Worldwide trends in monetary aggregates over recent years
... recent years, especially considering the low level of inflation. In the United Kingdom, M4 growth started to increase in 2000. In the United States and the euro area, broad monetary aggregates increased strongly in 2001, driven in both cases by portfolio shifts away from financial markets. While cou ...
... recent years, especially considering the low level of inflation. In the United Kingdom, M4 growth started to increase in 2000. In the United States and the euro area, broad monetary aggregates increased strongly in 2001, driven in both cases by portfolio shifts away from financial markets. While cou ...
(Platts) Crack Spread (1000mt) BALMO Futures
... The Floating Price for each contract month is equal to the balance-of-month arithmetic average of the mid-point of the high and low quotations from the Platts European Marketscan for Naphtha Physical under the heading "Cargoes CIF NWE Basis ARA" minus the ICE Brent Crude Oil Futures first nearby con ...
... The Floating Price for each contract month is equal to the balance-of-month arithmetic average of the mid-point of the high and low quotations from the Platts European Marketscan for Naphtha Physical under the heading "Cargoes CIF NWE Basis ARA" minus the ICE Brent Crude Oil Futures first nearby con ...
Non deliverable forwards: 2013 and beyond
... Non-deliverable forwards (NDFs) are contracts for the difference between an exchange rate agreed months before and the actual spot rate at maturity. The spot rate at maturity is taken as the officially announced domestic rate or a marketdetermined rate. The contract is settled with a single US dolla ...
... Non-deliverable forwards (NDFs) are contracts for the difference between an exchange rate agreed months before and the actual spot rate at maturity. The spot rate at maturity is taken as the officially announced domestic rate or a marketdetermined rate. The contract is settled with a single US dolla ...
Word
... times more bonds than a year ago and cash outflow from the country in investment of domestic portfolio investors was lower. However, as opposed to bonds, there was mutually less activity with regard to stock transactions. On the whole, portfolio investment reported an inflow of cash into the country ...
... times more bonds than a year ago and cash outflow from the country in investment of domestic portfolio investors was lower. However, as opposed to bonds, there was mutually less activity with regard to stock transactions. On the whole, portfolio investment reported an inflow of cash into the country ...
Chapter 12 - Academic Csuohio
... Substituting for prices using the money market equilibrium conditions we get the Fundamental equation of the monetary model of the exchange rate ...
... Substituting for prices using the money market equilibrium conditions we get the Fundamental equation of the monetary model of the exchange rate ...
Some Reflections on Comparative Latin American Economic
... The earlier discussion has elaborated upon the special problems of the Latin American countries in the early 1980's owing to an ...
... The earlier discussion has elaborated upon the special problems of the Latin American countries in the early 1980's owing to an ...
Real Output and Prices Adjustments under Different
... 1. Introduction Nowadays, in the time of economic and debt crisis, many European Union member countries are exposed to the large complex of negative implications of recession, peaking rates of unemployment, increased public debt burden as well as worsen conditions to maintain fiscal sustainability. ...
... 1. Introduction Nowadays, in the time of economic and debt crisis, many European Union member countries are exposed to the large complex of negative implications of recession, peaking rates of unemployment, increased public debt burden as well as worsen conditions to maintain fiscal sustainability. ...
Chapter 20
... The euro must appreciate by about 7.477% over the year in order to make the loan in euros as costly as a U.S. dollar loan. 9. IRP Application to Short-term Financing. Assume that interest rate parity exists. If a firm believes that the forward rate is an unbiased predictor of the future spot rate, w ...
... The euro must appreciate by about 7.477% over the year in order to make the loan in euros as costly as a U.S. dollar loan. 9. IRP Application to Short-term Financing. Assume that interest rate parity exists. If a firm believes that the forward rate is an unbiased predictor of the future spot rate, w ...
Tradability of Goods and Real Exchange Rate
... role of nominal rigidities and for real exchange rate behavior. In keeping with the international real business cycle literature, as explained by Backus, Kehoe, and Kydland (1992) and Stockman and Tesar (1995), we study the effects of shocks that cause the trade balance to be countercyclical, as it ...
... role of nominal rigidities and for real exchange rate behavior. In keeping with the international real business cycle literature, as explained by Backus, Kehoe, and Kydland (1992) and Stockman and Tesar (1995), we study the effects of shocks that cause the trade balance to be countercyclical, as it ...
The IMF’s Stand-by Arrangements and the Economic Downturn in Eastern Europe
... In Hungary, a surge of foreign borrowing allowed the country to run large current account deficits in 2006 and 2007 (7.5 and 6.4 percent of GDP, respectively), as well as a large fiscal deficit in 2006. The current account deficits became much more problematic as foreign capital inflows dried up and ...
... In Hungary, a surge of foreign borrowing allowed the country to run large current account deficits in 2006 and 2007 (7.5 and 6.4 percent of GDP, respectively), as well as a large fiscal deficit in 2006. The current account deficits became much more problematic as foreign capital inflows dried up and ...
The IMF`s Stand-by Arrangements and the Economic
... In Hungary, a surge of foreign borrowing allowed the country to run large current account deficits in 2006 and 2007 (7.5 and 6.4 percent of GDP, respectively), as well as a large fiscal deficit in 2006. The current account deficits became much more problematic as foreign capital inflows dried up and ...
... In Hungary, a surge of foreign borrowing allowed the country to run large current account deficits in 2006 and 2007 (7.5 and 6.4 percent of GDP, respectively), as well as a large fiscal deficit in 2006. The current account deficits became much more problematic as foreign capital inflows dried up and ...
