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AP-ZP - Edison Investment Research
AP-ZP - Edison Investment Research

... The development risks of Intec are largely centred on whether the AP technology can provide a definitive benefit over other controlled release (CR) formulations. The company has MRI evidence that APs are effectively retained in the stomach, but the question remains how this translates into a benefit ...
MICROSPONGE DELIVERY SYSTEM (MDS): A UNIQUE
MICROSPONGE DELIVERY SYSTEM (MDS): A UNIQUE

... particles with a unique ability for entrapping actives. They offers programmable release active drug into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and minimize local cutaneous reactions to active. These MDS’s are closely related to microspheres, and used in the sun screens, creams, ointments, o ...
Guidelines for Conducting Clinical Trials
Guidelines for Conducting Clinical Trials

...  The purpose of a phase II trial is to demonstrate activity of the drug and to obtain further safety data. It also aims at the determination of effective dose ranges and regimens and provides an optimal background for the design of future therapeutic trials.  This phase may be an open trial in a s ...
Table 2. Pain Relief
Table 2. Pain Relief

... and 2 ketoprofen). Table 3 shows pain relief before and after the second dose. The mean onset time of analgesia ranged from 39.8 min for diclofenac sodium, 40.04 min for ketoprofen, 46.33 min for hyoscine N-butyl bromide, to 50.12 min for spasmaverine. A statistically significant difference (p<0.025 ...
file (Appropriate Selection of a 2nd Generation
file (Appropriate Selection of a 2nd Generation

... clinically significant as reflected by the ADA Consensus Guidelines, which recommend against the use of glyburide when initiating a sulfonylurea as add-on therapy. The potential risk for increased hypoglycemia with glyburide is most likely linked to its pharmacokinetic profile. Glyburide has a longe ...
perioperative management of the patients with liver disease
perioperative management of the patients with liver disease

... *Identification of the surgical risk is critical  in the care of any patient, especially as patients develop an increasing number of chronic co-morbid medical conditions. ** Patients with liver disease are at  particularly high risk for morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period due to b ...
Diclofenac versus Tramadol in the Treatment of Renal Colic: A
Diclofenac versus Tramadol in the Treatment of Renal Colic: A

... 80% good response (more than 50% in pain reduction) and that patients treated with Tramadol will have 60% good response. Accordingly the sample size was calculated to achieve a statistical power of 80% at 5% type I error with 50 subjects being required for each group. To calculate the difference; t ...
Palliative Care in Winnipeg
Palliative Care in Winnipeg

... Inadequate assessment Lack of patient education Improper dosing Side effects of analgesics Patient concerns re: opioid analgesics Patient compliance ...
Gastrointestinal Disorders and Medication Management Drugs for
Gastrointestinal Disorders and Medication Management Drugs for

... o Give before food (preferably breakfast) Cautious use o Hepatic and renal insufficiency ...
Massive Theophylline Overdose with Atypical
Massive Theophylline Overdose with Atypical

... see severe reactions at concentrations <100 mg/L; in patients taking toxic doses of theophylline over several days, severe reactions have been reported at concentrations as low as 28 mg/L (8, 9). The reason for this difference is not ...
Interpreting Equine Genetic Defect Testing Results
Interpreting Equine Genetic Defect Testing Results

... Assistant Professor ...
A Phase I Biological Study of MG98, an Oligodeoxynucleotide
A Phase I Biological Study of MG98, an Oligodeoxynucleotide

... untreated with poor-risk AML who were not candidates for aggressive therapy with curative intent (i.e., stem cell transplantation). MDS patients with intermediate 1, intermediate 2, or high-risk MDS by International Prognostic Scoring System were eligible (16). Patients were also required to have no ...
Quantitative Trait Loci, QTL An introduction to
Quantitative Trait Loci, QTL An introduction to

