3. Taxonomy and classification of Algae
... protozoan organism into a food vesicle. Instead of being digested as a source of food, the cyanobacterium lived as an endosymbiont in the protozoan. This event benefited the protozoan because it received some of the photosynthate from the endosymbiotic alga, and it benefited the cyanobacterium becau ...
... protozoan organism into a food vesicle. Instead of being digested as a source of food, the cyanobacterium lived as an endosymbiont in the protozoan. This event benefited the protozoan because it received some of the photosynthate from the endosymbiotic alga, and it benefited the cyanobacterium becau ...
Emerging biological roles of Cl− intracellular channel proteins
... The first CLIC protein was named p64 (now known as atypical long isoform CLIC5B) and was identified more than 25 years ago. It was purified from bovine kidney microsomes as a protein that binds to the putative Cl− channel inhibitor indaloxyacetic acid-94 (IAA94) (Landry et al., 1989), but sequence a ...
... The first CLIC protein was named p64 (now known as atypical long isoform CLIC5B) and was identified more than 25 years ago. It was purified from bovine kidney microsomes as a protein that binds to the putative Cl− channel inhibitor indaloxyacetic acid-94 (IAA94) (Landry et al., 1989), but sequence a ...
PRACTICE QUIZ
... 2. Name the contractile unit of a myofibril. ____________________________________________________ 3. Name the scientific term for the cytoplasm of a muscle cell. _____________________________________ 4. Name the type of muscle tissue characterized as involuntary, single-ovoid nuclei, slow twitch, an ...
... 2. Name the contractile unit of a myofibril. ____________________________________________________ 3. Name the scientific term for the cytoplasm of a muscle cell. _____________________________________ 4. Name the type of muscle tissue characterized as involuntary, single-ovoid nuclei, slow twitch, an ...
Information, Noise and Communication: Thresholds as Controlling
... Living cells use many thousands of chemical reactions and other molecular interactions. There is inevitable noise in such processes since many reactions are probabilistic, requiring two or more molecules to come together in a crowded cytoplasmic environment. Later in this chapter, I will indicate ho ...
... Living cells use many thousands of chemical reactions and other molecular interactions. There is inevitable noise in such processes since many reactions are probabilistic, requiring two or more molecules to come together in a crowded cytoplasmic environment. Later in this chapter, I will indicate ho ...
PDF
... Monoclonal antibodies were raised to detergent-extracted cytoskeleton preparations of mouse oocytes. In immunofluorescence microscopy, one oi: the antibodies, OCS-1, localizes exclusively to epithelial cells in frozen tissue sections, including various simple and stratified epithelia. The antibody d ...
... Monoclonal antibodies were raised to detergent-extracted cytoskeleton preparations of mouse oocytes. In immunofluorescence microscopy, one oi: the antibodies, OCS-1, localizes exclusively to epithelial cells in frozen tissue sections, including various simple and stratified epithelia. The antibody d ...
Regulation of human embryonic stem cell differentiation by BMP
... morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily implicated by gene ablation studies in several critical processes in early mouse development (Ying and Zhao, 2001b; Zhang and Bradley, 1996). Studies of mouse ES cell differentiation in vitro adduced evide ...
... morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily implicated by gene ablation studies in several critical processes in early mouse development (Ying and Zhao, 2001b; Zhang and Bradley, 1996). Studies of mouse ES cell differentiation in vitro adduced evide ...
Chapter 31
... a. Septate hyphae - Most fungi have hyphae divided into cells by septa (crosswalls) with large pores for sharing material b. Coencytic hyphae – continuous cytoplasm with many, many nuclei due to repeated mitosis without cytokinesis similar to slime molds. ...
... a. Septate hyphae - Most fungi have hyphae divided into cells by septa (crosswalls) with large pores for sharing material b. Coencytic hyphae – continuous cytoplasm with many, many nuclei due to repeated mitosis without cytokinesis similar to slime molds. ...
Section 16.1 What Is Cancer?
... G1/S checkpoints monitor cell size and determine whether DNA has been damaged. G2/M is where physiological conditions are checked (once G1/S are passed) prior to mitosis. M: The formation of the spindle-fiber system and the attachment of spindle fibers to the kinetochores associated with the c ...
... G1/S checkpoints monitor cell size and determine whether DNA has been damaged. G2/M is where physiological conditions are checked (once G1/S are passed) prior to mitosis. M: The formation of the spindle-fiber system and the attachment of spindle fibers to the kinetochores associated with the c ...
Macromolecular biophysics of the plant cell wall: Concepts and
... walls depend on fine details of their macromolecular structure and conformation, and on their highly ordered architecture at scales from a few nanometers (i.e. just above the molecular scale) to several microns. Much of this fine detail is lost when cell-wall polymers are extracted into solution, as ...
... walls depend on fine details of their macromolecular structure and conformation, and on their highly ordered architecture at scales from a few nanometers (i.e. just above the molecular scale) to several microns. Much of this fine detail is lost when cell-wall polymers are extracted into solution, as ...
Diffusion and Membranes
... The hydrophobic head tends to dissolve in water and the hydrophobic tails are repelled and force inward forming a PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER ...
... The hydrophobic head tends to dissolve in water and the hydrophobic tails are repelled and force inward forming a PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER ...
as a PDF
... continuous IC cultures, which are in exponential or early stationary growth phase, exhibited both a high viability and metabolic activity compared with starving cells produced by conventional batch cultures. The IC technology can be used to continuously and stably produce mixed-strain starters, eve ...
