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A Dangerous Triad: Sertraline, Mirtazapine and Methadone
A Dangerous Triad: Sertraline, Mirtazapine and Methadone

... A number of case reports describe the development of serotonin syndrome after the addition of opiateanalgesics, such as oxycodone, pentazocine, and morphine, to a serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Our patient’s admission drug regimen was notable for including three potent serotonergic ag ...
Dilantin Suspension LPD Version 2.0
Dilantin Suspension LPD Version 2.0

... A number of reports suggest an association between the use of anticonvulsant drugs by women with epilepsy and a higher incidence of birth defects in children born to these women. Data are more extensive with respect to phenytoin and phenobarbital, but these are also the most commonly prescribed anti ...
Genetics Part I
Genetics Part I

... It is important to note that it is not possible to directly observe an individual's genotype. We can only observe the phenotype and infer the genotype. This learning activity is opposite to real life. However, we do it this way to learn how to decode genotypes. If we treat each allele independently, ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)

... phase was done based on the peak parameters, (symmetry, theoretical plates and capacity factor) ease of preparation and cost. Symmetrical peaks with good separation (retention time montelukast 3.08min) was obtained with C8 column using mobile phase buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 35:65 v/v a ...
ICH, WHO AND SUPAC GUIDELINES  ICH GUIDELINES
ICH, WHO AND SUPAC GUIDELINES ICH GUIDELINES

... place to enable the modification of existing guidelines (Revision Procedure), as well as to assist in their implementation (Q&A Procedure). ...
Enhancement of psychostimulant effect and development of
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... Alena Machalova 1,2, Karel Slais 1,2, Dagmar Vrskova 1,2, Alexandra Sulcova 1,2 ...
LAB #17: Population Genetics and Evolution
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Joydip Das, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical
Joydip Das, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical

...

  The mechanism of action of acamprosate in maintenance of alcohol abstinence is not completely understood. Because of structural similarities with γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), it was hypothesized that acamprosate may act as a GABA-mimic or otherwise mo ...

Oncobiguanides: Paracelsus’ law and nonconventional routes
Oncobiguanides: Paracelsus’ law and nonconventional routes

... within the range of concentrations associated with lifethreatening MTX toxicity), are used for the treatment of cancer. MTX is therefore used as an “onco drug” at doses up to 1,000-fold higher than those employed chronically for separate indications in immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis an ...
the PDF - NEOMED Institute
the PDF - NEOMED Institute

... Vanilloid receptor (TrpV1) antagonists were explored about a decade ago by many biopharmaceutical companies. Most trials failed because of two common side effects: dysregulation of body temperature (hyperthermia) and reduced ability to sense high temperatures, which could have resulted in burn injur ...
7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype
7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype

... 7.1 Chromosomes and Phenotype • Many human genetic disorders are caused by autosomal genes, and can be predicted the same as flower color, or Pea shape • Autosomal genetic disorders: disorders that have no relation to the sex of an individual • Can be male or female in equal porportions Ex: Albinis ...
A
A

... overused. Patients at times prefer preventive medication, because the risk of a migraine is too great. Preventive medication is used in some less common types of migraine, such as hemiplegic migraine, basilar migraine, migraine with prolonged aura, or migrainous infarction.7 Lipton et al have shown ...
PRODUCT INFORMATION ZINNAT
PRODUCT INFORMATION ZINNAT

... compared with that of the fasting state and tend to cancel the effect of enhanced absorption after food. In common with other antibiotics, cefuroxime axetil may affect the gut flora, leading to lower oestrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral contraceptives. It is recommended that ...
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... Antiepileptics inhibit the neuronal discharge or its spread in one or more of the following ways: (1) Enhancing GABA synaptic transmission: barbiturates, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, levetiracetam, tiagabine, vigabatrin, topiramate, valproate; the result is increased permeability to chloride ion, ...
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... quality of life. To establish the effectiveness of an IND or a new regimen containing an IND, these end points are assessed in comparison with a reference arm, the standard treatment for the disease [1]. These processes are costly, time-consuming and require considerable patient resources, but only ...
Requirements for Driving Antipathogen Effector Genes into
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... and Akbari 2016). One such approach uses genes encoding enzymes (nucleases) that recognize and cleave a specific DNA sequence (Burt 2003). If the gene is inserted in the middle of its own recognition sequence, thereby protecting the chromosome it is on from being cut, then it can catalyze the homing ...
The hidden complexity of Mendelian traits across yeast
The hidden complexity of Mendelian traits across yeast

... associations with other co-segregating traits (acetate and 6-azauracil) were previously unknown. Causal genes related to acetate and 6-azauracil were suspected to be in close genetic proximity with the ENA locus, however the precise identities of these genes remained unclear. For cases related to Cu ...
CHLOROMYCETIN CAPSULES
CHLOROMYCETIN CAPSULES

... It is essential that adequate hematologic functions be closely monitored during treatment with the drug. While hematologic determinations may detect early peripheral hematologic changes, such as leukopenia, reticulocytopenia, or granulocytopenia, before they become irreversible, such determinations ...
Flunixin Injection
Flunixin Injection

... concentration/time profile following IV administration2. In healthy cattle, total body clearance has been reported to range from 90 to 151 mL/kg/hr2-5. These studies also report a large discrepancy between the volume of distribution at steady state (VSS) and the volume of distribution associated wit ...
Corticosteroids in sports-related injuries: Friend or Foe
Corticosteroids in sports-related injuries: Friend or Foe

... designs, using human and animal subjects, examining different clinical conditions’ response to local corticosteroid injections, have been performed. For the purpose of this paper, the most commonly studied conditions (tendinopathies and muscle strains) will be discussed in relation to current litera ...
Pharmacotherapy Treatment Options for Insomnia
Pharmacotherapy Treatment Options for Insomnia

... * SOI (Sleep Onset Insomnia); SMI (Sleep Maintenance Insomnia); Resources used for data—see references [20,21,24–26,32,37,40,42]. ...
current therapeutic options and evolving therapies for chronic stable
current therapeutic options and evolving therapies for chronic stable

... calcium channel antagonist can be added, depending on the patient’s clinical characteristics. If symptoms continue, triple therapy may be necessary, provided there are no contraindications.2 NONPHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENTS FOR CCS/CSA ...
New Pharmacotherapies for Type 2 Diabetes Learning Objectives
New Pharmacotherapies for Type 2 Diabetes Learning Objectives

... 2010 (CDC 2011). Regardless of the health care setting, today’s clinical pharmacist is faced with many challenges and responsibilities to minimize the impact of this disease on patients and health care resources. New therapeutic agents, older drugs with new indications to treat hyperglycemia, changi ...
SHORT COMMUNICATION One-step multiplex RT-PCR
SHORT COMMUNICATION One-step multiplex RT-PCR

... The patient who was negative for BCR/ABL had clinical features and peripheral blood film suggestive of chronic myeloproliferative disease. Her condition was complicated by carcinoma of the breast that developed later. The use of conventional cytogenetic analysis has complemented PCR at initial diagn ...
Summary of Product Characteristics
Summary of Product Characteristics

... rising and before mealtimes). The usual duration of action of a dose is 3 to 4 hours in the daytime but a longer effect (6 hours) is often obtained with a dose taken on retiring for bed. The total daily dose is usually in the range of 5 – 20 tablets but doses higher than these may be needed by some ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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