355 K - National Bureau of Economic Research
... Swedish and euro area business cycles, and thus the possible consequences for Sweden of joining the monetary union, and to compare with other European countries that have chosen different strategies in their relationship with the EU and the EMU. I thus compare Swedish data with those of the euro area ...
... Swedish and euro area business cycles, and thus the possible consequences for Sweden of joining the monetary union, and to compare with other European countries that have chosen different strategies in their relationship with the EU and the EMU. I thus compare Swedish data with those of the euro area ...
Methodology of Exchange Design
... – Modest levels of revenue can be raised with a straight percentage charge (and can be incorporated in pricing information). – Large revenue should be collected with value-add pricing to cause less damage to efficiency. ...
... – Modest levels of revenue can be raised with a straight percentage charge (and can be incorporated in pricing information). – Large revenue should be collected with value-add pricing to cause less damage to efficiency. ...
Two Economic Crisis and Dollarization for Cambodia, Laos, and
... Along with this phenomenon, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam have been noticeably affected by dollarization from the onset of its economic reform process.3) In particular, the prevalent use of the dollar has been noticed in Cambodia and Laos. The U.S. dollar is held in the form of cash in circulation and ...
... Along with this phenomenon, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam have been noticeably affected by dollarization from the onset of its economic reform process.3) In particular, the prevalent use of the dollar has been noticed in Cambodia and Laos. The U.S. dollar is held in the form of cash in circulation and ...
Polar Beer…”play it again Sam” - Duke`s Fuqua School of Business
... is therefore becoming as valuable as the commercial assets. “As customers’ expectations rise, shippers are requiring carriers to supply up-to-date information via the Net. Even companies that ship locally or overnight – and don’t normally worry about tracking – plan to take advantage of the Internet ...
... is therefore becoming as valuable as the commercial assets. “As customers’ expectations rise, shippers are requiring carriers to supply up-to-date information via the Net. Even companies that ship locally or overnight – and don’t normally worry about tracking – plan to take advantage of the Internet ...
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) Registration No. 333
... the Basket, over the term of the Notes. The currencies that compose the Basket are the Singapore dollar, Russian ruble, Indian rupee, Philippine peso and the European Union euro. Each Basket Component is weighted as set forth in the table below. Those currencies with positive weightings in the Baske ...
... the Basket, over the term of the Notes. The currencies that compose the Basket are the Singapore dollar, Russian ruble, Indian rupee, Philippine peso and the European Union euro. Each Basket Component is weighted as set forth in the table below. Those currencies with positive weightings in the Baske ...
c. crises in peripheral eurozone economies
... Many scholars have looked for similarities between the crisis in the Eurozone and past crises in Latin America. The use of the term “periphery” for some of the less developed Eurozone countries signals the presence of some comparable features between the Eurozone and Latin America. It is worth recal ...
... Many scholars have looked for similarities between the crisis in the Eurozone and past crises in Latin America. The use of the term “periphery” for some of the less developed Eurozone countries signals the presence of some comparable features between the Eurozone and Latin America. It is worth recal ...
Monetary Policy at the Zero Lower Bound
... It has been said, “An economist is a man who, when he finds something works in practice, wonders if it works in theory.”1 The study of the zero lower bound (ZLB) on nominal interest rates is an example of precisely the opposite: economists first figuring out what works in theory and then seeing if i ...
... It has been said, “An economist is a man who, when he finds something works in practice, wonders if it works in theory.”1 The study of the zero lower bound (ZLB) on nominal interest rates is an example of precisely the opposite: economists first figuring out what works in theory and then seeing if i ...
An Overview of the Great Depression
... Moreover, Eichengreen (1992) suggests that the episode of 1920–21 led the Federal Reserve System to believe that the economy could be successfully deflated or “liquidated” without paying a severe penalty in terms of reduced output. This conclusion, however, proved to be mistaken at the onset of the ...
... Moreover, Eichengreen (1992) suggests that the episode of 1920–21 led the Federal Reserve System to believe that the economy could be successfully deflated or “liquidated” without paying a severe penalty in terms of reduced output. This conclusion, however, proved to be mistaken at the onset of the ...
Assessing the Advantages of EMU-Enlargement for the
... II). Comparing their results with those EMU-members with the lowest per-capita income allows to determine the advantages of fixing in relative terms. The underlying reasoning is that the inclusion of peripheral EU-members into EMU so far had no negative effects for those countries or for Euroland. H ...
