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Presentation - Poorly water soluble substances: challenges
Presentation - Poorly water soluble substances: challenges

... • Alcohol like CNS effects, slower metabolism below 4-5 years, metabolites renally excreted; seizures possible • May contribute to lactic acidosis and hyperosmolality, (hyperosmolality of formulation also risk in oral dosing for prematures; NEC) • What is a safe level after single dose/over treatmen ...
What is new in postoperative analgesia after caesarean sections? EDITORIAL VIEW
What is new in postoperative analgesia after caesarean sections? EDITORIAL VIEW

... the most common method of postoperative analgesia after CS in our institution and pethidine was the most common opioid used. One study done in rural health district of South Africa31 has shown pethidine (69%) as the most common opioid prescribed after CS and intramuscular route was the only route of ...
- Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
- Journal of the American Society of Hypertension

... the patient population) was <140/90 mm Hg rather than the <130/80 mm Hg mandated by current guidelines.9 In the Hypertension Optimal Treatment trial, 33% of patients achieved their (diastolic only) BP target with monotherapy, 45% required two drugs, and 22% needed three or more agents.10 Systolic BP ...
Corticosteroid Therapy Revisited (Practicing Prudent Prednisone
Corticosteroid Therapy Revisited (Practicing Prudent Prednisone

... effect on every metabolic process. One of the most important medical uses of corticosteroids is for their anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation comprises the changes in the tissue in response to injury. There are 4 classical signs of inflammation: pain (dolor), heat (color), redness (rubor), and s ...
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel

... the offspring will be white (this does NOT mean that they will or will not have white bunnies) – If they have LOTS of children, about 25% of them will be white Last slide ...
4 Proposal BSc Programme in pharmacology (Final).
4 Proposal BSc Programme in pharmacology (Final).

... Colour reactions of proteins and amino acids. Digestion, absorption and metabolism of proteins and amino acids. Metabolism of individual amino acid. One-carbon unit. Protein, synthesis (including the involvement of the RNAs). Urea cycle. Disorders of protein and amino acid metabolism. BCM 262 Chemis ...
Analysis of GNAZ Gene Polymorphism in Bipolar Affective Disorder
Analysis of GNAZ Gene Polymorphism in Bipolar Affective Disorder

... an increase in the frequency of GNAZ 309T in patients with BPD. The screening for allelic differences should be considered preliminary since only 20 alleles were analyzed and SSCP may miss 20–30% of mutations when only a single electrophoresis condition is used. Furthermore, analysis of the intron-e ...
glucovision - Canadian Association of Nuclear Medicine
glucovision - Canadian Association of Nuclear Medicine

... lung neoplasms.A total of 99 patients evaluated were visually observed during PET scan for evidence of adverse events. No adverse events were observed. A single-centre prospective study was conducted in oncology patients to evaluate the safety of fludeoxyglucose F-18. Three hundred and twelve adult ...
Document
Document

... • Traits that are genetically influenced but do not show single gene (Mendelian) patterns of inheraitance • Phenotypes (characteristics) that vary in degree and can be attributed to polygenic effects, i.e., product of two or more genes, and their environment. • They are influenced by the combined ac ...
Clinical Pharmacology AC meeting
Clinical Pharmacology AC meeting

... – NKF/KDOQI guidelines: • GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months are classified as having chronic kidney disease, irrespective of the presence or absence of kidney damage. • GFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2 would be abnormal in a young adult. On the other hand, a GFR of 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2 could be normal from ...
Highly Specialized Highly Specialized
Highly Specialized Highly Specialized

... Eastern Biotech and Life Sciences started with a goal of providing predictive and personalized healthcare, the company filled the niche in the highly specialized diagnostic and emerging genetic testing market. Upon achieving a leading market position and regional brand recognition, the company incor ...
Dietary supplement-related adverse events reported to
Dietary supplement-related adverse events reported to

... patient had no cerebral function and no reflexes. She was diagnosed as having had an overdose on the product (Xenadrine) that produced anoxic injury. The patient died two days after the ingestion. Table 1 characterizes outcomes of AEs caused by single-ingredient nonephedra products for which more th ...
Calcium Channel Blockers 1997
Calcium Channel Blockers 1997

