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A Year in Review: Top New Drugs for 2010
A Year in Review: Top New Drugs for 2010

... 2. Risk of major bleeding was significantly less. 3. Risk of hemorrhagic stroke was less. 4. All cause mortality was reduced. ...
INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

... • Drugs extensively metabolize by the liver ...
Allele Frequencies
Allele Frequencies

... • Allele frequencies in a group of migrating individuals differ from their population origin – Ex. Germans Amish community possessed allele for polydactylism – 200 years of reproductive isolation = over 8,000 in population had polydactylism (exceeding number of cases around the world) ...
The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto
The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto

... (DMARD) therapy in consultation with the British Association of Dermatologists. Rheumatology 2008;47:924-5. ...
Drugs and pain control
Drugs and pain control

... receptor sites (mu receptors and N-methyl-Daspartate receptors) in the peripheral nervous system and the CNS. When these drugs stimulate the opiate receptors, they mimic the effects of endorphins (naturally occurring opiates that are part of the body’s own pain relief system). This receptor-site bin ...
Pharmacy Support at GBMC
Pharmacy Support at GBMC

... • Medication is considered on time if administered within one hour of the standard dose time (before or after) • Subsequent doses will be administered at evenly spaced intervals so that the medication is on the standard administration time schedule at the end of the first 24-hour period ...
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines

... The resulting increase the influx of inhibitory Chlorine ions into the nerve cells reduces the excitability of the nerve cells. The Chloride ions entering the cell making the resting membrane potential more negative. This makes it even more difficult to fire an action potential so reducing: polysyna ...
NEW Psychoactive DRUGS www.mycrew.org.uk
NEW Psychoactive DRUGS www.mycrew.org.uk

... to bypass drug laws either by modifying the molecular structures of existing drugs or by developing new drugs with similar effects to illegal ones. These products are not covered by existing legislation and vendors are able to avoid existing laws by labelling these drugs with terms such as ‘not for ...
DRUG PRESCRIBING PATTERN FOR MAJOR DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS IN
DRUG PRESCRIBING PATTERN FOR MAJOR DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS PATIENTS IN

... age group of 60-64 years. Depressive disorders are most commonly being observed in urban than in rural population .Our findings are consistent with these observations but we report higher percentage of occurrence of depressive disorders in males in geriatric group unlike some other reports [12,13]. ...
The ideal sedative agent
The ideal sedative agent

... The resulting increase the influx of inhibitory Chlorine ions into the nerve cells reduces the excitability of the nerve cells. The Chloride ions entering the cell making the resting membrane potential more negative. This makes it even more difficult to fire an action potential so reducing: polysyna ...
PowerPoint プレゼンテーション
PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

... Fujiwara Y. J Clin Oncol 17:3362-3365, 1999 ...
Rapid Heme Panel - Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Rapid Heme Panel - Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

... • Rapidly detect genes with important prognostic implications that are useful in treatment planning, such as deciding between consolidation chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation; • Identify patients who may be eligible for clinical trials, including early-phase trials of new targeted therapie ...
The Clinical Management of Patients with
The Clinical Management of Patients with

... have been encouraging but the expense and the fact that the third parties are reluctant to finance this sort of approach makes it impractical at present. While CFS and fibromyalgia are in many ways similar and in some cases fibromyalgia does respond to measures we have described above, fibromyalgia ...
Outpatient prescriptions practice and writing quality in a paediatric
Outpatient prescriptions practice and writing quality in a paediatric

... the patients were as follows: surname, first name, date of birth or age, gender, weight, and patient’s label. The last three criteria were optional. The formal criteria regarding the drug prescriptions were as follows: drug name, pharmaceutical form, strength or concentration, dose, frequency of adm ...
The Clinical Management of Patients with
The Clinical Management of Patients with

... have been encouraging but the expense and the fact that the third parties are reluctant to finance this sort of approach makes it impractical at present. While CFS and fibromyalgia are in many ways similar and in some cases fibromyalgia does respond to measures we have described above, fibromyalgia ...
Selection and Speciation
Selection and Speciation

... • Founder Effect - If a population began with a few individuals, one or more of whom carried a particular allele, that allele may come to be represented in many of the descendants. ...
statgen4
statgen4

...  Several measures of heterozygosity exist. The value of these measures will range from zero (no heterozygosity) to nearly 1.0 (for a system with a large number of equally frequent alleles). We will focus primarily on expected heterozygosity (HE, or gene diversity, D). The simplest way to calculate ...
NYS Poison Center Newsletter Case Report
NYS Poison Center Newsletter Case Report

... This patient appears to be having a severe adverse cutaneous drug reaction that included abnormalities of bone marrow, liver and renal function. Together these form the basis for the DRESS syndrome, an acronym for “drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms.” DRESS syndrome is commonly accept ...
Microevolution
Microevolution

... Mutations occur at random without regard to whether they have a beneficial, neutral or harmful effect. For this reason, mutations are a randomly acting evolutionary force. ...
Drug Interactions with St. John`s Wort
Drug Interactions with St. John`s Wort

... drug that is metabolized by CYP3A4, CYP2C9, or CYP2C19, or transported by P-gp when it is coadministered with SJW. Patients taking any drug that has a narrow therapeutic range and may be susceptible to SJW-induced metabolic induction should be monitored for loss of drug effect during SJW coadministr ...
Presentation
Presentation

... Eshelman Distinguished Professor and Director Institute for Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy (IPIT) University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, NC ...
Single-Gene and Polygenic Traits
Single-Gene and Polygenic Traits

... Fertilization is the process in which reproductive cells (egg from the female and sperm from the male) join to produce a new cell. A trait is a specific characteristic, such as (in peas) seed color or plant height. Mendel prevented self-pollination in the peas. He controlled fertilization so he coul ...
Case 3 continued
Case 3 continued

... in Patients with Kidney Impairment? • 2nd generation sulfonylureas (hypoglycemic agents) – Glyburide (Diaeta, Micronase) – Glipizide (Glucotrol) ...
CVS 5
CVS 5

... Platelet adhesion to site of vascular injury  Activation of platelets by factors that include TxA2, ADP, serotonin, collagen & thrombin  Increase expression of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa ...
Poisoning from Illicit Human Drugs: Depressants
Poisoning from Illicit Human Drugs: Depressants

... Treatment Options Animals exhibiting signs must be monitored and protected from injury (such as falling downstairs or off furniture). Your veterinarian may recommend induction of vomiting if the exposure was recent and a large amount of drug was ingested. Activated charcoal may be administered to bi ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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