EFFECTS OF ACUTE COMBINED INHALATION EXPOSURE TO n
... exposed to vapours of n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture consisting of 50 Vol-% n-butyl alcohol and 50 Vol-% n-butyl acetate in a dynamic inhalation chamber (volume of 1.3 m 3) for 4 hours. Vapours of n-butyl alcohol and n-butyl acetate were generated by heating of liquid solvents in ...
... exposed to vapours of n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture consisting of 50 Vol-% n-butyl alcohol and 50 Vol-% n-butyl acetate in a dynamic inhalation chamber (volume of 1.3 m 3) for 4 hours. Vapours of n-butyl alcohol and n-butyl acetate were generated by heating of liquid solvents in ...
Additivity and Interactions in Ecotoxicity of Pollutant Mixtures: Some
... how their information may be integrated, as well as the possibility of prediction of synergism. Inside the box, the main question remaining is whether it is worthy to consider departures ...
... how their information may be integrated, as well as the possibility of prediction of synergism. Inside the box, the main question remaining is whether it is worthy to consider departures ...
Drain Cleaners
... Hazards associated with exposure to drain cleaner products will be largely due to the high concentration of corrosive sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in these products. Products currently sold in New Zealand fall into two broad categories; crystals containing approximately 55-60% NaOH and liquids or gels co ...
... Hazards associated with exposure to drain cleaner products will be largely due to the high concentration of corrosive sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in these products. Products currently sold in New Zealand fall into two broad categories; crystals containing approximately 55-60% NaOH and liquids or gels co ...
4-chloroaniline - World Health Organization
... The primary objective of CICADs is characterization of hazard and dose–response from exposure to a chemical. CICADs are not a summary of all available data on a particular chemical; rather, they include only that information considered critical for characterization of the risk posed by the chemical. ...
... The primary objective of CICADs is characterization of hazard and dose–response from exposure to a chemical. CICADs are not a summary of all available data on a particular chemical; rather, they include only that information considered critical for characterization of the risk posed by the chemical. ...
Nanomaterials in the aquatic environment: A
... methods are available for some, but not all, NM characteristics, and each additional characterization technique raises the cost and increases the time required for the ecotoxicity test. One challenge is that there is a lack of characterization methods for detecting and quantifying NMs in complex env ...
... methods are available for some, but not all, NM characteristics, and each additional characterization technique raises the cost and increases the time required for the ecotoxicity test. One challenge is that there is a lack of characterization methods for detecting and quantifying NMs in complex env ...
CNS Toxicity
... disturbances and intellectual impairment Histology: gliosis and loss of neurons in basal ganglia ...
... disturbances and intellectual impairment Histology: gliosis and loss of neurons in basal ganglia ...
CNSToxicity
... disturbances and intellectual impairment Histology: gliosis and loss of neurons in basal ganglia ...
... disturbances and intellectual impairment Histology: gliosis and loss of neurons in basal ganglia ...
here`s a direct link
... Table 1 in the main text provides an example of how the two risk quotient relate to each other for a mixture of benzene and K2Cr2O7, two compounds with a different ecotoxicological profile. For this mixture, RQPEC/PNEC provides a clearly higher risk estimate of 0.43, while RQSTU provides a risk esti ...
... Table 1 in the main text provides an example of how the two risk quotient relate to each other for a mixture of benzene and K2Cr2O7, two compounds with a different ecotoxicological profile. For this mixture, RQPEC/PNEC provides a clearly higher risk estimate of 0.43, while RQSTU provides a risk esti ...
Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane (Technical Report on Carcinogens, Thirteenth Edition
... 1987). In addition, dietary exposure to technical-grade hexachlorocyclohexane caused tumors of the lymphoreticular system in mice of both sexes (Kashyap et al. 1979, IARC 1982). Cancer Studies in Humans The data available from epidemiological studies are inadequate to evaluate the relationship betwe ...
... 1987). In addition, dietary exposure to technical-grade hexachlorocyclohexane caused tumors of the lymphoreticular system in mice of both sexes (Kashyap et al. 1979, IARC 1982). Cancer Studies in Humans The data available from epidemiological studies are inadequate to evaluate the relationship betwe ...