... dihydropyridine CCBs. They have negative effects at the SA and AV nodes, and cause reductions in heart rate and contractility. Verapamil has the most pronounced negative inotropic effect. Both are used in the treatment of hypertension (HTN), angina, and supraventricular tachycardias and non-obstruct ...
Dominant vs. Recessive Traits
Dominant vs. Recessive Traits

... letter to symbolize the trait you are investigating. For example, you might want to use the letter “n” to symbolize the length of the dragon’s neck. The upper case version of the letter you choose represents the dominant allele for the trait; the lower case version of the letter represents the reces ...
Spectrum of Mutations in MMAB Identified by
Spectrum of Mutations in MMAB Identified by

... of L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Somatic cells studies have been used to evaluate patient samples for cobalamin related disorders. Due to high basal levels of propionate incorporation, some patients with mild MMA biochemical phenotypes cannot be diagnosed by complementation analysis. A high r ...
NDA 021085 AVELOX FDA Approved 26 Jul 2016
NDA 021085 AVELOX FDA Approved 26 Jul 2016

... Fluoroquinolones, including AVELOX, have been associated with disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions from different body systems that can occur together in the same patient. Commonly seen adverse reactions include tendinitis, tendon rupture, arthralgia, myalgia, peripheral ...
Prava alone
Prava alone

... Avoid using aspirin in patients with severe renal failure, severe hepatic insufficiency or a history of active peptic ulcer disease. Patients with sodium-retaining states, such as congestive heart failure or renal failure, should avoid sodium-containing buffered aspirin preparations because of their ...
Product Information: Belimumab
Product Information: Belimumab

... 52 weeks of observation in the group receiving BENLYSTA relative to the group receiving placebo (hazard ratio=0.64, 95% CI (0.49,0.84) P=0.0011). There were too few males, patients over 65 years of age, or black/African American patients enrolled in the controlled clinical trials to draw meaningful ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH DESIPRAMINE
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH DESIPRAMINE

... commonly observed side effects of the drug. Desipramine hydrochloride causes ECG changes such as prolongation of the P-R interval and a decreased magnitude with an increased width of the T wave. These ECG changes are seen most frequently in elderly patients as is postural hypotension. Desipramine hy ...
Neuromuscular Blockers
Neuromuscular Blockers

... and laudanosine) have no intrinsic neuromuscular blocking effects •Hypertension and tachycardia may occur in patients given pancuronium. These cardiovascular effects are caused by the combination of vagal blockade and catecholamine release from adrenergic nerve endings •Long-term administration of v ...
Amiodarone for Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac
Amiodarone for Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac

Solumedrol d PI 16 4.4
Solumedrol d PI 16 4.4

... treatment, and when reduction in dosage is possible, the reduction should be gradual. Since complications of treatment with glucocorticoids are dependent on the size of the dose and the duration of treatment, a risk/benefit decision must be made in each individual case as to dose and duration of tre ...
SYRINGE PUMP PRESCRIPTION
SYRINGE PUMP PRESCRIPTION

... * For patients previously on opioids, follow guidance on page 5 for conversion of oral to equivalent subcutaneous dose. For patients on buprenorphine or fentanyl patches, follow guidance on page 5 and discuss with Specialist Palliative Care Service for advice regarding further analgesia (see page 1 ...
VICH GL36(R): Studies to evaluate the safety of residues of
VICH GL36(R): Studies to evaluate the safety of residues of

... Therefore, it may be considered as an option to establish an ADI. The isolates should be obtained from multiple healthy individuals, and include a minimum of 10 isolates from each of the genera listed in Section 2.1. Each MIC test of a pure culture of a relevant isolate provides data for a single st ...
Safe use of Intravenous Conscious Sedation in Adult Patients
Safe use of Intravenous Conscious Sedation in Adult Patients

... access devices and fluids. The use of continuous capnography is recommended wherever conscious sedation is planned. Management of sedation A period of starvation of 6 hours for food and 2 hours for clear fluids would reduce the risk of aspiration should over-sedation occur. In the case of upper gast ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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