Biology Facts
... DNA is arranged in a double helix – has 2 strands and twists like a ladder Replication – process in which DNA makes a copy of itself – it unzips and free bases attach following the base pair rule. DNA holds the code for the making of proteins needed for life. Three bases in a row is a codon that cod ...
... DNA is arranged in a double helix – has 2 strands and twists like a ladder Replication – process in which DNA makes a copy of itself – it unzips and free bases attach following the base pair rule. DNA holds the code for the making of proteins needed for life. Three bases in a row is a codon that cod ...
Document
... stranded unlike DNA’s double helix • RNA has the sugar _________ rather than deoxyribose in its backbone • RNA contains the nitrogenous base ___________ instead of thymine (T) ...
... stranded unlike DNA’s double helix • RNA has the sugar _________ rather than deoxyribose in its backbone • RNA contains the nitrogenous base ___________ instead of thymine (T) ...
BioSem2ExamReview - MrCarlsonsBiologyClass
... 21) Which results in the doubling of the number of chromosomes in a plant and creates a new plant species? ...
... 21) Which results in the doubling of the number of chromosomes in a plant and creates a new plant species? ...
Strand 3 - Biological Sciences
... D. body 16. Body cells divide by which of the following processes? A. fertilization B. mitosis C. meiosis D. mating 17. Prior to cell division the DNA will make an exact copy of itself. This is called? A. translation B. transcription C. replication D. transformation 18. Which of the following bases ...
... D. body 16. Body cells divide by which of the following processes? A. fertilization B. mitosis C. meiosis D. mating 17. Prior to cell division the DNA will make an exact copy of itself. This is called? A. translation B. transcription C. replication D. transformation 18. Which of the following bases ...
Strand 3 - Biological Sciences
... C. maintaining a constant body temperature for all organisms D. period of time when no changes occur 7. A cell is placed in a solution of distilled water. If left overnight this cell will A. shrivel and die B. swell and burst C. undergo plasmolysis D. remain the same 8. Both plants and animals need ...
... C. maintaining a constant body temperature for all organisms D. period of time when no changes occur 7. A cell is placed in a solution of distilled water. If left overnight this cell will A. shrivel and die B. swell and burst C. undergo plasmolysis D. remain the same 8. Both plants and animals need ...
Biology - Zanichelli online per la scuola
... Gene: a specific segment of DNA that contains information for making a protein. All the cells of a multicellular organism have the same genome, yet different cells have different functions and structures. Different cells are expressing different parts of the genome. ...
... Gene: a specific segment of DNA that contains information for making a protein. All the cells of a multicellular organism have the same genome, yet different cells have different functions and structures. Different cells are expressing different parts of the genome. ...
Science - B3 Revision
... there were two chains wound in a helix Chemical data indicated that the bases occurred in pairs. New discoveries, such as Watson and Crick’s, are not accepted or rewarded immediately ◦ Shows the importance of other scientists repeating or testing the work to get the same results ...
... there were two chains wound in a helix Chemical data indicated that the bases occurred in pairs. New discoveries, such as Watson and Crick’s, are not accepted or rewarded immediately ◦ Shows the importance of other scientists repeating or testing the work to get the same results ...
Document
... water to cells. 2) Discuss active vs. passive transport, diffusion, osmosis, and semipermeable membranes. 3) Given solution concentrations and different types of cells, students should be able to predict any changes that may or may not occur. What are enzymes? What are enzymes used for? How can you ...
... water to cells. 2) Discuss active vs. passive transport, diffusion, osmosis, and semipermeable membranes. 3) Given solution concentrations and different types of cells, students should be able to predict any changes that may or may not occur. What are enzymes? What are enzymes used for? How can you ...
Biology - Gorman Learning Center
... d.* how to use data on frequency of recombination at meiosis to estimate genetic distances between loci, and to interpret genetic maps of chromosomes. 4. Genes are a set of instructions, encoded in the DNA sequence of each organism that specify the sequence of amino acids in proteins characteristic ...
... d.* how to use data on frequency of recombination at meiosis to estimate genetic distances between loci, and to interpret genetic maps of chromosomes. 4. Genes are a set of instructions, encoded in the DNA sequence of each organism that specify the sequence of amino acids in proteins characteristic ...