Why EPA`s Headquarters Union of Scientists Opposes Fluoridation
... the incidence of dental fluorosis (the first, visible sign of fluoride chronic toxicity) as seen in non-fluoridated Kingston. John Colquhoun’s publication on this point of efficacy is especially important.18 Dr. Colquhoun was Principal Dental Officer for Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand, an ...
... the incidence of dental fluorosis (the first, visible sign of fluoride chronic toxicity) as seen in non-fluoridated Kingston. John Colquhoun’s publication on this point of efficacy is especially important.18 Dr. Colquhoun was Principal Dental Officer for Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand, an ...
Evidence that Increased Acetaminophen use in
... 24) Acetaminophen toxicity is implicated in a wide range of disorders including cancer, birth defects, asthma, allergies, death of cortical neurons (especially in the cerebellum), and brain toxicity. 25) Between 1980 and 2003, the prevalence of pediatric asthma in the US and throughout the world nea ...
... 24) Acetaminophen toxicity is implicated in a wide range of disorders including cancer, birth defects, asthma, allergies, death of cortical neurons (especially in the cerebellum), and brain toxicity. 25) Between 1980 and 2003, the prevalence of pediatric asthma in the US and throughout the world nea ...
IPCS Poisons Information Monograph 573
... No human studies were identified. In animals an increase in fetal mortality, increased incidence of cleft palate and webbed foot and a decreased postnatal survival have been reported (Ottolenghi et al., 1974; Virgo & Bellward, 1975; Treon et al., 1954). ...
... No human studies were identified. In animals an increase in fetal mortality, increased incidence of cleft palate and webbed foot and a decreased postnatal survival have been reported (Ottolenghi et al., 1974; Virgo & Bellward, 1975; Treon et al., 1954). ...
Chloroform - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
... ■ There is ample evidence that this material can be regarded as being able to cause cancer in humans based on experiments and other information. There is some evidence that human exposure to the material may result in developmental toxicity. This evidence is based on animal studies where effects hav ...
... ■ There is ample evidence that this material can be regarded as being able to cause cancer in humans based on experiments and other information. There is some evidence that human exposure to the material may result in developmental toxicity. This evidence is based on animal studies where effects hav ...
Level 2 - GreenFacts
... on the species, its habitat, and on the specific type of PCB. As the concentration of PCBs in sediments is several times higher than in water, levels are often high in bottom-feeding species. PCBs generally biomagnify along the food-chain, which leads to greater PCB concentrations in organisms that ...
... on the species, its habitat, and on the specific type of PCB. As the concentration of PCBs in sediments is several times higher than in water, levels are often high in bottom-feeding species. PCBs generally biomagnify along the food-chain, which leads to greater PCB concentrations in organisms that ...
1. general description - World Health Organization
... via the faeces (approximately 20%; approximately 7% via bile), with more than 50% being excreted within the first 24 h. The elimination half-life of radiolabel from the whole body was 31.3 h in rats; this prolonged half-life was caused by covalent binding of atrazine to cysteine sulfhydryl groups in ...
... via the faeces (approximately 20%; approximately 7% via bile), with more than 50% being excreted within the first 24 h. The elimination half-life of radiolabel from the whole body was 31.3 h in rats; this prolonged half-life was caused by covalent binding of atrazine to cysteine sulfhydryl groups in ...
TOXICITY OF SEA ALGAL TOXINS TO HUMANS AND ANIMALS
... vomiting, and lots of neurological signs. It can rarely cause death in humans. When describing a syndrome, different toxins can be included as etiological agent, and that’s the criteria followed in present chapter; it should be noted anyway that in some cases these toxins have only chemical similari ...
... vomiting, and lots of neurological signs. It can rarely cause death in humans. When describing a syndrome, different toxins can be included as etiological agent, and that’s the criteria followed in present chapter; it should be noted anyway that in some cases these toxins have only chemical similari ...
Differential Metabolism of Chiral Compounds
... However, despite extensive published literature on chiral compounds, especially pharmaceuticals, differential metabolism of chiral compounds remains poorly characterised. This project has reviewed the scientific literature for chiral compounds in order to assess the potential importance of stereosel ...
... However, despite extensive published literature on chiral compounds, especially pharmaceuticals, differential metabolism of chiral compounds remains poorly characterised. This project has reviewed the scientific literature for chiral compounds in order to assess the potential importance of stereosel ...