... continuous IC cultures, which are in exponential or early stationary growth phase, exhibited both a high viability and metabolic activity compared with starving cells produced by conventional batch cultures. The IC technology can be used to continuously and stably produce mixed-strain starters, eve ...
programmed cell death in plant
... and abundance of the transcript or protein is either faster or higher, respectively, when resistance occurs. The same phenomenon has been observed for the production of plant antibiotics (phytoalexins). For example, in Arabidopsis plants undergoing a resistance response, phytoalexins accumulate to a ...
... and abundance of the transcript or protein is either faster or higher, respectively, when resistance occurs. The same phenomenon has been observed for the production of plant antibiotics (phytoalexins). For example, in Arabidopsis plants undergoing a resistance response, phytoalexins accumulate to a ...
Human embryonic stem cells express a unique set
... cloned miRNAs are specifically expressed in hES cells and downregulated during development into embryoid bodies (EBs), while miRNAs previously reported from other human cell types are poorly expressed in hES cells. We further show that some of the ES-specific miRNA genes are highly related to each o ...
... cloned miRNAs are specifically expressed in hES cells and downregulated during development into embryoid bodies (EBs), while miRNAs previously reported from other human cell types are poorly expressed in hES cells. We further show that some of the ES-specific miRNA genes are highly related to each o ...
Primordial germ cell migration - The International Journal of
... 3). PGC motility appears random with respect to the body axes at this stage. PGCs circle the gut and/or move downregulated and PGCs have scattowards the anterior or posterior. (D) Betweeen E9.0 and E9.5, PGCs emerge from the dorsal side of the tered and moved into the endoderm hindgut and migrate to ...
... 3). PGC motility appears random with respect to the body axes at this stage. PGCs circle the gut and/or move downregulated and PGCs have scattowards the anterior or posterior. (D) Betweeen E9.0 and E9.5, PGCs emerge from the dorsal side of the tered and moved into the endoderm hindgut and migrate to ...
II. EFFECTS OF ANTI-Ia SERA ON MITOGENIC RESPONSES
... It was previously reported t h a t pretreatment of splenic lymphoid cells with anti-Ia serum without complement inhibited the in vitro humoral response to heterologous erythrocytes and the proliferative response to LPS (15, 16). Similar pretreatment of spleen cells with anti-Ia serum without complem ...
... It was previously reported t h a t pretreatment of splenic lymphoid cells with anti-Ia serum without complement inhibited the in vitro humoral response to heterologous erythrocytes and the proliferative response to LPS (15, 16). Similar pretreatment of spleen cells with anti-Ia serum without complem ...
PowerPoint (MS PowerPoint , 1394kb)
... indication: regeneration of damaged spinal cord nerves after spine injury. Originally derived from research-grade cell lines difficulties to engineer them as clinical grade cell line Patient “recruitment”: very difficult (young, trauma patients, must give consent quicky after accident, … need ...
... indication: regeneration of damaged spinal cord nerves after spine injury. Originally derived from research-grade cell lines difficulties to engineer them as clinical grade cell line Patient “recruitment”: very difficult (young, trauma patients, must give consent quicky after accident, … need ...
BioVision
... Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in sterile ddH2O to a concentration≥ 100 µg/ml. This solution can then be diluted into other aqueous buffers. STORAGE CONDITIONS: The lyophilized protein is best-stored desiccated at -20°C. Reconstituted mouse LIF should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 day ...
... Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in sterile ddH2O to a concentration≥ 100 µg/ml. This solution can then be diluted into other aqueous buffers. STORAGE CONDITIONS: The lyophilized protein is best-stored desiccated at -20°C. Reconstituted mouse LIF should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 day ...
Acupuncture Reverses High Cholesterol Cell Fat
... of high cholesterol thereby preventing atherosclerotic plaques and heart disease. New laboratory research confirms that needling a specific acupuncture point located on the lower leg prevents and reverses the formation of foam cells. This type of cell forms at the site of fatty streaks and is the be ...
... of high cholesterol thereby preventing atherosclerotic plaques and heart disease. New laboratory research confirms that needling a specific acupuncture point located on the lower leg prevents and reverses the formation of foam cells. This type of cell forms at the site of fatty streaks and is the be ...
IV. Principles of Serological Testing in Immunohematology
... The crossmatch procedure also requires the IAT, patient serum is incubated with donor cells, washed and tested with AHG serum. Agglutination indicates that the unit cannot be given to the patient (it is incompatible). ...
... The crossmatch procedure also requires the IAT, patient serum is incubated with donor cells, washed and tested with AHG serum. Agglutination indicates that the unit cannot be given to the patient (it is incompatible). ...
Chemotaxis
... By integrating over time it solves both problems Berg (1988) • if memory is 1 min and bacterium is moving at 30 m sec-1, concentration comparison is being made over ~2 mm, or 1000-bodylengths – lessens accuracy needed to 1 in 10 • memory is actually only ~1-10 sec • Why not have longer memory? - inf ...
... By integrating over time it solves both problems Berg (1988) • if memory is 1 min and bacterium is moving at 30 m sec-1, concentration comparison is being made over ~2 mm, or 1000-bodylengths – lessens accuracy needed to 1 in 10 • memory is actually only ~1-10 sec • Why not have longer memory? - inf ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.