• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Hydrochlorothiazide - Developing Anaesthesia
Hydrochlorothiazide - Developing Anaesthesia

... hypertension. It may be used alone but more commonly is used in combination formulations with other antihypertensive drugs. Electrolyte disturbances are the most common significant adverse side effect, hypokalemia in particular. History The thiazide diuretics were discovered developed by scientists ...
A worldwide correlation of lactase persistence phenotype and
A worldwide correlation of lactase persistence phenotype and

... biopsy, which provides a direct determination of intestinal lactase activity. However, this procedure is very rarely used for diagnosing healthy individuals because of its invasive nature [7]. With the recent discovery of nucleotide changes associated with LP comes the prospect of direct genetic tes ...
Update in 2015: Novel Oral Anticoagulant (NOAC
Update in 2015: Novel Oral Anticoagulant (NOAC

... would  be  in  a  non-­‐critical  location  and  controllable.    Discontinue  the  NOAC  at  least  48  hours  prior  to   surgery  with  a  moderate  or  high  risk  of  bleeding.    Some  interventions  may  require  longer  holds ...
Evaluation of EDDP (Methadone metabolite
Evaluation of EDDP (Methadone metabolite

... DDP (2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine) and EMDP being the primary metabolites. EDDP will account for 3–25% of the dose in the urinary excretion for the first 24 hours. Urinary excretion of the unchanged drug is dependent on pH, with increased excretion in acid urine. Excretion is re ...
Product Information for Tarceva - Therapeutic Goods Administration
Product Information for Tarceva - Therapeutic Goods Administration

... Attachment 1: Product information for AusPAR Tarceva Erlotinib Roche Products Pty Ltd PM-2011-019933-4 Final 7 January 2013. This Product Information was approved at the time this AusPAR was published. ...
Caffeine, Nicotine, Nutrition: Practical Implications for Substance
Caffeine, Nicotine, Nutrition: Practical Implications for Substance

... synergistic effects. Nevertheless, all mood-altering substances have the potential for abuse, as tolerance and dependence develop over time. Because these substances are widely available, individuals can self-administer potent forms legally. Some drug and alcohol treatment centers do not allow the u ...
DETECTING AND CHARACTERIZING PLEIOTROPY: NEW
DETECTING AND CHARACTERIZING PLEIOTROPY: NEW

... Whether pleiotropy is universal or modular has an impact on how pleiotropic genes are influenced by selection. Complex organisms have vastly more cell types than prokaryotes, but only about four-fold more genes.10 The necessary increase in pleiotropy per gene that this statistic suggests could limit ...
Report of the WHO Informal Consultation on the use of Praziquantel
Report of the WHO Informal Consultation on the use of Praziquantel

... Purpose of the consultation During the WHO Joint Expert Committee meeting on the Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis and Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis (8-14 October 2001), the participating experts felt that the current WHO recommendations to avoid using praziquantel during pregnancy and lact ...
Chronic Heart Failure
Chronic Heart Failure

... and quality of life. Therefore, ACE inhibitors are recommended in all stages of HF unless contraindicated. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are generally preferred to angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) or direct-acting vasodilators because of a greater weight of evidence. In addition, one ...
1 ——— INDICATIONS AND USAGE ——— Saxenda® is a
1 ——— INDICATIONS AND USAGE ——— Saxenda® is a

... 2 (0.1%) of 1843 placebo-treated patients. In addition, there were 2 cases of acute pancreatitis in Saxenda® -treated patients who prematurely withdrew from these clinical trials, occurring 74 and 124 days after the last dose. There were 2 additional cases in Saxenda® -treated patients, 1 during an ...
Galactosemia screening when?
Galactosemia screening when?

