Coastal Systems - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... other pathogens, which affect the health of both humans and marine organisms, are on the rise, in part because of decreased water quality. Invasions of alien species have already altered marine and coastal ecosystems, threatening ecosystem services. The health of coastal systems and their ability to ...
... other pathogens, which affect the health of both humans and marine organisms, are on the rise, in part because of decreased water quality. Invasions of alien species have already altered marine and coastal ecosystems, threatening ecosystem services. The health of coastal systems and their ability to ...
Chapter 8 Restoration Strategies - Garry Oak Ecosystems Recovery
... urban and suburban growth and agriculture, those that remain are treasured parts of the local landscape. Many local parks and ecological reserves protect fragments of former Garry Oak ecosystems. Most of these have been degraded to the point where restoration is essential if the values (spring flowe ...
... urban and suburban growth and agriculture, those that remain are treasured parts of the local landscape. Many local parks and ecological reserves protect fragments of former Garry Oak ecosystems. Most of these have been degraded to the point where restoration is essential if the values (spring flowe ...
Part 3 Designing and Implementing Ecosystem Connectivity in the
... where people work and live. Communities, linear developments (roads, utility corridors) and other land uses tend to overlap and occur in valley bottoms and in areas near water. Lower elevation areas and sites near water are also vitally important to support ecosystem connectivity. In the absence of ...
... where people work and live. Communities, linear developments (roads, utility corridors) and other land uses tend to overlap and occur in valley bottoms and in areas near water. Lower elevation areas and sites near water are also vitally important to support ecosystem connectivity. In the absence of ...
Garry Oak Ecosystems
... structure enough to reduce the recycling of nutrients within the soil. Energy cycling is driven by the ability of plants to capture energy from sunlight, carbon from the atmosphere, and water from the soil to create sugars which fuel ecosystems. Plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria use these fuels t ...
... structure enough to reduce the recycling of nutrients within the soil. Energy cycling is driven by the ability of plants to capture energy from sunlight, carbon from the atmosphere, and water from the soil to create sugars which fuel ecosystems. Plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria use these fuels t ...
what do we mean by biodiversity?
... highlight the broad character of the concept: they cover at once all of life units and processes (table 1). Nevertheless, these definitions cannot be used in scientific practice, because by attempting to be comprehensive they end describing vague relationships (variability, variety or interrelatedne ...
... highlight the broad character of the concept: they cover at once all of life units and processes (table 1). Nevertheless, these definitions cannot be used in scientific practice, because by attempting to be comprehensive they end describing vague relationships (variability, variety or interrelatedne ...
The Values of Philippine Coastal Resources
... For an archipelagic country like the Philippines, with a coastline of 18,000 km, this statement should be non-debatable. With an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 2,200,000 km2, much of the countrys territory and much of its development potential lie in its coastal and marine waters. Yet the importa ...
... For an archipelagic country like the Philippines, with a coastline of 18,000 km, this statement should be non-debatable. With an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 2,200,000 km2, much of the countrys territory and much of its development potential lie in its coastal and marine waters. Yet the importa ...
Vocabulary Definitions
... predator an organism, usually an animal, that eats other organisms (SRB, IG) prey an organism, usually an animal, that is eaten by another organism (SRB, IG) primary consumer organisms that eat producers; also called first-level consumers (SRB, IG) proboscis a tube-like beak for sucking fluids from ...
... predator an organism, usually an animal, that eats other organisms (SRB, IG) prey an organism, usually an animal, that is eaten by another organism (SRB, IG) primary consumer organisms that eat producers; also called first-level consumers (SRB, IG) proboscis a tube-like beak for sucking fluids from ...
NRDC: Fuzzy Math - Wildlife Services Should Improve Its Economic
... production are measurable, they remain small relative to the total value of production.” The primary focus of much of the economic analysis of predator control has been on financial losses to ranchers. The analyses have not included the benefits that predators provide to ecosystem services and peopl ...
... production are measurable, they remain small relative to the total value of production.” The primary focus of much of the economic analysis of predator control has been on financial losses to ranchers. The analyses have not included the benefits that predators provide to ecosystem services and peopl ...
