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Results Abstract Material and Methods Acknowledgement
Results Abstract Material and Methods Acknowledgement

... PITX3 is a transcription factor important for the differentiation and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons during the development. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the gene may be associated with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). To verify their findings and to determine the nature of the assoc ...
Headache - Well Care Pharmacy
Headache - Well Care Pharmacy

... duration of action of a single dose and to define a multiple-dose regimen. Howev¬ er, rescue medications were taken at the patient's discretion. It was not un¬ common for patients to self-medicate with rescue medication in anticipation of the return of headache or associated symptoms, in spite of be ...
Use Of Oral Anti-Diabetic Agents In Diabetes With Chronic Kidney
Use Of Oral Anti-Diabetic Agents In Diabetes With Chronic Kidney

... intestine, thus predominantly preventing the post-prandial surge in glucose. Acarbose is minimally absorbed from the intestine, however it is metabolised by the luminal flora into several breakdown products which may be absorbed. An important side effect that has been observed in patients with renal ...
NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY    Review Article  SADHNA KHATRY *, SIRISH
NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY    Review Article  SADHNA KHATRY *, SIRISH

... Systemic  infection  caused  by  fungi  constitutes  a  major  public  health  problem  in  many  parts  of  the  world.  Fungi  are  extremely  fit  for  survival as evidenced by their ubiquity in nature. The number of fungi  causing  systemic  disease  is  growing  and  the  number  of  systemic  ...
Mylan`s Authorized Generic to EpiPen® (epinephrine injection, USP
Mylan`s Authorized Generic to EpiPen® (epinephrine injection, USP

... Rarely, patients who have used EpiPen® or ...
Potential Herb-Drug Interactions for Commonly
Potential Herb-Drug Interactions for Commonly

... The chart is read from left to right. The information in the Basis of Concern column provides the evidence for the information in the Potential Interaction column. For example, clinical studies found that administration of St John’s wort resulted in decreased levels of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. ...
H28+C Insertion in the CYP21 Gene: A Novel Frameshift Mutation in
H28+C Insertion in the CYP21 Gene: A Novel Frameshift Mutation in

... females, precocious puberty in males, and acceleration of somatic growth in both males and females. The SW form also involves impairment of aldosterone production, causing failure to thrive and dehydration due to salt loss (1). Gene deletions, gene conversions, and mutations normally present in the ...
Development of Bioequivalent Extended Release Tablets of
Development of Bioequivalent Extended Release Tablets of

... Sustained release drug formulations- prolongs drug release and hence plasma drug levels for an extended period of time but not necessarily at predetermined rate. The pharmaceutical industry provides a variety of dosage form and dosage level of particular drug thus it enables the physician to control ...
Guideline for Safe Chronic Opioid Therapy Prescribing For Patients
Guideline for Safe Chronic Opioid Therapy Prescribing For Patients

... Patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) have a right to medically appropriate, evidence-based treatment. Treatment must be individualized based on a comprehensive medical and psycho -social assessment of the patient. Clinicians (physicians, NPs, and PAs) have the responsibility to diagnose and ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

... • Boxed warning for an increased risk of suicide in 18-24 y.o. ...
rencana program dan kegiatan pembelajaran
rencana program dan kegiatan pembelajaran

... Drug and Therapeutics Committee Overview Developing Drug Policies The DTC is responsible for developing drug policies in the health care organization. These policies are necessary to adequately control important aspects of drug selection, purchase, distribution, use, and administration. The DTC is t ...
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal

... studies showing that it did not significantly benefit patients ...
Government, Law, and Regulation: ASHP Policy Positions
Government, Law, and Regulation: ASHP Policy Positions

... To support the use of expedited pathways for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of new drugs that expand access to innovative therapies while protecting patient safety; further, To advocate for the development of unique labeling requirements that would be used on an interim basis to identif ...
Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy
Traversing the biological complexity in the hierarchy

... roots in the work of Garrod (Schull & Chakraborty 1979, Scriver & Childs 1992). This strategy seeks to identify and characterize the “inborn error” in a particular gene that is responsible for an individual’s diseased state. It has been most successful for those monogenic diseases characterized by a ...
LUPRON DEPOT® 7.5 mg (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension)
LUPRON DEPOT® 7.5 mg (leuprolide acetate for depot suspension)

... the subjects studied were at least 65 years of age. Therefore, the labeling reflects the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of LUPRON DEPOT in this population. ...
Treatment of Common Medical Problems in
Treatment of Common Medical Problems in

... Approximately 40% of women experience constipation, especially in the third trimester.53. Causative factors include hormone-related changes in gastrointestinal motility and fluid absorption, pressure of the uterus on the bowel, lack of exercise and certain medications (e.g. iron supplements).6,20,53 ...
a database designed for the polymorphisms of the human ccr2 gene
a database designed for the polymorphisms of the human ccr2 gene

... We have developed a specialized database that contains information about polymorphic markers (predominantly SNPs) in the CCR2 gene and its neighboring DNA regions, their population frequencies and also about the trait and diseases associated with these polymorphisms. The database consists of 4 inter ...
GABAMINERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION: INTRODUCTION
GABAMINERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION: INTRODUCTION

... The CNS contains uniquely high concentrations of certain amino acids, notably glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The dicarboxylic amino acids (e.g. glutamate, aspartate) mediate excitatory responses while the monocarboxylic acids (GABA, glycine) mediate inhibitory stimuli. Several therape ...
Importance of in -vitro in -vivo studies in pharmaceutical
Importance of in -vitro in -vivo studies in pharmaceutical

... to such an extent that their safety and efficacy can be assumed to be substantially equal. Therapeutic equivalents are interchangeable. Essential similar products: if it has the same qualitative and quantitative composition in terms of active substances and the pharmaceutical form is the same and, w ...
Tuberculosis management in Europe ERS TASK FORCE
Tuberculosis management in Europe ERS TASK FORCE

... examinations positive for acid-fast bacilli or one positive sputum examination, radiological signs and a clinician's decision to treat is also considered a "definite case"). "Other than definite cases" are those meeting both of the following conditions. 1) a clinician's judgement that the patient's ...
Lincocin®lincomycin hydrochloride tablets and
Lincocin®lincomycin hydrochloride tablets and

... dermatitis. As with all antibiotics, in vitro sensitivity studies should be performed before LINCOCIN is utilized as sole antibiotic therapy. LINCOCIN has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of staphylococcal infections resistant to other antibiotics and sensitive to lincomycin. The d ...
CS262 Lecture 19: Human Population Genomics Continued 1
CS262 Lecture 19: Human Population Genomics Continued 1

... There are two types of natural selection in biological evolution: Positive (Darwinian) selection promotes the spread of beneficial alleles, and negative (or purifying) selection hinders the spread of deleterious alleles. Pseudogenization is normally detrimental and prevented by negative selection. H ...
PAIN AND OPIOID ANALGESICS
PAIN AND OPIOID ANALGESICS

... 1. All of the following opioid receptors are correctly matched with their physiological effects, except: A)  – analgesia and respiratory depression; B) k – analgesia and dysphoria; C)  – miosis and physical dependence; D)  - euphoria and reduced GIT motility. 2. Which of the following analgesics ...
Document
Document

... How useful in the analysis of genetic complex disease? ...
PharmII Block I Handouts
PharmII Block I Handouts

... a. PPIs are weak bases concentrated in the acid compartment of the parietal cells b. Prodrugs – activated in acid environment – enter the parietal cells from the blood c. A sulfhydral group forms a disulfide bond with cysteine residues on the H-K-ATPase pump and inactivates the enzyme ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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