Genetics_notes
... Sex Influenced Genes • These genes are usually located on the autosomes • Males and females with the same genotype may differ greatly in phenotype because the levels of sex hormones • For example: – A bull may have a gene for high milk production, but he will not produce milk because he has low lev ...
... Sex Influenced Genes • These genes are usually located on the autosomes • Males and females with the same genotype may differ greatly in phenotype because the levels of sex hormones • For example: – A bull may have a gene for high milk production, but he will not produce milk because he has low lev ...
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... analysis, dominance and recessive patterns of inheritance, sex linkage, and lyonization, as well as a brief introduction to the evolutionary idea of atavism. ...
... analysis, dominance and recessive patterns of inheritance, sex linkage, and lyonization, as well as a brief introduction to the evolutionary idea of atavism. ...
Unit 4: Genetics & Heredity
... Sex-Linked Traits Summary X-Linked: Follow the X chromosome Males get their X from their mother Trait is never passed from father to son Y-Linked: Very few traits ...
... Sex-Linked Traits Summary X-Linked: Follow the X chromosome Males get their X from their mother Trait is never passed from father to son Y-Linked: Very few traits ...
Overview of Basic Genetic Concepts and Terminology
... Unequivocal interpretation is rare in human genetics Generally can not design the perfect experiment: have to work with data we have at our disposal Interpretation is of the greatest importance ...
... Unequivocal interpretation is rare in human genetics Generally can not design the perfect experiment: have to work with data we have at our disposal Interpretation is of the greatest importance ...
monohybrid cross
... egg or a w egg given that these eggs are produced in equal frequency. The Punnett square takes both of these factors into account. In the case of blowfl y eye colour, the 1 WW : 2 Ww : 1 ww genotypic ratio yields a 3 : 1 red-eye (wildtype) : white-eye phenotypic ratio due to the dominance of the re ...
... egg or a w egg given that these eggs are produced in equal frequency. The Punnett square takes both of these factors into account. In the case of blowfl y eye colour, the 1 WW : 2 Ww : 1 ww genotypic ratio yields a 3 : 1 red-eye (wildtype) : white-eye phenotypic ratio due to the dominance of the re ...
P Cross
... regulate cell growth and division: – one produces growth factors to initiate cell division (can mutate to an oncogene & result in too much growth factor) – the other produces proteins to stop cell division (tumor suppressor genes) ...
... regulate cell growth and division: – one produces growth factors to initiate cell division (can mutate to an oncogene & result in too much growth factor) – the other produces proteins to stop cell division (tumor suppressor genes) ...
Punnett Squares
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
Punnett Squares
... brown cow and the resulting offspring are spotted brown and white (called roan). ...
... brown cow and the resulting offspring are spotted brown and white (called roan). ...
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance - Canisteo
... 2. common in plant kingdom; very rare in animals 3. can result from complete nondisjunction during meiosis 4. polyploids are more nearly normal than aneuploids – why? ...
... 2. common in plant kingdom; very rare in animals 3. can result from complete nondisjunction during meiosis 4. polyploids are more nearly normal than aneuploids – why? ...
Punnett Squares Punnett-Square
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
Document
... Dominant - stronger of two genes expressed in the hybrid; represented by a capital letter (R) Recessive - gene that shows up less often in a cross; represented by a lowercase letter (r) ...
... Dominant - stronger of two genes expressed in the hybrid; represented by a capital letter (R) Recessive - gene that shows up less often in a cross; represented by a lowercase letter (r) ...
Genetics Terminology
... Look at the offspring of the test cross to determine if it is heter or homozygous. ...
... Look at the offspring of the test cross to determine if it is heter or homozygous. ...
Pedigree Webquest
... A. Draw a pedigree chart for the following family. Charlie and Renee are grandparents. They have 3 children, Jessica, Crystal, and Gina. Jessica is married to Gale and they have a daughter named Rue. Crystal is married to John and they have 3 children, Alice, Mark, and Ian. Gina is divorced and has ...
... A. Draw a pedigree chart for the following family. Charlie and Renee are grandparents. They have 3 children, Jessica, Crystal, and Gina. Jessica is married to Gale and they have a daughter named Rue. Crystal is married to John and they have 3 children, Alice, Mark, and Ian. Gina is divorced and has ...
Genetics
... For many traits, we can predict the genotypic frequencies of the offspring of two individuals using a PUNNETT SQUARE: ...