... Why study quantitative traits? • Many (most) human traits/disorders are complex in the sense that they are governed by several genetic loci as well as being influenced by environmental agents; • Many of these traits are intrinsically continuously varying and need specialized statistical models/meth ...
Medication regimen complexity in institutionalized elderly people in
Medication regimen complexity in institutionalized elderly people in

anti-inflammatory
anti-inflammatory

Glaucoma Pharmacology: Prescribing for the Patient Prostaglandins
Glaucoma Pharmacology: Prescribing for the Patient Prostaglandins

... • Beta blockers also function as anti-arrhythmics, likely by inhibiting cardiac sympathetic stimulation, thus reducing sudden death from arrhythmia. • In contrast to early concerns, beta blockade is now a well-accepted therapy for patients with stable class II-III CHF • There is at present no conclu ...
Genetic basis for Schizophrenia, Bipolar 1 Disorder, Tourette`s
Genetic basis for Schizophrenia, Bipolar 1 Disorder, Tourette`s

... 3-In a new study, a family in which the father and all eight offspring (six sons and two daughters) have the syndrome. Extensive genetic detective work led them to a mutation in a gene called HDC, which encodes L-histidine decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in the production of histamine, a signalin ...
The use of compound topical anesthetics
The use of compound topical anesthetics

... Cosmetic Act. FDA approval of pharmaceutical compounds. Through the early 20th century, several worthless and often deadly elixirs were being mass-produced and distributed throughout the United States. The Elixir Sulfanilamide incident, in which more than 100 people died after taking a legal, but to ...
Age-related differences in reporting of drug
Age-related differences in reporting of drug

... approximately 10% of cases (Andrade 2005, Chalasani 2008) and up to 57% of cases of antibiotic-induced jaundice (Hussaini 2007). The incidence of drug-induced liver injury with amoxicillin/clavulanate increases 3-fold with age, multiple prescriptions, longer treatment duration (Garcia Rodriguez 1996 ...
Statins and lichenoid drug eruption Introduction
Statins and lichenoid drug eruption Introduction

... week to many months or can be irreversible. Therefore idiopathic lichen planus cannot be ruled out easily. Of the thirteen cases reported to Lareb, five had recovered or were recovering after discontinuation of the statins at the moment of reporting; in one case also the suspected ezetimibe was disc ...
Vol. 32, No. 3 Cough and Cold Medications in Pregnancy
Vol. 32, No. 3 Cough and Cold Medications in Pregnancy

... pregnancy, and the risks to the fetus vs. benefits (questionable for many agents ) of using cough and cold medication must always be carefully weighed. Breast milk is the most complete nutrition an infant can receive, and provides many health benefits both short and long term. Ideally a mother shoul ...
Drug (active ingredient)
Drug (active ingredient)

... B) Master degree in pharmaceutical science (M.Sc.): This requires a minimum of two years beside a one year of general courses. The candidate fulfills his degree by writing a thesis (both theoretical and practical) in the specialized field. C) Doctor in philosophy in pharmaceutical science (Ph.D.): T ...
Recent Advances in Anticoagulation Therapy
Recent Advances in Anticoagulation Therapy

... The use of anticoagulants can place patients at risk for bleeding. It is important for healthcare personnel to have an understanding of necessary assessments and to identify correct patient education. This module will review the Joint Commission’s National Patient Safety Goal: Requirement 3E, Antico ...
Transparency and Innuendo - Duke Law Scholarship Repository
Transparency and Innuendo - Duke Law Scholarship Repository

... (3) whether an unapproved use of the drug appears to pose a significant risk to patients.14 The draft guidance document also provides numerous examples of the types of “emerging” safety information that would be communicated under the proposal.15 Most of these examples meet the three criteria listed ...
Cymbalta (duloxetine)
Cymbalta (duloxetine)

... Since duloxetine is a newer medication, there is less information about its use in pregnant women. Duloxetine has caused abnormal effects on fetal and infant development in animals, but there are no human studies. Also, babies born to mothers who have taken SNRIs do seem to be at risk for withdrawal ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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