Synthesis and Pharmacological Screening of novel 1,5
... Biochemical parameters carried out in the present investigation to evaluate the hepatic functions during exposure to lead acetate is clearly indicative of the metallic salt having an adverse effect. Apart from these, lead acetate has been found to have an adverse influence on other tissues also as i ...
... Biochemical parameters carried out in the present investigation to evaluate the hepatic functions during exposure to lead acetate is clearly indicative of the metallic salt having an adverse effect. Apart from these, lead acetate has been found to have an adverse influence on other tissues also as i ...
Phenol: Hazards and Precautions
... anesthetic effect, little or no pain may be felt on initial contact. However, skin in contact with phenol will generally turn white; later, severe burns may develop. Phenol is rapidly absorbed through the skin, and toxic or even fatal amounts can be absorbed through relatively small areas. Ingestion ...
... anesthetic effect, little or no pain may be felt on initial contact. However, skin in contact with phenol will generally turn white; later, severe burns may develop. Phenol is rapidly absorbed through the skin, and toxic or even fatal amounts can be absorbed through relatively small areas. Ingestion ...
Triclopyr - Oregon State University
... significant increase in the presence of mammary gland adenocarcinomas in female mice and rats fed triclopyr at 36 mg/kg/day for 2 years (1). ...
... significant increase in the presence of mammary gland adenocarcinomas in female mice and rats fed triclopyr at 36 mg/kg/day for 2 years (1). ...
Comparison of Toxicity for Methyl Iodide and Methyl Bromide
... during pregnancy. Methyl bromide causes birth defects and is on the California Prop 65 list of developmental toxicants, but these effects are observed at doses higher than those for methyl iodide toxicity. Methyl iodide has not yet been reviewed for inclusion on the Prop 65 list for developmental to ...
... during pregnancy. Methyl bromide causes birth defects and is on the California Prop 65 list of developmental toxicants, but these effects are observed at doses higher than those for methyl iodide toxicity. Methyl iodide has not yet been reviewed for inclusion on the Prop 65 list for developmental to ...
PERSPECTIVE Rationale and Procedures for Using the Tissue
... One notable exception for the tissue-residue approach is the lack of a doseresponse relationship for those compounds that do not bioaccumulate but cause a toxic response. There are many definitions for bioaccumulation, ranging from simple uptake of substances from the environment to an accumulation ...
... One notable exception for the tissue-residue approach is the lack of a doseresponse relationship for those compounds that do not bioaccumulate but cause a toxic response. There are many definitions for bioaccumulation, ranging from simple uptake of substances from the environment to an accumulation ...
Interactions between fluorine and aluminum
... to these authors, fluorine played a dominant role in the toxicity but its uptake was reduced in groups exposed to high concentrations of aluminum. Based on the anti-caries protective effect of fluorine reported in epidemiological studies, it can likewise be inferred that the amount of fluorine compl ...
... to these authors, fluorine played a dominant role in the toxicity but its uptake was reduced in groups exposed to high concentrations of aluminum. Based on the anti-caries protective effect of fluorine reported in epidemiological studies, it can likewise be inferred that the amount of fluorine compl ...
2 PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID (PFOA) IN DRINKING WATER
... that the estimated drinking-water exposures to PFOA are lower than the estimated exposures associated with health effects in both children and adults. Although the margins-of-protection are not as large as those provided by the health advisory, the margins-of-protection are still large enough to in ...
... that the estimated drinking-water exposures to PFOA are lower than the estimated exposures associated with health effects in both children and adults. Although the margins-of-protection are not as large as those provided by the health advisory, the margins-of-protection are still large enough to in ...
Fumonisin B1
Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent member of a family of toxins, known as fumonisins, produced by several species of Fusarium molds, such as Fusarium verticillioides, which occur mainly in maize (corn), wheat and other cereals. Fumonisin B1 contamination of maize has been reported worldwide at mg/kg levels. Human exposure occurs at levels of micrograms to milligrams per day and is greatest in regions where maize products are the dietary staple.Fumonisin B1 is hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in all animal species tested. The earliest histological change to appear in either the liver or kidney of fumonisin-treated animals is increased apoptosis followed by regenerative cell proliferation. While the acute toxicity of fumonisin is low, it is the known cause of two diseases which occur in domestic animals with rapid onset: equine leukoencephalomalacia and porcine pulmonary oedema syndrome. Both of these diseases involve disturbed sphingolipid metabolism and cardiovascular dysfunction.