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Understanding Research
Understanding Research

... When the Phase III trials are complete and if they are successful, the drug company can send their research to the FDA and apply for drug ...
Genetics
Genetics

... • Carrier – an individual of heterozygous makeup that carriers, and therefore can pass on, a disease causing allele but doesn’t express that trait • Test cross – when an individual of known phenotype but unknown genotype (AA or Aa) is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual in order to determ ...
human clinical trials
human clinical trials

... Human clinical trials are an important component of the research process. ans used most often in developing prescription drugs. There are three major phases of clinical trials that begin after a pharmaceutical firm files an IND or investigational new drug application with the FDA. The IDN shows the ...
Writing a Hospital Prescription
Writing a Hospital Prescription

... 1. Fill in demographic information, date, chart number etc 2. Check allergies and fill in 3. Prescribe antibiotics (checking for allergies) [!WARNING: many antibiotics contain penicillin e.g. amoxicillin/ flucloxacillin/ampicillin, co-amoxiclav, augmentin, tazocin etc] 4. Prescribe other new medicat ...
oxycodone
oxycodone

...  Unlike most drugs associated with the US’ drug problems, oxycodone is technically legal  Used primarily for medical purposes after release from hospital care for a procedure for pain  Unlike morphine and heroin, oxycodone can be ...
Tuberous Sclerosis Panel
Tuberous Sclerosis Panel

... [PATIENT_FIRST_NAME] is a [PATIENT_AGE] year-old [PATIENT_GENDER] suspected to have tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Additionally, [HIS_HER] family history is notable for [FAMILIY HISTORY]. Based on [PATIENT_FIRST_NAME]’s clinical symptoms and results of the routine diagnostic tests suggest a diagn ...
Express Scripts Drug Information & Wellness Center Drug Information Updates
Express Scripts Drug Information & Wellness Center Drug Information Updates

... Drug Information Question A patient states that they cannot take albuterol due to the development of hives, but they tolerate levalbuterol (Xopenex) with no complications. Is there any evidence that supports that this could be related to the active ingredient? Micromedex DrugDex states that a hypers ...
Bob-Holland-Presentation
Bob-Holland-Presentation

... > 110 genomic markers in current drug labels! http://www.fda.gov/drugs/scienceresearch/researchareas/pharmacogene tics/ucm083378.htm Well described processes for biomarker “qualification” – i.e. describing the amount of information required about the marker for information to be included in the labe ...
bisoprolol - DavisPlus
bisoprolol - DavisPlus

... Advise patient to carry identification describing disease process and medication regimen at all times. Hypertension: Reinforce the need to continue additional therapies for hypertension (weight loss, sodium restriction, stress reduction, regular exercise, moderation of alcohol consumption, and smoki ...
Investigator-Initiated, Pharma-Sponsored Clinical Trials in Human
Investigator-Initiated, Pharma-Sponsored Clinical Trials in Human

... • Single-arm, phase 2 trials using marketed drugs to treat a cancer different from that indicated in the approved labeling and using doses and schedules similar to those in the marketed drug labeling • Phase 1 oncology trials of marketed drugs if such therapy is appropriate for the patient populatio ...
PTCB PRACTICE TEST - Pharmacy Technician Educators
PTCB PRACTICE TEST - Pharmacy Technician Educators

... It’s intended for individuals who cannot take anything by mouth It’s an IV admixture with multiple ingredients, including glucose and protein It’s administered by mouth, so aseptic technique is not a concern ...
WLHS / Biology / Monson Name Date Per READING GUIDE: 17.1
WLHS / Biology / Monson Name Date Per READING GUIDE: 17.1

... controlled by 2 alleles: R and r, which follow the rule of simple dominance at a single locus. The condition affects only homozygous recessive individuals. (the heterozygous phenotype shows no symptoms). The population you are studying has a population size of 10,000 and there are 36 individuals aff ...
READING GUIDE: 17.1 – Genes and Variation (p. 482
READING GUIDE: 17.1 – Genes and Variation (p. 482

... controlled by 2 alleles: R and r, which follow the rule of simple dominance at a single locus. The condition affects only homozygous recessive individuals. (the heterozygous phenotype shows no symptoms). The population you are studying has a population size of 10,000 and there are 36 individuals aff ...
Memantine
Memantine

... In addition to the general side effects listed in the disclaimer, the most common side effects from Namenda are  dizziness, confusion, headache and constipation. The dose should be reduced if there is any kidney damage.  Because the medication undergoes minimal change in the body, it is less likely  ...
Document
Document

... of herpes virus replication. Acyclovir conversion to nucleotide analog only in virus infected cells  very little harm to uninfected cells! ...
Psychopharmacological Treatment of Geriatric Disorders
Psychopharmacological Treatment of Geriatric Disorders

...  Possible regional decline in metabolic rate  Appearance of senile plaque & ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Non parametric testing (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test; p<0.01 for class comparisons with Benjamini correction; p<0.05 for modular analyses with no multiple testing corrections) was used to rank genes based on their ability to discriminate among pre-specified groups of patients. 9,477 genes passing th ...
SHEET L.14 SLIDE 5 (IV drug preparation guidelines)
SHEET L.14 SLIDE 5 (IV drug preparation guidelines)

... written on the label (Don't use for more than 5 days) because it directly causes GI bleeding. Ketorolac isn't available here and it's considered of the Protocol NSAIDs The second to go after ketorolac regarding side effects is (Indomethacin) ...
Drug Discovery and Development
Drug Discovery and Development

... • Phase I :  Drug is tested on healthy volunteers , • P/K , P/D (biological effects) ,tolerability, safety,  efficacy. • To determine safe clinical dose range. • If drug is expected to have significant toxicity,  volunteers with that disease are taken rather  than healthy volunteers, ( anti‐cancer,  ...
Patient Rights/Patient Care - Pharmacy Jobs, Pharmacist
Patient Rights/Patient Care - Pharmacy Jobs, Pharmacist

... e. 1 tablet by mouth at bedtime 18. Which of the following statements regarding patient confidentiality are true? a. It is inappropriate to discuss a patient in public areas (i.e., elevator, cafeteria) A patient’s profile in the computer system should only be accessed when needed to b. perform tasks ...
Questions for Term Test #2
Questions for Term Test #2

... 3. Which one of the following statements best describes drugs classified as partial receptor agonists? a. Partial agonists are prodrugs that split into full agonists in the body b. Full agonists are more potent than partial agonists c. Partial agonists have less efficacy than full agonists d. Partia ...
Original
Original

... Random pairing of gametes – every organism makes so many gametes.. it’s random which ones will pair up ...
March 1, 2005 - Ambry Genetics
March 1, 2005 - Ambry Genetics

... In 2012, the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) published a statement regarding the clinical application of genomic sequencing, stating; “The ACMG recognizes that genomic sequencing approaches can be of great value in the clinical evaluation of individuals with suspected germline genetic di ...
The Patient Drug Information System
The Patient Drug Information System

... For the patient it provides a visible reference outlining the information the pharmacist is committed to review with the patient during the dialogue process. It offers a format through which the pharmacist can provide selective information based on a professional assessment of the patient's needs. F ...
Drug Interactions - Dumfries and Galloway Prescribing Support Team
Drug Interactions - Dumfries and Galloway Prescribing Support Team

... Assess need for NSAID. Try simple analgesics e.g. regular paracetamol. If NSAID required; ibuprofen is associated with lowest GI risk of nonselective NSAID’s.2 Use NSAIDs at lowest effective dose for shortest possible time.2 Avoid concomitant use. Consider other antibiotics.2 If sulphonamide antibio ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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