... II). Comparing their results with those EMU-members with the lowest per-capita income allows to determine the advantages of fixing in relative terms. The underlying reasoning is that the inclusion of peripheral EU-members into EMU so far had no negative effects for those countries or for Euroland. H ...
Group of Twenty IMF Note on Global Prospects and Policy Challenges
... reflecting persistent modest growth in advanced economies and questions about the speed at which China’s economy is slowing and the authorities’ policy responses. One result has been substantial declines in global equity markets, the widening of credit spreads, and historically low yields for safe h ...
... reflecting persistent modest growth in advanced economies and questions about the speed at which China’s economy is slowing and the authorities’ policy responses. One result has been substantial declines in global equity markets, the widening of credit spreads, and historically low yields for safe h ...
Dissertation_ ESTIMATING THE RESPONSE OF REAL
... policy for different countries. Thus far, there have been some studies about monetary policy in Vietnam such as a study by Camen (2006) on the both external factors and policy factor on the fluctuation in inflation or the study by Le (2007) on the target of monetary policy, whether should it be infl ...
... policy for different countries. Thus far, there have been some studies about monetary policy in Vietnam such as a study by Camen (2006) on the both external factors and policy factor on the fluctuation in inflation or the study by Le (2007) on the target of monetary policy, whether should it be infl ...
How Does a Depreciation in the Exchange Rate Affect Trade
... The outline of this thesis is as following: In part 2, the theoretical framework will be put forward and presented. The method and the data set for this study is put forward in section 3 and the regression model in part 4. In part 5, the results of the regressions are presented and analyzed. The con ...
... The outline of this thesis is as following: In part 2, the theoretical framework will be put forward and presented. The method and the data set for this study is put forward in section 3 and the regression model in part 4. In part 5, the results of the regressions are presented and analyzed. The con ...
Competitiveness and Employment in a Small Open Economy
... Small Open Economy We assume that domestic exporters and foreign firms compete in international markets for goods that are differentiated according to their countries of origin. We therefore suppose that profit-maximizing domestic firms have some control on export prices because they supply country ...
... Small Open Economy We assume that domestic exporters and foreign firms compete in international markets for goods that are differentiated according to their countries of origin. We therefore suppose that profit-maximizing domestic firms have some control on export prices because they supply country ...
Monetary unions, external shocks and economic performance: A Latin American perspective
... unions as a form of monetary arrangement. This new interest has been largely triggered by the Euro experience. Scholars and policy makers have asked about the optimal number of currencies in the world economy. They have analyzed whether different countries satisfy the traditional “optimal currency a ...
... unions as a form of monetary arrangement. This new interest has been largely triggered by the Euro experience. Scholars and policy makers have asked about the optimal number of currencies in the world economy. They have analyzed whether different countries satisfy the traditional “optimal currency a ...
THE EFFECTS OF EURO ADOPTION ON THE SLOVAK ECONOMY
... the consumption basket while prices of services will increase faster than prices of goods. Such equilibrium inflation will not represent a risk of instability or loss of competitiveness for the economy nor a negative impact on the living standards of citizens. An increase in prices, or inflation, re ...
... the consumption basket while prices of services will increase faster than prices of goods. Such equilibrium inflation will not represent a risk of instability or loss of competitiveness for the economy nor a negative impact on the living standards of citizens. An increase in prices, or inflation, re ...
NOTAS32INGspdf_en.pdf
... • On the multilateral level, in mid-September, the Fifth Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization (WTO) took place in Cancun.The meeting failed to produce results, due to the difficulties to make progress in the negotiations on agricultural items, and to the reservations of some developin ...
... • On the multilateral level, in mid-September, the Fifth Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization (WTO) took place in Cancun.The meeting failed to produce results, due to the difficulties to make progress in the negotiations on agricultural items, and to the reservations of some developin ...
The Emerging Global Financial Architecture: Tracing and
... Against the backdrop of the most severe financial crisis since the Great Depression, the issue of whether the trilemma – the hypothesis that a country can only achieve two, but not all three, goals of monetary independence, exchange rate stability and financial integration – seems rather distant. We ...
