducible  English physicist John Tyndall finally explained conflicting data • Proved Pasteur correct • Sterilizing broths required different times • Some sterilized in 5 minutes • Others not despite 5 hours! ...
Biology Study Guide
Biology Study Guide

... 12. In the three domain system, Eubacteria are put in this domain. 13. Unlike plants, fungi cannot ___ and so they are heterotrophic. 14. The field of _____ (which studies DNA, how it is passed on and its effects on organisms) helped to develop the kingdoms of life. 15. This kingdom contains members ...
THREE DOMAINS NOTES
THREE DOMAINS NOTES

... 2. organizing the branches according to the order in which they arose evolutionarily based on shared derived characteristics (characteristics that were passed down from their ancestors) C. Phylogenetic Tree/ Cladogram 1. are graphical representations (models) of evolutionary history that can be test ...
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Bacterial taxonomy

Bacterial taxonomy is the taxonomy, i.e. the rank-based classification, of bacteria.In the scientific classification established by Carl von Linné, each species has to be assigned to a genus (binary nomenclature), which in turn is a lower level of a hierarchy of ranks (family, suborder, order, subclass, class, division/phyla, kingdom and domain).In the currently accepted classification of Life, there are three domains (Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea), which, in terms of taxonomy, despite following the same principles have several different conventions between them and between their subdivisions as are studied by different disciplines (Botany, zoology, mycology and microbiology), for example in zoology there are type specimens, whereas in microbiology there are type strains.
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