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... mal neurotransmitter activity is now thought likely to be responsible for fibromyalgia syndrome, which pres­ ents with diffuse, generalized, or multifocal pain (Mease, 2005). Persistent arousal of a localized region of the sym­ pathetic nervous system may contribute to a complex regional pain syndro ...
Product Monograph
Product Monograph

... Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and triglycerides (TG) levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (Type IIa)† or combined (mixed) hyperlipidemia (Type IIb)† when the response to diet and other nonpharmacological measures alone has been inadequate. ZOCOR® (5-80 mg ...
zenhale
zenhale

... Particular care is needed for patients who are transferred from systemically active corticosteroids to ZENHALE®, because deaths due to adrenal insufficiency have occurred in asthmatic patients during and after transfer from systemic corticosteroids to less systemically available inhaled corticostero ...
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

... important to note that most heritability estimates of personality traits are “additive,” that is the contributions of many genes of small effect “add up” in their influence on phenotypic variation. Certainly it is possible that more complex nonadditive genetic effects (such as the interaction of mea ...
consumer medicine information
consumer medicine information

... amiodarone), antipsychotics (e.g. risperidone, haloperidol), antidepressants (e.g. citalopram) and fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin) (see section 4.4). ...
Central Nervous System Side Effects of First- and Second
Central Nervous System Side Effects of First- and Second

... control in our study was not to draw direct comparisons with cetirizine but to ensure sensitivity.6 Chlorpheniramine 4 mg has been shown to increase P300 latency compared with baseline in children.24 The sensitivity of this study was increased by using this dose, which is the minimal recommended dos ...
proposed rule
proposed rule

... information is based on the Agency’s thorough analysis of the marketing application, including the proposed label, submitted by the applicant. Prescribing information contains the information necessary for safe and effective use of the product, and is intended for use by the health care professional ...
Treatment of Narcolepsy with Methamphetamine
Treatment of Narcolepsy with Methamphetamine

... differences were derived, in part, from performance- program to graphically display a moving automobile, disrupting effects of the therapeutic agents studied. a two-lane highway and intermittent obstacles (cartoon Medical and ethical considerations precluded giving bulls, "steers") on the highway. T ...
Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and cytochrome P450
Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and cytochrome P450

... The liver samples were rinsed with ice-cold, 0.9 %NaCl, homogenized in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.1 mM EDTA, and centrifuged at 9000 × g for 20 min. The supernatant was ultracentrifuged at 105,000 × g for 60 min, and the resulting microsomal pellets were suspended with ice c ...
Acne NMC Briefing Full Review - Stoke-on
Acne NMC Briefing Full Review - Stoke-on

...  No significant difference was noted in terms of efficacy when the effects of topical clindamycin phosphate alone, topical benzoyl peroxide alone and a topical combination of benzoyl peroxide and clindamycin  Once-daily treatment with clindamycin 1%-benzoyl peroxide 5% for 11 weeks reduced inflamm ...
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) based drug delivery devices
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) based drug delivery devices

... several advantages over the conventional devices. One of the advantage is the extended release rates of drugs up to days, weeks or months. Other reasons for the widespread use of PLGA are its biodegradability, its biocompatibility, and the fact that PLGA has been approved by FDA (Food and Drug Admin ...
A case of heroin overdose reversed by sublingually administered
A case of heroin overdose reversed by sublingually administered

Modafinil Bluefish Tablet ENG SmPC
Modafinil Bluefish Tablet ENG SmPC

... administered concomitantly. Patients should be monitored for signs of phenytoin toxicity, and repeated measurements of phenytoin plasma levels may be appropriate upon initiation or discontinuation of treatment with modafinil. Steroidal contraceptives: The effectiveness of steroidal contraceptives ma ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)

... (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, flucloxacillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cellwall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such asautolysins; it is possible that flucloxacillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.. Literat ...
6-keto, 7,8
6-keto, 7,8

... 下的), oral, rectal, epidural(硬膜外的) and intrathecal(鞘内的) dosage forms.  Morphine is three to six times more potent when given intramuscularly than it is given orally. The difference in activity is due to extensive firstpass 3-O-glucuronidation of morphine -- an inactive metabolite. its bioavailabilit ...
The Australian Clinical Trial Handbook
The Australian Clinical Trial Handbook

... GCP10, however it is of value to describe some of them here. These documents allow the assessment of a clinical trial as to whether it complies with the standards of GCP, in terms of the conduct of the trial and the quality of data generated. Thus they are an objective means of verifying GCP, as wel ...
introduction to genetic epidemiology
introduction to genetic epidemiology

...  The heuristic interpretation is that aggregation exists when cases of disease appear in families more often than one would expect if diseased cases were spread uniformly and randomly over individuals: “it runs in the family”  Actual approaches for detecting aggregation depend on the nature of the ...
RAZENE Presentation Indications Dosage and Administration
RAZENE Presentation Indications Dosage and Administration

... Symptoms observed after an overdose of cetirizine are mainly associated with CNS effects or with effects that could suggest an anticholinergic effect. Adverse events reported after an intake of at least five times the recommended daily dose are: confusion, diarrhoea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, ma ...
Granska/Öppna
Granska/Öppna

... The aim of this study series was to study the role of placental transporters, apical P-gp and basal MRP1, using saquinavir as a probe drug, and to study transfer of quetiapine and the role of P-gp in its transfer in the dually perfused human placenta/cotyledon. Furthermore, two ABCB1 (encoding P-gp) ...
table of contents
table of contents

... advertises that it “provides branded Co-pay card programs that deliver an instant electronic rebate to a patient at the pharmacy, reducing out-of-pocket expense and equalizing tier position for [a manufacturer’s] product.” The company’s website indicates that its co-pay program “[o]ffsets unfavorabl ...
epilepsy - Government Madurai Medical College
epilepsy - Government Madurai Medical College

... The normal brain is capable of having a seizure under the appropriate circumstances, and there are differences between individuals in differences between individuals in the susceptibility or threshold for seizures. seizures may be induced by high fevers in children who are otherwise normal and who n ...
1. The inheritance of the ABO blood groups is an example of
1. The inheritance of the ABO blood groups is an example of

... Tongue-rolling and red-green colour blindness are two genetically controlled conditions which occur in humans. Tongue-rolling is controlled by the dominant allele, T, while non-rolling is controlled by the recessive allele, t. Red-green colour blindness is controlled by a sex-linked gene on the X ch ...
Proposed new ICH and USP methods for elemental impurities
Proposed new ICH and USP methods for elemental impurities

... as ICP-OES or ICP-MS referenced in USP<233> [7]. However, many drug products will require acid digestion, with its associated dilution of the original sample, which means that the concentrations measured in the sample solution presented to the instrument will be significantly lower than the PDE limit ...
clindamycin phosphate vaginal cream
clindamycin phosphate vaginal cream

... Clindamycin has been detected in human milk after oral or parenteral administration. It is not known if clindamycin is excreted in human milk following the use of vaginally administered clindamycin phosphate. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from clindamycin ...
risperdal consta
risperdal consta

... The recommended dose for monotherapy or adjunctive therapy to lithium or valproate for the maintenance treatment of Bipolar I Disorder is 25 mg IM every 2 weeks. Some patients may benefit from a higher dose of 37.5 mg or 50 mg. Dosages above 50 mg have not been studied in this population. The physic ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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