... Against the backdrop of the most severe financial crisis since the Great Depression, the issue of whether the trilemma – the hypothesis that a country can only achieve two, but not all three, goals of monetary independence, exchange rate stability and financial integration – seems rather distant. We ...
anchoring to the euro (and grouped together)? the case of african
... financing from the French Treasury, the agreements contain provisions preventing the likelihood of such event. In particular, when the balance of the Operations Accounts reaches critical figures, measures are taken to improve it (e.g., increase in the central ...
... financing from the French Treasury, the agreements contain provisions preventing the likelihood of such event. In particular, when the balance of the Operations Accounts reaches critical figures, measures are taken to improve it (e.g., increase in the central ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... the dust? Oil prices and inflation. Working Paper no. 417. Santiago: Central Bank of Chile. Engel, C. 2009. Pass-through, exchange rates, and monetary policy. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 41: 177–85. Hamilton, J. 2009. Causes and consequences of the oil shock of 2007–08. Brookings Papers on ...
... the dust? Oil prices and inflation. Working Paper no. 417. Santiago: Central Bank of Chile. Engel, C. 2009. Pass-through, exchange rates, and monetary policy. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 41: 177–85. Hamilton, J. 2009. Causes and consequences of the oil shock of 2007–08. Brookings Papers on ...
the economics of the government budget constraint
... to pay off thc governrncnt dcbt generated by wartime deficits. Thc devotion to balanced budgets is evident from thc desire of political candidates and governmenrs to balance rhe budget even during the Great Depression. Though few succeeded in balancing the budget, some governments raised tax rates d ...
... to pay off thc governrncnt dcbt generated by wartime deficits. Thc devotion to balanced budgets is evident from thc desire of political candidates and governmenrs to balance rhe budget even during the Great Depression. Though few succeeded in balancing the budget, some governments raised tax rates d ...
equitable pci bank
... The Banking Industry in today’s era has been experiencing rapid growth and changes. Many financial institutions feel the urge of merging and acquiring as a way of competing with a growing array of strong financial service providers such as banks, insurance companies, mortgage companies, etc. ...
... The Banking Industry in today’s era has been experiencing rapid growth and changes. Many financial institutions feel the urge of merging and acquiring as a way of competing with a growing array of strong financial service providers such as banks, insurance companies, mortgage companies, etc. ...
The Flexible System of Global Models – FSGM
... investment, having micro-foundations, with others, such as trade, labor supply, and inflation having reduced-form representations.6 Giving up structure comes at cost in terms of economic tractability and coherence. However, FSGM has been developed to minimize those costs. The reduced-form components ...
... investment, having micro-foundations, with others, such as trade, labor supply, and inflation having reduced-form representations.6 Giving up structure comes at cost in terms of economic tractability and coherence. However, FSGM has been developed to minimize those costs. The reduced-form components ...
Does globalization alter the monetary transmission mechanism?
... To the extent that globalization changes this relationship at a fundamental level, it alters the way in which monetary policy influences inflation and output, i.e. the monetary transmission mechanism.1 While such changes do not necessarily reduce central banks’ control over the economy, they may nev ...
... To the extent that globalization changes this relationship at a fundamental level, it alters the way in which monetary policy influences inflation and output, i.e. the monetary transmission mechanism.1 While such changes do not necessarily reduce central banks’ control over the economy, they may nev ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHAT HURTS MOST? Carmen M. Reinhart
... more variability in interest rates and potentially spending. Under a system of target zones, then, relative prices for emerging market economies may become more stable in an environment of predictable G-3 exchange rates, but greater interest rate volatility may make debt-servicing costs less predict ...
... more variability in interest rates and potentially spending. Under a system of target zones, then, relative prices for emerging market economies may become more stable in an environment of predictable G-3 exchange rates, but greater interest rate volatility may make debt-servicing costs less predict ...
The Eurosystem`s bond purchases and the exchange rate of the
... to remain expansionary for longer than previously expected and that future money market rates, too, will therefore stay low for longer. This, in turn, would bring current capital market rates under pressure. Much like with the portfolio rebalancing channel, such developments would tend to provoke ne ...
... to remain expansionary for longer than previously expected and that future money market rates, too, will therefore stay low for longer. This, in turn, would bring current capital market rates under pressure. Much like with the portfolio rebalancing channel, such developments would tend to provoke ne ...