Mrs. Krausz`s Environmental Science: Chapter 5 Study Guide
... 26. On new islands formed by volcanic activity, you will most likely find ____________________ succession. 27. The first organisms to colonize any newly available area are known as _________________________. 28. When energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, only about __________________ ...
... 26. On new islands formed by volcanic activity, you will most likely find ____________________ succession. 27. The first organisms to colonize any newly available area are known as _________________________. 28. When energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, only about __________________ ...
Awareness material for the mangroves in Egypt
... ecological transitional zone between the terrestrial and marine ecosystems. In Egypt, only small areas are occupied by mangroves. This is a reflection of both natural conditions and human pressures. The presence of mangroves assumes great environmental and ecological significance. The fallen litter, ...
... ecological transitional zone between the terrestrial and marine ecosystems. In Egypt, only small areas are occupied by mangroves. This is a reflection of both natural conditions and human pressures. The presence of mangroves assumes great environmental and ecological significance. The fallen litter, ...
Food web assembly along salt marsh succession
... between studies does exist: Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; Olff and Ritchie 1998; van der Wal 1998; van Wijnen, van der Wal et al. 1999; Kuijper 2004; van der Graaf 2006). The following species are preferred: Brent geese: Puccinellia maritima but also marine plants (Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; van Wijn ...
... between studies does exist: Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; Olff and Ritchie 1998; van der Wal 1998; van Wijnen, van der Wal et al. 1999; Kuijper 2004; van der Graaf 2006). The following species are preferred: Brent geese: Puccinellia maritima but also marine plants (Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; van Wijn ...
Salt marsh hydrology assessment report - BIOEEOS660
... community in turn will lead to marsh growth through peat accretion, hummock formation, evapotranspiration and decomposition induced marsh platform subsidence. Effects of hydrological disturbance on salt marsh ecosystems Human impacts are widespread drivers of change in marshes throughout the world ( ...
... community in turn will lead to marsh growth through peat accretion, hummock formation, evapotranspiration and decomposition induced marsh platform subsidence. Effects of hydrological disturbance on salt marsh ecosystems Human impacts are widespread drivers of change in marshes throughout the world ( ...
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
... SEED BANKS PRESERVE GENETIC LINEAGES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2008/02/28/world/200802 28VAULT_10.html ...
... SEED BANKS PRESERVE GENETIC LINEAGES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2008/02/28/world/200802 28VAULT_10.html ...
Do Inhibitory Interactions Between Detritivores
... organism (Berendse 1979, Gulmon et al. 1983, Hooper 1998). An exception to this occurs when one taxon is both competitively and functionally dominant, in which case the dominant species performs at high enough levels that overall ecosystem function increases despite decreases in performance by the s ...
... organism (Berendse 1979, Gulmon et al. 1983, Hooper 1998). An exception to this occurs when one taxon is both competitively and functionally dominant, in which case the dominant species performs at high enough levels that overall ecosystem function increases despite decreases in performance by the s ...
Consumer Fronts, Global Change, and Runaway Collapse
... by University of Florida - Smathers Library on 11/26/13. For personal use only. ...
... by University of Florida - Smathers Library on 11/26/13. For personal use only. ...
Ecosystem services from Environmental Stewardship that benefit
... ES options with the potential to provide suitable habitat and resources include hedgerow and ditch management (especially enhanced management), floristically enhanced buffer strips, uncropped cultivated margins and conservation headlands, nectar and wild bird seed mixtures, species-rich grassland an ...
... ES options with the potential to provide suitable habitat and resources include hedgerow and ditch management (especially enhanced management), floristically enhanced buffer strips, uncropped cultivated margins and conservation headlands, nectar and wild bird seed mixtures, species-rich grassland an ...
Population and Ecosystem Attribute Trends of Aquatic
... storage in sediments. The relevant SAS output is included in the appendix. The next regression that I ran used Coarse Particulate Organic Matter to Fine Particulate Organic Matter Index as the dependent variable with precipitation as the independent variable. This regression had an equation of: ŷ= - ...
