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MEDICAL AND PHARMACY BENEFIT MANAGEMENT
MEDICAL AND PHARMACY BENEFIT MANAGEMENT

... can substantially reduce the risk of unintended pregnancy, but with typical use, most contraceptives result in high rates of pregnancy (see Table 1). Research has demonstrated that one-third of women at risk for pregnancy who are prescribed contraceptives use them inconsistently or incorrectly, if a ...
alternative health practices in addiction treatment
alternative health practices in addiction treatment

... "treatment package" if offered in the absence of other treatment components associated with long-term outcome benefits. In this manner, the use of acupuncture, nutrition, and even homeopathy is increasing in the American treatment of substance abuse disorders, despite the lack of conclusive research ...
Genetic epidemiology of personality disorders
Genetic epidemiology of personality disorders

... antisocial PD39 and for borderline PD and all the other cluster B PDs,51 as well as for the DSM-III cluster C PDs.44 A population-based twin study including all PDs within cluster B indicated that borderline PD and antisocial PD appeared to share genetic risk factors above and beyond those shared in ...
Useful Medications for Oral Conditions
Useful Medications for Oral Conditions

... Weight kg ...
Managing Calcium Channel Blocker
Managing Calcium Channel Blocker

... case 2 was not initially thought to be a drug effect. Whereas the spectrum of non–drug-related dependent edema in older persons due to venous insufficiency is most often mild, CCB-related edema may be more severe and painful. CCB-associated peripheral edema may also be warm, erythematous, and petech ...
Population genetics
Population genetics

... Not all of a DNA sequence is made up of genes. Genes are those sections of DNA that have a known function. They include a transcribed section and a regulatory element that allows its transcription. The existence of genes is deduced by observing the segregation of variants in the progeny of crosses, ...
Riboflavin prophylaxis in pediatric and adolescent migraine
Riboflavin prophylaxis in pediatric and adolescent migraine

... data on children are scarce. This retrospective study reports on our experience of using riboflavin for migraine prophylaxis in 41 pediatric and adolescent patients, who received 200 or 400 mg/day single oral dose of riboflavin for 3, 4 or 6 months. Attack frequency and intensity decreased (P \ 0.01 ...
Contacts: Wendy Dougherty Jeff Warren Public Relations Investor
Contacts: Wendy Dougherty Jeff Warren Public Relations Investor

Detection times for equine medications
Detection times for equine medications

... DETECTION TIMES FOR EQUINE MEDICATIONS Data from The Pharmacokinetics of Equine Medications research report (RIRDC Pub. No. 11/117) ...
Package Inserts for Prescription Drugs as Evidence in Medical
Package Inserts for Prescription Drugs as Evidence in Medical

... The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires drug manufacturers to accompany shipments of prescription drugs with "package inserts" that describe the drug, summarize its possible beneficial and harmful effects on the patient, and give the doctor directions for its use.' The insert is directed to ...
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors

... Copyright © 2013, 2010 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. ...
INFINITI CYP450 2C19+ Assay
INFINITI CYP450 2C19+ Assay

... xenobiotics metabolism. CYP450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is a highly polymorphic liver enzyme of the liver and is involved in the metabolism and elimination of many commonly prescribed drugs including antidepressants, antiepileptics, barbiturates and proton pump inhibitors. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19 are ...
Restless Leg Syndrome 2006
Restless Leg Syndrome 2006

... movements (or uncontrollable 'jerks') usually of the lower extremities. 3. Family history- 60% of patients with RLS especially early onset ...
REMERON  ® (mirtazapine) Tablets
REMERON ® (mirtazapine) Tablets

... early phases of treatment. Pooled analyses of short-term placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant drugs (SSRIs and others) showed that these drugs increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 18-24) with major depressive disord ...
The  clinical  efficacy  of  inhaled ... ) in  the  treatment  of  asthma ®
The clinical efficacy of inhaled ... ) in the treatment of asthma ®

... involve a compilation of all the evidence [3]. The pharmaceutical company concerned is well-placed to do a complete overview of all available data, both published and unpublished. An overview of this type should have a statistical basis. Statistical analyses carried out on individual trials do not e ...
OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN SWELLABLE FLOATING MATRIX
OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN SWELLABLE FLOATING MATRIX

... to incomplete absorption of drugs having absorption window especially in the upper part of the small intestine.3 Drugs having a short half-life are eliminated quickly from the blood circulation. Various oral controlled delivery systems have been designed which can overcome these problems and release ...
The most important side effect of interferon gamma is
The most important side effect of interferon gamma is

... b) dose which produce the therapeutically effect c) is the ratio of the TD50 to the ED 50 d) the doses which makes more favorable effects e) the most quantity of the drug that produces maximum effect without side effects. What is the most relevant use of therapeutic index? a) Guide for toxicity in t ...
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE RHIZOMES  GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA    Research Article 
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE RHIZOMES  GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA    Research Article 

... contamination analysis are carried out. The study revealed specific identities for the particular crude drug which will be useful in identification and  control to adulterations of the raw drug.  Keywords:  Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn., Toxic metals, physicochemical studies, Aflatoxin.   ...
Trends in Retail Prices of Brand Name Prescription Drugs
Trends in Retail Prices of Brand Name Prescription Drugs

... are important because a different mix of drug manufacturers typically makes the drug products in each segment and the drug products are subject to unique market dynamics, pricing, and related behaviors. In addition, the Rx Price Watch series also reports the price change for an overall market basket ...
Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem®) - Ipswich and East Suffolk CCG
Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem®) - Ipswich and East Suffolk CCG

... characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone), sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations and fragmented nocturnal sleep. Cataplexy affects approximately 75% of people with narcolepsy and is triggered by emotional stimuli such as ...
Effectiveness of salmeterol versus ipratropium bromide on exertional
Effectiveness of salmeterol versus ipratropium bromide on exertional

... salmeterol would reduce dyspnoea at 6 h after administration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study design was a randomized, double-blind trial in 16 patients (aged 63¡11 yrs) with symptomatic COPD. Two days after familiarization with testing procedures, patients we ...
Genome-wide association analysis with correlated traits in Duroc pigs
Genome-wide association analysis with correlated traits in Duroc pigs

... Genetic improvements for feed efficiency, growth as well as backfat thickness in pigs have been proven to be successful in certain breeding programs (Rothschild and Ruvinsky (2010)), however, knowledge of correlations for these traits on a molecular level remains unknown. Genomic improvement of feed ...
Classification of research and development activities
Classification of research and development activities

... - establishing mouse-models for two different form of childcancer and developing new strategies for combination therapies in pre-clinical studies, in cooperation with a hospital facility; - setting up a model for prostate-cancer while applying a new image analyse based diagnostic method, as well as ...
Haplotype - Biomedical Informatics
Haplotype - Biomedical Informatics

Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF): Pocket Reference
Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF): Pocket Reference

... Routine anticoagulant monitoring is not required.19-22,24,25 The INR and aPTT do not quantitatively correlate with drug levels and should not be used for routine monitoring Rivaroxaban calibrated anti-Xa levels reflect the Rotachrom® Heparin Anti-Xa assay reflects the A normal TT rules out the prese ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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