... variant form of hereditary galactosemia was in 1935 by Mason and Turner of an African-American infant. It was also the first report of a patient with any form of galactosemia due to GALT deficiency in the American literature. This patient had not been placed on a lactose-restricted diet until 10 mon ...
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Central Nervous System Stimulants

... promote chloride conductance through this channel include the barbiturates and alcohol. The existence of the chloride channel as a major site of drug action permits a single molecular event (control of chloride ion movement) to be involved in the mechanism of action of a diverse class of agents. Str ...
Fluoxetin Mylan dispersible tablet ENG SmPC
Fluoxetin Mylan dispersible tablet ENG SmPC

... reactions. Generally these symptoms are mild to moderate, however, in some patients they may be severe in intensity. They usually occur within the first few days of discontinuing treatment. Generally, these symptoms are self-limiting and usually resolve within 2 weeks, though in some individuals the ...
Low Levels of Nucleotide Diversity at Homoeologous Adh Loci in
Low Levels of Nucleotide Diversity at Homoeologous Adh Loci in

... All DNA sequencing was performed using the Thermo Sequenase 33P-radiolabeled terminator cycle sequencing kit (Amersham). Sequencing reactions were electrophoresed on 5%–6% Long Ranger sequencing gels (FMC). Because so little polymorphism was detected, templates were sequenced on one strand only. Aft ...
PRODUCT INFORMATION  XANAX alprazolam
PRODUCT INFORMATION XANAX alprazolam

... In two controlled trials of six to eight weeks duration where the ability of patients to discontinue medication was measured, 71% - 93% of Xanax treated patients tapered completely off therapy compared to 89% - 96% of placebo treated patients. In a controlled clinical trial of 3 to 12 months duratio ...
chapter 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics
chapter 10 Sexual Reproduction and Genetics

... possible female gamete. The number of combinations after fertilization would be 2n 2n. For peas, this number is 16,384, or 128 128. In people, the possible combinations of chromosomes are ...
single nucleotide polymorphisms and suicidal behaviour
single nucleotide polymorphisms and suicidal behaviour

... The metabolism of other neurotransmitters could be impaired in suicide victims by the altered function of the enzymes involved in the degradation of neurotransmitters. Catecholamine degradation is regulated with the activity of the enzyme catehol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which catalyses the trans ...
PDF - American College of Gastroenterology
PDF - American College of Gastroenterology

... Several risk factors for GI bleeding in the setting of antiplatelet therapy have been reported consistently. A history of bleeding or other complications of peptic ulcer disease is the strongest risk factor for subsequent upper GI bleeding (28). Advanced age also significantly increases the absolute ...
CV drugs (4x6 index cards)
CV drugs (4x6 index cards)

... be a scary short period of asystole, then the rhythm will be converted to NSR or SB. If there is no response, may give 12 mg IVP same fashion in 3 minutes. If still unsuccessful, in 3 minutes, may repeat the 12mg dose one more time. If it doesn’t work, explore the possibility the rhythm is a rapid A ...
Atorvastatin
Atorvastatin

... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Description: Atorvastatin is a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is primarily used to lower cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. At the ...
ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA AND PHARYNGITIS IN CHILDREN Antibiotic
ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA AND PHARYNGITIS IN CHILDREN Antibiotic

... The resistance of S. pneumoniae to ß lactamics is not due to the production of ß lactamase, but to the selection of bacterial strains with mutations of the penicillin binding proteins.19 The addition of clavulanic acid therefore does not increase the probability of eradicating the pneumococcus In ca ...
and Paul J. Seligman, MD, MPH
and Paul J. Seligman, MD, MPH

... of the COX-2 selective NSAIDs is derived from a small number of long-term placebo- and active-controlled clinical trials in patients with arthritis or in the disease prevention setting. We will briefly summarize the available data from the long-term controlled clinical trials for the three approved ...
Medication Management Guideline
Medication Management Guideline

... Clinically Significant Refers to effects, results, or consequences that materially affect or are likely to affect an individual's mental, physical, or psychosocial well-being either positively by preventing, stabilizing or improving a condition or reducing risk, or negatively by exacerbating, causin ...
1 - SMIC Biology
1 - SMIC Biology

... The pedigree below is for a genetic disease or abnormality. We do not yet know if it is dominant or recessive. We will determine if it is possible that the trait is autosomal recessive. If the trait were recessive, we could use the following designations for the alleles: A = not affected (dominant) ...
dbl™ adrenaline injection 1:10000
dbl™ adrenaline injection 1:10000

... Syncope has occurred following administration to asthmatic children. In patients with Parkinsonian syndrome the drug increases rigidity and tremor. Intra-arterial administration should be avoided since marked vasoconstriction may result in gangrene. Intramuscular injection into the buttocks should b ...
< 1 ... 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report