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Chapter 51
Chapter 51

... Drugs for Minor Discomforts of Pregnancy (Cont.) ...
Including information on the therapeutic window in bioequivalence
Including information on the therapeutic window in bioequivalence

Guidance Document For Reporting Individual Case Safety Report
Guidance Document For Reporting Individual Case Safety Report

... Before registration and marketing of medicine in the country, its safety and efficacy experience is based primarily on the use of the medicine in clinical trials. These trials mainly detect common adverse reactions. Some important reactions, such as those, which take a long time to develop, or those ...
December 2014 Coding Queries (PDF 290KB)
December 2014 Coding Queries (PDF 290KB)

... Orthostatic hypotension can also be caused by adverse effects of medication. Documentation of drug-induced, orthostatic hypotension in a Parkinson’s patient would preclude assignment of G90.3 (See Drug induced postural hypotension, CCWA, May 2011). If there is documentation of Parkinson’s and orthos ...
Genomic imprinting and the units of adaptation
Genomic imprinting and the units of adaptation

... idea that a gene’s intention may depend on the information that it has at its disposal (in this case, concerning its parent of origin). Inclusive fitness as target of selection and maximand I derived an expression (1) for the dynamics of natural selection, in which personal fitness is given as a tar ...
File - Varsity Field
File - Varsity Field

... The probability of two or more independent events occuring together is calculated by multiplying their independent probabilities (“and” is used). E.g. dice have 6 surfaces, numbered 1 to 6, each surface has an equal chance of landing face up.  P (rolling a 1) = 1/6 , P (rolling a 2) = 1/6 , and P(3 ...
MARIJUANA
MARIJUANA

... marijuana causes inflammation and other changes in the airways to the lungs. Moreover, there is a strong possibility that prolonged, heavy marijuana smoking will lead to cancer of the respiratory tract or to serious lung impairment. The effects may be exacerbated in those who smoke both marijuana an ...
Clozapine - Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
Clozapine - Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust

... Clozapine is an antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia when other antipsychotics have not worked. It is normally initiated only by psychiatrists and on-going prescribing usually remains in secondary care. Since clozapine can cause neutropenia and agranulocytosis regular blood tests are ...
treating infantile spasms - American Academy of Neurology
treating infantile spasms - American Academy of Neurology

... The doctor thinks my child may have infantile spasms. Will my child get better? If your child may have infantile spasms, it is important to have him or her evaluated as soon as possible. The doctor will order an EEG to confirm the diagnosis. If the child is diagnosed with infantile spasms, the docto ...
1st Medicon Valley Inhalation Symposium
1st Medicon Valley Inhalation Symposium

... • Poor oral availability • Consider making a soft drug ...
Diuretics Literature Scan - Nov 20, 2014
Diuretics Literature Scan - Nov 20, 2014

... The authors concluded that hydrochlorothiazide has a dose-related blood pressure-lowing effect. However, trials were short term and important clinical cardiovascular outcomes were not evaluated. New Systematic Reviews for Heart Failure: A 2012 Cochrane Review assessed the risks and benefits of diure ...
Fidaxomicin Inhibits Spore Production in Clostridium difficile
Fidaxomicin Inhibits Spore Production in Clostridium difficile

... Fidaxomicin (FDX) is a novel antimicrobial agent with narrow-spectrum and potent bactericidal activity against Clostridium difficile. In recent clinical trials, FDX was superior to vancomycin in preventing recurrences of C. difficile infection. A possible mechanism of reducing recurrence may be throug ...
Other Species - UNC Research
Other Species - UNC Research

... Feline: Analgesia and Anesthesia formulary The appropriate use of pain medications (analgesics) and anesthetics is a critical aspect of the proper care and use of animals in research. Not only are they required by regulatory agencies when an animal experiences more than momentary pain or discomfort ...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL PHARMACY AND BIO
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL PHARMACY AND BIO