Brose generates more than 5 billion euros in business volume
... To support the further development of the corporate group, the shareholders under the leadership of Chairman Michael Stoschek decided at their meeting to invest almost one billion euros by 2017. The bulk of this amount will be invested in the expansion and strengthening of the European locations, wh ...
... To support the further development of the corporate group, the shareholders under the leadership of Chairman Michael Stoschek decided at their meeting to invest almost one billion euros by 2017. The bulk of this amount will be invested in the expansion and strengthening of the European locations, wh ...
Prices and Exchange Rates: A Theory of Disconnect
... consumer import prices (Engel, 2002).1 This empirical regularity is usually interpreted as implying that the effect of nominal exchange rates on quantities traded between countries, the so-called expenditure-switching effect of exchange rates, is negligible: if exchange rate movements do not affect ...
... consumer import prices (Engel, 2002).1 This empirical regularity is usually interpreted as implying that the effect of nominal exchange rates on quantities traded between countries, the so-called expenditure-switching effect of exchange rates, is negligible: if exchange rate movements do not affect ...
Demand Imbalances, Exchange-Rate Misalignments, and Monetary Policy
... Understanding misalignment and demand imbalances: ‡ex-price allocation, gaps between CM and IM Anticipated Home productivity increase with High trade elasticity / good substitutability ...
... Understanding misalignment and demand imbalances: ‡ex-price allocation, gaps between CM and IM Anticipated Home productivity increase with High trade elasticity / good substitutability ...
2.2 - Financial Markets Relevant to Business
... year. They can acquire these funds in financial markets by issuing equity or debt securities, or simple borrowing. A company’s excess funds will be invested through financial markets in short-term interest bearing securities such as bank bills. Companies will also manage their financial assets in su ...
... year. They can acquire these funds in financial markets by issuing equity or debt securities, or simple borrowing. A company’s excess funds will be invested through financial markets in short-term interest bearing securities such as bank bills. Companies will also manage their financial assets in su ...
mmi13 Benassy-Quere new 19076037 en
... and by the intra-Euro area payment system (TARGET2).1 Indeed, crisis countries generally displayed twin deficits, i.e. a fiscal deficit and a current account deficit. Unlike Japan, these countries were unable to rely on domestic private savings to refinance their government debt, making them vulnera ...
... and by the intra-Euro area payment system (TARGET2).1 Indeed, crisis countries generally displayed twin deficits, i.e. a fiscal deficit and a current account deficit. Unlike Japan, these countries were unable to rely on domestic private savings to refinance their government debt, making them vulnera ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... considered. This is because the US Dollar has remained to be the most dominating foreign currency used for trading and investment throughout the period of this study. On an average, export-oriented companies are adversely affected by a stronger domestic currency while import-oriented firms benefit f ...
... considered. This is because the US Dollar has remained to be the most dominating foreign currency used for trading and investment throughout the period of this study. On an average, export-oriented companies are adversely affected by a stronger domestic currency while import-oriented firms benefit f ...
26 INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF STABILIZATION POLICIES
... as the flow of saving into foreign assets is altered. Most of the existing literature has studied the stock-shift effect; there has been little analysis of the continuing-flow effect, presumably because the flow of saving depends importantly on the real sector. The signs of the two effects are not n ...
... as the flow of saving into foreign assets is altered. Most of the existing literature has studied the stock-shift effect; there has been little analysis of the continuing-flow effect, presumably because the flow of saving depends importantly on the real sector. The signs of the two effects are not n ...
A Development Strategy for Asian Economies
... conducive to corruption. In most cases the best approach is for a country to create a supportive business environment, including policies and institutions that encourage innovation, investment and exports in general, and to leave allocative investment decisions to the private sector. In this perspec ...
... conducive to corruption. In most cases the best approach is for a country to create a supportive business environment, including policies and institutions that encourage innovation, investment and exports in general, and to leave allocative investment decisions to the private sector. In this perspec ...
Sterilized Interventions and Capital Controls
... the exchange rate. In particular, sterilization policies in conjunction with capital market restrictions can provide policymakers with an additional policy tool. In the models studied here, policymakers will be able to in uence interest rates, as is typically the case in these models. In addition, t ...
... the exchange rate. In particular, sterilization policies in conjunction with capital market restrictions can provide policymakers with an additional policy tool. In the models studied here, policymakers will be able to in uence interest rates, as is typically the case in these models. In addition, t ...
PRESS RELEASE SUMMARY OF THE MONETARY POLICY COMMITTEE MEETING No: 2015‐32
... 2014, Europe’s sluggish growth and geopolitical tensions across neighboring countries dampened exports. However, imports nearly flattened on the back of the slowing rate of increase in domestic demand, making net exports the demand component that provided the highest contributi ...
... 2014, Europe’s sluggish growth and geopolitical tensions across neighboring countries dampened exports. However, imports nearly flattened on the back of the slowing rate of increase in domestic demand, making net exports the demand component that provided the highest contributi ...
Australia`s Medium-run Exchange Rate: A Macroeconomic Balance
... level that generates an underlying current account equal to the target capital account when the domestic and foreign economies are in internal equilibrium. It should be noted that this approach is based on a medium-term equilibrium which is likely to change over time. One reason is that the factors ...
... level that generates an underlying current account equal to the target capital account when the domestic and foreign economies are in internal equilibrium. It should be noted that this approach is based on a medium-term equilibrium which is likely to change over time. One reason is that the factors ...