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best policy guidance for the integration of biodiversity and
best policy guidance for the integration of biodiversity and

... opportunities to provide benefits to biodiversity and ecosystem services through restoration. • Harvest and resource consumption is highly relevant to operations that cause direct exploitation of species but also relates to all operations that use natural water supplies in their operations. Recomme ...
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Ecology - Digital Commons @ Trinity
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Ecosystem services



Humankind benefits in a multitude of ways from ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are becoming known as ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are regularly involved in the provisioning of clean drinking water and the decomposition of wastes. While scientists and environmentalists have discussed ecosystem services implicitly for decades, the ecosystem services concept itself was popularized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) in the early 2000s. This grouped ecosystem services into four broad categories: provisioning, such as the production of food and water; regulating, such as the control of climate and disease; supporting, such as nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and cultural, such as spiritual and recreational benefits. To help inform decision-makers, many ecosystem services are being assigned economic values.
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