1 - MrMBiology
... b. The will of the individual c. The Hardy-Weinberg d. Environment e. Fate 77. *D Which is Not true about gene mutations? a. All are transmitted to the next generation b. They are rare but their rates can be predicted c. Those with beneficial effects will be favored by natural selection d. Many redu ...
... b. The will of the individual c. The Hardy-Weinberg d. Environment e. Fate 77. *D Which is Not true about gene mutations? a. All are transmitted to the next generation b. They are rare but their rates can be predicted c. Those with beneficial effects will be favored by natural selection d. Many redu ...
Development and Apoptosis
... Body Plans of Eukaryotes In any multicellular organism, development is controlled and coordinated and, more often than not, cells end up where they are meant to be. The development follows a body plan and is under genetic control. The genes which control the body plan are called homeobox genes. Home ...
... Body Plans of Eukaryotes In any multicellular organism, development is controlled and coordinated and, more often than not, cells end up where they are meant to be. The development follows a body plan and is under genetic control. The genes which control the body plan are called homeobox genes. Home ...
Chapter 16 - Recombinant DNA
... Recombinant DNA • What is the basis of recombinant DNA technology? • How does one “clone” a gene? • How are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) created? • Illustration using CFTR gene ...
... Recombinant DNA • What is the basis of recombinant DNA technology? • How does one “clone” a gene? • How are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) created? • Illustration using CFTR gene ...
EOC Review Powerpoint
... mRNA strand is produced from a segment of DNA • mRNA then leaves nucleus to be read by ribosomes ...
... mRNA strand is produced from a segment of DNA • mRNA then leaves nucleus to be read by ribosomes ...
syllabus - Hudson Area Schools
... Hudson Area Schools Course Syllabus an individual, and a single gene can influence more than one trait. Before a cell divides, this genetic information must be copied and apportioned evenly into the daughter cells. B4.2 DNA The genetic information encoded in DNA molecules provides instructions for ...
... Hudson Area Schools Course Syllabus an individual, and a single gene can influence more than one trait. Before a cell divides, this genetic information must be copied and apportioned evenly into the daughter cells. B4.2 DNA The genetic information encoded in DNA molecules provides instructions for ...
Fact you need to know to pass the Living Environment Regents
... 48. If the gametes each have 23 chromosomes, then what does their zygote have? _____________________ 49. _____________________ -the process that transforms developing cells into specialized cells with different structures and functions. 50. females –ovaries, hormones p_____________________, e_______ ...
... 48. If the gametes each have 23 chromosomes, then what does their zygote have? _____________________ 49. _____________________ -the process that transforms developing cells into specialized cells with different structures and functions. 50. females –ovaries, hormones p_____________________, e_______ ...
EOC Review All Content
... • Occurs in nucleus • Complementary mRNA strand is produced from a segment of DNA ...
... • Occurs in nucleus • Complementary mRNA strand is produced from a segment of DNA ...
Name Date ______ Hour ______ Living Things Study Guide 1
... grain from another flower of the same species lands on the stigma (cross-pollination) 25. Describe how fertilization takes place in a flower. Sperm is found in the pollen. After the pollen lands on the stigma, a tube grows from the pollen grain. The tube grows through the style to the ovule. The pol ...
... grain from another flower of the same species lands on the stigma (cross-pollination) 25. Describe how fertilization takes place in a flower. Sperm is found in the pollen. After the pollen lands on the stigma, a tube grows from the pollen grain. The tube grows through the style to the ovule. The pol ...
Biology Top 101 - Magnolia High School
... • Error in cell growth with causes uncontrolled cell growth • Has environment and genetic variables ...
... • Error in cell growth with causes uncontrolled cell growth • Has environment and genetic variables ...
Facts you need to know to pass the Living Environment
... 59.Any trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions is said to have ____________ __________. 60.The failure to adapt to a changing environment may result in the ______of a species. 61. ______________ is the disappearance of an entire species. 62.Ex ...
... 59.Any trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions is said to have ____________ __________. 60.The failure to adapt to a changing environment may result in the ______of a species. 61. ______________ is the disappearance of an entire species. 62.Ex ...
Biology Top 105
... • Error in cell growth with causes uncontrolled cell growth • Has environment and genetic variables ...
... • Error in cell growth with causes uncontrolled cell growth • Has environment and genetic variables ...