... For many traits, we can predict the genotypic frequencies of the offspring of two individuals using a PUNNETT SQUARE: ...
Warm-up - Cloudfront.net
... Genes are passed from parent to offspring Genes – the genetic information that controls one trait There are different forms of a gene that create specific traits. These are called alleles Example: One allele of the gene for plant height makes it tall, the other allele makes it short ...
... Genes are passed from parent to offspring Genes – the genetic information that controls one trait There are different forms of a gene that create specific traits. These are called alleles Example: One allele of the gene for plant height makes it tall, the other allele makes it short ...
last of Chapter 5
... heterozygotes cannot be distinguished most of the time. • Pedigrees can be pooled. ...
... heterozygotes cannot be distinguished most of the time. • Pedigrees can be pooled. ...
Family Pedigree Project:
... Using a poster board or large poster paper, create your family pedigree of one particular trait (either a known genetic disorder in your family or a trait from the list below). You must include the following elements: ...
... Using a poster board or large poster paper, create your family pedigree of one particular trait (either a known genetic disorder in your family or a trait from the list below). You must include the following elements: ...
Mendel and Heredity ppt
... genotype goes on top of square, ♀’s on the side; fill in the boxes with the offspring’s possible genotypes • 5. Write the offspring’s possible genotypes in a ratio, always starting with the homozygous dom, then hetero, then homozygous rec • 6. Write the possible phenotypes in a ratio ...
... genotype goes on top of square, ♀’s on the side; fill in the boxes with the offspring’s possible genotypes • 5. Write the offspring’s possible genotypes in a ratio, always starting with the homozygous dom, then hetero, then homozygous rec • 6. Write the possible phenotypes in a ratio ...
Genetics Notes Powerpoint
... X-inactivation (Barr Bodies • X-chromosome inactivation occurs early in embryonic development. In a given cell, which of a female's X chromosomes becomes inactivated and converted into a Barr body is a matter of chance (except in marsupials like the kangaroo, where it is always the father's X chrom ...
... X-inactivation (Barr Bodies • X-chromosome inactivation occurs early in embryonic development. In a given cell, which of a female's X chromosomes becomes inactivated and converted into a Barr body is a matter of chance (except in marsupials like the kangaroo, where it is always the father's X chrom ...
(lectures 9-11) - Felsenstein/Kuhner lab
... apply artificial selection (usually by breeding from the best extreme of the distribution of phenotypes). 10. At the gene level, the individuals in the top end of the population are more likely to have the alleles that predispose to a large value of the character. Selecting, one changes the gene fre ...
... apply artificial selection (usually by breeding from the best extreme of the distribution of phenotypes). 10. At the gene level, the individuals in the top end of the population are more likely to have the alleles that predispose to a large value of the character. Selecting, one changes the gene fre ...
Chapter 10 Polygenic Inheritance
... he/she has to transmit, and the higher the recurrence risk. ...
... he/she has to transmit, and the higher the recurrence risk. ...
Twin study
Twin studies reveal the absolute and relative importance of environmental and genetic influences on individuals in a sample. Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in content fields, from biology to psychology. Twin studies are part of the methods used in behavior genetics, which includes all data that are genetically informative – siblings, adoptees, pedigree data etc.Twins are a valuable source for observation because they allow the study of varying family environments (across pairs) and widely differing genetic makeup: ""identical"" or monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly 100% of their genes, which means that most differences between the twins (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.) is due to experiences that one twin has but not the other twin. ""Fraternal"" or dizygotic (DZ) twins share only about 50% of their genes. Thus powerful tests of the effects of genes can be made. Twins share many aspects of their environment (e.g., uterine environment, parenting style, education, wealth, culture, community) by virtue of being born in the same time and place. The presence of a given genetic trait in only one member of a pair of identical twins (called discordance) provides a powerful window into environmental effects.The classical twin design compares the similarity of monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins. If identical twins are considerably more similar than fraternal twins (which is found for most traits), this implicates that genes play an important role in these traits. By comparing many hundreds of families of twins, researchers can then understand more about the roles of genetic effects, shared environment, and unique environment in shaping behavior.Modern twin studies have shown that almost all traits are in part influenced by genetic differences, with some characteristics showing a strong influence (e.g. height), others an intermediate level (e.g. personality traits) and some more complex heritabilities, with evidence for different genes affecting different aspects of the trait — as in the case of autism.