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Cell Theory
Cell Theory

Unit C Line Master 15
Unit C Line Master 15

... 9. Only soft drinks with a low solute concentration should be marketed as “thirst quenchers” because they will have a higher concentration of water than the body’s cells and so water molecules will enter the cell by osmosis and reduce dehydration. The drinks with a high solute concentration may incr ...
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GO to: : : http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

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What is a cell?
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... A cell is the basic unit of life, from which larger structures such as tissue and organs are made.  Unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, consist of just a single cell.  Multicellular organisms consists of many cells – humans are made from an estimated 50 trillion cells! ...
Life Science Study Guide 1. All vertebrate animals have backbones
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... 2. cytoplasm—the gel-like fluid inside a cell; made mostly of water; other organelles are embedded in the cytoplasm 3. nucleus—the control center of the cell; it contains DNA—genetic material of an organism 4. vacuole—storage center of the cell (wastes, food, water)  plant cells usually have one or ...
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Mitosis



Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.
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