... caspofungin) that are primarily intended for systemic administration but which may have a role in topical therapy [3]. Widely used topical formulations are ointments, creams, gels, lotions, pastes, powders and plasters which offers several advantages such as good patient compliance, ease of applying ...
Drug Safety 24: 255
Drug Safety 24: 255

... sildenafil and ED). The key words used in the search were: sildenafil, erectile dysfunction, impotence. The second step was a ‘hand search’ of the available publications, mostly based on examination of reference lists from articles found on Medline. Additional data were also acquired through a searc ...
What can whole genome expression data tell us about the ecology
What can whole genome expression data tell us about the ecology

... The fact that gene expression is a phenotype and represents an instantaneous snapshot of the proteins that are being made in that specific tissue at that particular time means that great care must be taken when selecting the time and location of sampling. Studying the molecular basis of behavioural ...
Experimental Treatments for Leptomeningeal Metastases From
Experimental Treatments for Leptomeningeal Metastases From

... Adoptive T-cell therapy using autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has emerged as a promising therapy for advanced solid tumors. TIL therapy has resulted in response rates of approximately 50% in patients with refractory melanoma.36 However, few data are available on the intrathecal admi ...
Phase 1 study to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy
Phase 1 study to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy

... therapy [4]. Seven year data of the IRIS trial report on 82% of patients achieving a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), overall survival (OS) at 7 years is 86% [5]. However, complete molecular remission (CMR) is only achieved in a minority of patients. Moreover, in a subset of patients the effica ...
Heads Up: and Your Body Real News About Drugs
Heads Up: and Your Body Real News About Drugs

... judgment and can impair his or her ability to drive. For those who use it regularly, it can lead to poor academic performance, or even addiction. So how does marijuana have such a big impact on a person’s ability to function? Scientists have asked themselves that question for a long time. And after ...
Action - جامعة الكوفة
Action - جامعة الكوفة

... 1- Alpha adreoceptors These receptors show a weak response to the synthetic agonist isoproterenol, but they are responsive to the to the naturally occurring catecholamines epinephrine and norepinphrine. These are located on, blood platelets, fat cells and neurons in the brain. Alpha receptor are sub ...
Development of Room Temperature Stable Formulation of
Development of Room Temperature Stable Formulation of

... hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI) for lung delivery. The HFA pMDI were prepared from ozone friendly propellants viz, tetrafluoroethane and/or heptafluoropropane. A HFA based formulation of formoterol fumarate/ beclomethasone dipropionate was developed to deliver 6 +100 ...
Study of Sustained Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Azelnidipine
Study of Sustained Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Azelnidipine

... both morning and evening home BP were measured before and after azelnidipine treatment. At baseline, 5.7 % (n = 120), 2.8 % (n = 58), 20.4 % (n = 429), and 71.1 % (n = 1,494) of patients were classified as having normal BP, normal BP with a morning BP surge pattern, morning-predominant hypertension, ...
Herb-medicine interactions: St John`s wort
Herb-medicine interactions: St John`s wort

... authorisation. They are supplied as herbal remedies exempt from licensing under the Medicines Act, and no medical claims are permitted. Evidence from controlled clinical trials suggests that St John’s wort extracts are effective in the treatment of mild to moderate depression, and may be as effectiv ...
Drugs for Parasitic Infections (2013 Edition)
Drugs for Parasitic Infections (2013 Edition)

... Symptoms of B. microti infection typically are mild to moderate and are treated with atovaquone plus azithromycin (PJ Krause et al, N Engl J Med 2000; 343:1454). Clindamycin plus quinine is recommended for severe symptoms with B. microti infection and for all B. divergens infections (GP Wormser et a ...
Computer-Aided Drug Design of Bioactive Natural Products (PDF
Computer-Aided Drug Design of Bioactive Natural Products (PDF

... Abstract: Natural products have been an integral part of sustaining civilizations because of their medicinal properties. Past discoveries of bioactive natural products have relied on serendipity, and these compounds serve as inspiration for the generation of analogs with desired physicochemical prop ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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