Biology 2011-2012
... Mitosis = PMAT (Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) Interphase occurs during longest part of cell’s life. G1, S (synthesis of DNA), G2. Is not part of mitosis. DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA structure = Sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous base. (nucleotide) Nucleotides form long structu ...
... Mitosis = PMAT (Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) Interphase occurs during longest part of cell’s life. G1, S (synthesis of DNA), G2. Is not part of mitosis. DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA structure = Sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous base. (nucleotide) Nucleotides form long structu ...
Identify on a cell model or diagram an organelles and be able to
... • Immature RBCs do at first but they go away. It allows the red blood cell to contain more hemoglobin and, therefore, carry more oxygen molecules. It also allows the cell to have its distinctive bi-concave shape which aids diffusion. This shape would not be possible if the cell had a nucleus in the ...
... • Immature RBCs do at first but they go away. It allows the red blood cell to contain more hemoglobin and, therefore, carry more oxygen molecules. It also allows the cell to have its distinctive bi-concave shape which aids diffusion. This shape would not be possible if the cell had a nucleus in the ...
Introduction to genetics
Genetics is the study of genes — what they are, what they do, and how they work. Genes are made up of molecules inside the nucleus of a cell that are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit phenotypic traits, (features) determined by the genes they received from their parents and thereby going back through the generations. For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes. Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation. In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell - gene expression; and how a cell divides - mitosis or meiosis.Some phenotypic traits can be seen, such as eye color while others can only be detected, such as blood type or intelligence. Traits determined by genes can be modified by the animal's surroundings (environment): for example, the general design of a tiger's stripes is inherited, but the specific stripe pattern is determined by the tiger's surroundings. Another example is a person's height: it is determined by both genetics and nutrition.Genes are made of DNA, which is divided into separate pieces called chromosomes. Humans have 46: 23 pairs, though this number varies between species, for example many primates have 24 pairs. Meiosis creates special cells, sperm in males and eggs in females, which only have 23 chromosomes. These two cells merge into one during the fertilization stage of sexual reproduction, creating a zygote in which a nucleic acid double helix divides, with each single helix occupying one of the daughter cells, resulting in half the normal number of genes. The zygote then divides into four daughter cells by which time genetic recombination has created a new embryo with 23 pairs of chromosomes, half from each parent. Mating and resultant mate choice result in sexual selection. In normal cell division (mitosis) is possible when the double helix separates, and a complement of each separated half is made, resulting in two identical double helices in one cell, with each occupying one of the two new daughter cells created when the cell divides.Chromosomes all contain four nucleotides, abbreviated C (cytosine), G (guanine), A (adenine), or T (thymine), which line up in a particular sequence and make a long string. There are two strings of nucleotides coiled around one another in each chromosome: a double helix. C on one string is always opposite from G on the other string; A is always opposite T. There are about 3.2 billion nucleotide pairs on all the human chromosomes: this is the human genome. The order of the nucleotides carries genetic information, whose rules are defined by the genetic code, similar to how the order of letters on a page of text carries information. Three nucleotides in a row - a triplet - carry one unit of information: a codon. The genetic code not only controls inheritance: it also controls gene expression, which occurs when a portion of the double helix is uncoiled, exposing a series of the nucleotides, which are within the interior of the DNA. This series of exposed triplets (codons) carries the information to allow machinery in the cell to ""read"" the codons on the exposed DNA, which results in the making of RNA molecules. RNA in turn makes either amino acids or microRNA, which are responsible for all of the structure and function of a living organism; i.e. they determine all the features of the cell and thus the entire individual. Closing the uncoiled segment turns off the gene. Heritability means the information in a given gene is not always exactly the same in every individual in that species, so the same gene in different individuals does not give exactly the same instructions. Each unique form of a single gene is called an allele; different forms are collectively called polymorphisms. As an example, one allele for the gene for hair color and skin cell pigmentation could instruct the body to produce black pigment, producing black hair and pigmented skin; while a different allele of the same gene in a different individual could give garbled instructions that would result in a failure to produce any pigment, giving white hair and no pigmented skin: albinism. Mutations are random changes in genes creating new alleles, which in turn produce new traits, which could help, harm, or have no new effect on the individual's likelihood of survival; thus, mutations are the basis for evolution.