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Medication Use in the Elderly
Medication Use in the Elderly

... More chronic medical conditions = more medications Patient and prescriber’s need to “do something” even for common ailments with no cure Doctor shopping-often for the same problem ...
05 Evolutionary Mechanisms
05 Evolutionary Mechanisms

... Genetic mutations create new alleles or change an existing one into another, thereby changing the frequency of both alleles. Gene duplications are the main source of new genetic material, as extra copies they are free to mutate with less likelihood of causing harm. Mutations occur as 1 in 10000 in a ...
Drug Name Valproate, Sodium Valproate
Drug Name Valproate, Sodium Valproate

... Anticonvulsant, Neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, migraine Adult doses Epilepsy: initially 15mg/kg in divided doses increasing at twice weekly intervals by 200mg according to response. Maintenance dose rarely > 40mg/kg Bipolar Disorder: 500-2000mg daily Migraine Prophylaxis: 200-400mg bd Neuropath ...
July 2013
July 2013

... Not to be used for dementia-related behaviour problems unless non-drug options have failed and the older adult is a danger to self or others. All antipsychotics are associated with an increased stroke and mortality risk when used to treat behavioural problems in the elderly with dementia. There are ...
Midodrine Information Leaflet
Midodrine Information Leaflet

...  Renal Function  Heart rate  Liver Function Tests Drug interactions Cardiac Glycosides ...
WTBD2004 31 Investing in new tools for TB control
WTBD2004 31 Investing in new tools for TB control

-more- Pfizer Receives Complete Response Letter From FDA For
-more- Pfizer Receives Complete Response Letter From FDA For

... This is very important when an antidepressant is started or when the dose is changed. Patients should be watched for becoming agitated, irritable, hostile, aggressive, impulsive, or restless. These symptoms should be reported to the patient’s health care professional right away. ...
ISMP Medication Safety Alert - Institute For Safe Medication Practices
ISMP Medication Safety Alert - Institute For Safe Medication Practices

... Problem ...
Lecture6- GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
Lecture6- GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY

... By the end of this lecture, students should: why the drugs should be metabolized  Recognize the importance of biotransformation  Know the different sites for drug metabolism  Define the major phase I and phase II metabolic reactions.  Describe the modulation of liver microsomal enzymes by induc ...
Drug Misuse, Abuse and Addiction
Drug Misuse, Abuse and Addiction

... “idea” of addiction to describe an activity they really enjoy or have a hard time stopping or not doing. O They may use it lightly or in a joking way. O When talking about drug ...
week2pm
week2pm

... pass into bloodstream and reach site of action; intestine is more basic absorption favored if the drug is nonionized and more lipophilic ...
GERD template word AK 1013
GERD template word AK 1013

... Con: Adverse effects of diarrhea, flatulence and abdominal pain. Possible decrease efficacy of drugs requiring acid environment for dissolution/absorption. NOTE: Low dosing decreases these possibilities. ...
Metabolism Phase-I
Metabolism Phase-I

... What phase-II reactions do to drug molecule? What are the main reactions involved in phase-I? What are the main reactions involved in phase-II? Mention 5 differences between products of phase-I and phase-II reactions regarding: m.wt, pharmacological activity, toxicity. Why metabolites of phase-II ca ...
Controlled Substance Tools and Guidelines for APRNs
Controlled Substance Tools and Guidelines for APRNs

...  Visiting the ER for prescriptions  Claiming to have lost prescriptions or medications  Discussing opioids to the exclusion of all else during visits; not keeping visits other than to receive opioids; not following through on therapy other than opioids  Pseudoaddiction: Pattern of medication-see ...
Genetic Vocabulary - Renton School District
Genetic Vocabulary - Renton School District

... • Recessive – the weaker gene; appears in the phenotype only when homozygous ...
to see the full press release
to see the full press release

... biotechnology company focused on developing novel medicines for back of the eye disease, today announces that the Office of Biotechnology Products of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new already-diluted formulation of its JETREA® (ocriplasmin). The new formulation of JETREA ...
BIOM 255: Molecular basis of drug action and disease therapy
BIOM 255: Molecular basis of drug action and disease therapy

... critical goal of personalized medicine is to address this need for each individual. Identifying the right drug for the right patient at the right dose and time promises to revolutionize the treatment of disease while also improving drug safety. Pharmacologythe scientific discipline that seeks to des ...
Report Template for Positive Diagnosis Result
Report Template for Positive Diagnosis Result

... WXS was performed in a research environment to screen the coding portion of the subject’s genome (exome) for DNA sequence variants in genes known to cause colon cancer and/or polyps. Sequence variants in a set of non-colon cancer or polyposis related ‘actionable genes’ were also identified by this a ...
silodosin (si-lo-do-sin) - DavisPlus
silodosin (si-lo-do-sin) - DavisPlus

... tamins, or herbal products being taken and consult health care professional before taking any new medications, especially cough, cold, or allergy remedies. Instruct patient to notify health care professional of medication regimen before any surgery. Patients planning cataract surgery should notify o ...
File - YouTube : ​Medical Academic Team BAU
File - YouTube : ​Medical Academic Team BAU

... Not always required prior to early studies in man unless there is a high suspicion that the drug could be carcinogenic e.g. suspicion of mutagenicity; highly reactive groups on drug; histopathological abnormalities… Required if the use of drug in man for more than one year or +ve mutagenic test ...
ِِAntipsychotic Drugs
ِِAntipsychotic Drugs

... • The first effective drug to be used for the treatment of schizophrenia was chlorpromazine then a wide range of drug with differing potency and side effect profile has been introduced it is better to become familiar with small range of these drugs that will cover differing situations. ...
Effectively Breaking the Cycle of Drugs and Crime
Effectively Breaking the Cycle of Drugs and Crime

... If It’s Not Voluntary ...
Do Pharmacists Need Problem-Solving Skills?
Do Pharmacists Need Problem-Solving Skills?

... Cure a disease Eliminate or reduce patient symptoms Arrest of slow disease progression Prevent disease or symptoms Normalize a physiologic parameter ...
History
History

... A set of regulations governing the methods used in conducting nonclinical laboratory studies intended to support applications for research or marketing permits for FDA-regulated products. ...
Aminosalicylates - Crohn`s | Colitis
Aminosalicylates - Crohn`s | Colitis

... Medical treatment for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis has two main goals: achieving remission (control or resolution of inflammation leading to symptom resolution) and then maintaining remission. The aminosalicylate (5-ASA) drugs are one treatment class used in the management of IBD. However, ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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