... storage in sediments. The relevant SAS output is included in the appendix. The next regression that I ran used Coarse Particulate Organic Matter to Fine Particulate Organic Matter Index as the dependent variable with precipitation as the independent variable. This regression had an equation of: ŷ= - ...
Fractal Hypothesis of the Pelagic Microbial Ecosystem—Can Simple
... food web organization. Fractal methods have been used to describe a variety of natural phenomena, with studies of habitat structures being an application in ecology. In contrast to mathematical fractals where pattern generating rules are readily known, however, identifying mechanisms that lead to na ...
... food web organization. Fractal methods have been used to describe a variety of natural phenomena, with studies of habitat structures being an application in ecology. In contrast to mathematical fractals where pattern generating rules are readily known, however, identifying mechanisms that lead to na ...
PowerPoint - Wild Nature Institute
... throughout the African continent, but the modern giraffe is confined to just a few populations in subSaharan Africa. In fact, the 8 races are currently being investigated as distinct species. The TarangireManyara Ecosystem is in the stronghold of the most numerous race, the Masai giraffe. ...
... throughout the African continent, but the modern giraffe is confined to just a few populations in subSaharan Africa. In fact, the 8 races are currently being investigated as distinct species. The TarangireManyara Ecosystem is in the stronghold of the most numerous race, the Masai giraffe. ...
Spatial Demography of Giraffe in the Tarangire Tarangire--Manyara Manyara Ecosystem of Tanzania
... throughout the African continent, but the modern giraffe is confined to just a few populations in subSaharan Africa. In fact, the 8 races are currently being investigated as distinct species. The TarangireManyara Ecosystem is in the stronghold of the most numerous race, the Masai giraffe. ...
... throughout the African continent, but the modern giraffe is confined to just a few populations in subSaharan Africa. In fact, the 8 races are currently being investigated as distinct species. The TarangireManyara Ecosystem is in the stronghold of the most numerous race, the Masai giraffe. ...
Top predators, mesopredators and their prey: interference
... Furthermore, the strength of top predator control of mesopredators may increase with ecosystem productivity (Elmhagen & Rushton 2007). We suggest this could result in ‘interference ecosystems’ where interference divides the predators into two functional groups, top predators and mesopredators. A sec ...
... Furthermore, the strength of top predator control of mesopredators may increase with ecosystem productivity (Elmhagen & Rushton 2007). We suggest this could result in ‘interference ecosystems’ where interference divides the predators into two functional groups, top predators and mesopredators. A sec ...
Oyster Reefs at Risk and Recommendations for Conservation
... reef structure. Most declines start with the loss of vertical relief and complexity, often as a result of dredging and trawling, which exacerbates the impact of additional stresses from anoxia, sedimentation, disease, and nonnative species (Lenihan and Peterson 1998, 2004, Lenihan 1999, Lenihan et a ...
... reef structure. Most declines start with the loss of vertical relief and complexity, often as a result of dredging and trawling, which exacerbates the impact of additional stresses from anoxia, sedimentation, disease, and nonnative species (Lenihan and Peterson 1998, 2004, Lenihan 1999, Lenihan et a ...
The Harm They Inflict When Values Conflict: Why Diversity Does not
... intervention would reduce diversity. There are processes in nature that involve suffering at least, and harm, death and misery, at most. The natural processes that affect animals in the wild are often of the latter kind. Most animals that live in the wild die of thirst and starvation. Natural disast ...
... intervention would reduce diversity. There are processes in nature that involve suffering at least, and harm, death and misery, at most. The natural processes that affect animals in the wild are often of the latter kind. Most animals that live in the wild die of thirst and starvation. Natural disast ...
Ecosystem services
Humankind benefits in a multitude of ways from ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are becoming known as ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are regularly involved in the provisioning of clean drinking water and the decomposition of wastes. While scientists and environmentalists have discussed ecosystem services implicitly for decades, the ecosystem services concept itself was popularized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) in the early 2000s. This grouped ecosystem services into four broad categories: provisioning, such as the production of food and water; regulating, such as the control of climate and disease; supporting, such as nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and cultural, such as spiritual and recreational benefits. To help inform decision-makers, many ecosystem services are being assigned economic values.