The visual-oculomotor striatum of the cat: functional relationship to
... a first series of experiments, the former was injected with a retrograde tracer in several cats. Thalamostriate cells were found in extensive regions, including the intralaminar nuclei, certain motor-related nuclei, and, most notably, across much of the extrageniculate visual thalamus. In another se ...
... a first series of experiments, the former was injected with a retrograde tracer in several cats. Thalamostriate cells were found in extensive regions, including the intralaminar nuclei, certain motor-related nuclei, and, most notably, across much of the extrageniculate visual thalamus. In another se ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 40.1 Periodic activation in sleep cycles
... trigmenial motor nuclei; AHC, anterior horn cell. From Hobson et al. (2000). FIGURE 40.10 The Reciprocal Interaction (RI) Model (A) In the original RI model (Hobson et al., 1975; McCarley & Hobson, 1975), REM-on cholinergic neurons (Green triangle, solid line) both selfexcite and excite aminergic RE ...
... trigmenial motor nuclei; AHC, anterior horn cell. From Hobson et al. (2000). FIGURE 40.10 The Reciprocal Interaction (RI) Model (A) In the original RI model (Hobson et al., 1975; McCarley & Hobson, 1975), REM-on cholinergic neurons (Green triangle, solid line) both selfexcite and excite aminergic RE ...
Parallel Transformation of Tactile Signals in Central Circuits of
... characteristic and reliable positions of their cell bodies, as well as their intrinsic properties: recorded neurons in each class had a characteristic input resistance, resting membrane potential, and spike waveform. We were able to reliably record from midline local and projection neurons by target ...
... characteristic and reliable positions of their cell bodies, as well as their intrinsic properties: recorded neurons in each class had a characteristic input resistance, resting membrane potential, and spike waveform. We were able to reliably record from midline local and projection neurons by target ...
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... Four major types of encapsulated mechanoreceptors are specialized to provide information to the central nervous system about touch, pressure, vibration, and cutaneous tension: Meissner’s corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, Merkel’s disks, and Ruffini’s corpuscles (Figure 8.3 and Table 8.1). These recep ...
... Four major types of encapsulated mechanoreceptors are specialized to provide information to the central nervous system about touch, pressure, vibration, and cutaneous tension: Meissner’s corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, Merkel’s disks, and Ruffini’s corpuscles (Figure 8.3 and Table 8.1). These recep ...
L - Oxford Academic
... postsynaptic potentials evoked by that axon. Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic inhibition both occur, sometimes in the same muscle. The latter type is more common. Pre-synaptic inhibition is thought to be mediated by the action of an inhibitory transmitter-substance on receptors of the motor nerve term ...
... postsynaptic potentials evoked by that axon. Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic inhibition both occur, sometimes in the same muscle. The latter type is more common. Pre-synaptic inhibition is thought to be mediated by the action of an inhibitory transmitter-substance on receptors of the motor nerve term ...
Serotonin Depletion In Vivo Inhibits the
... shown that several days after a series of three 5,7-DHT injections beginning at E55%, serotonin levels in H. americanus embryos are reduced by ⬃90% and that this depletion is long lasting (Benton et al., 1997). During normal embryonic development, H. americanus experiences a period of developmental ...
... shown that several days after a series of three 5,7-DHT injections beginning at E55%, serotonin levels in H. americanus embryos are reduced by ⬃90% and that this depletion is long lasting (Benton et al., 1997). During normal embryonic development, H. americanus experiences a period of developmental ...
Ch. 13 Nervous System Cells Textbook
... within the anatomical boundaries of the brain and spinal cord as part of the CNS. Cells that begin in the brain or cord but extend out through a nerve are thus not included in the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the nerve tissues that lie in the periphery, or ...
... within the anatomical boundaries of the brain and spinal cord as part of the CNS. Cells that begin in the brain or cord but extend out through a nerve are thus not included in the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the nerve tissues that lie in the periphery, or ...
Chapter 8 The Nervous System
... Dendrites and cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord Axons leave the spinal cord in the anterior roots of spinal nerves, extend to sympathetic or collateral ganglia, and synapse with several postgan ...
... Dendrites and cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the gray matter of the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord Axons leave the spinal cord in the anterior roots of spinal nerves, extend to sympathetic or collateral ganglia, and synapse with several postgan ...
Lateral olfactory processing
... experiment in which they recorded from PNs receiving input from palp ORNs, but with the palp covered during presentation. This new approach isolates the lateral inputs to palp PNs (by shielding then from direct sensory input), without eliminating the spontaneous activity of palp ORNs. In this config ...
... experiment in which they recorded from PNs receiving input from palp ORNs, but with the palp covered during presentation. This new approach isolates the lateral inputs to palp PNs (by shielding then from direct sensory input), without eliminating the spontaneous activity of palp ORNs. In this config ...
Microinfusion of bupropion inhibits putative GABAergic ventral
... 1. Introduction: The ventral tegmental area (VTA) comprises of dopaminergic (DA) and non-dopaminergic (nonDA) neurons. The abundant non-dopaminergic neurons are gamma-aminobutyric acid releasing or putative GABAergic neurons. The VTA plays a significant role in reward, addiction, psychiatric disord ...
... 1. Introduction: The ventral tegmental area (VTA) comprises of dopaminergic (DA) and non-dopaminergic (nonDA) neurons. The abundant non-dopaminergic neurons are gamma-aminobutyric acid releasing or putative GABAergic neurons. The VTA plays a significant role in reward, addiction, psychiatric disord ...
An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
... that are part of spinothalamic pathway • Activity in interneurons leads to stimulation of primary sensory cortex, so an individual feels pain in specific part of body surface ...
... that are part of spinothalamic pathway • Activity in interneurons leads to stimulation of primary sensory cortex, so an individual feels pain in specific part of body surface ...
Passive Properties of Swimmeret Motor Neurons
... just anterior to the base of N1, whereas PS cell bodies formed their own ventral cluster just posterior to the base of N1. Regardless of whether they were RS or PS neurons, the shapes of most swimmeret motor neurons were similar (Fig. 1A). The primary neurite extended from the cell body toward LN (S ...
... just anterior to the base of N1, whereas PS cell bodies formed their own ventral cluster just posterior to the base of N1. Regardless of whether they were RS or PS neurons, the shapes of most swimmeret motor neurons were similar (Fig. 1A). The primary neurite extended from the cell body toward LN (S ...
Clarke`s column neurons as the focus of a corticospinal corollary circuit
... excitatory and/or indirect inhibitory inputs from descending corticospinal axons. The convergence of these descending inhibitory and excitatory inputs to Clarke’s column neurons established local spinal circuits with the capacity to mark or modulate incoming proprioceptive input. Together, our genet ...
... excitatory and/or indirect inhibitory inputs from descending corticospinal axons. The convergence of these descending inhibitory and excitatory inputs to Clarke’s column neurons established local spinal circuits with the capacity to mark or modulate incoming proprioceptive input. Together, our genet ...
Stereotyped connectivity and computations in higher
... Here we show that lateral horn neurons (LHNs) receive input from sparse and stereotyped combinations of glomeruli that are coactivated by odors, and certain combinations of glomeruli are over-represented. One morphological LHN type is broadly tuned and sums input from multiple glomeruli. These neuro ...
... Here we show that lateral horn neurons (LHNs) receive input from sparse and stereotyped combinations of glomeruli that are coactivated by odors, and certain combinations of glomeruli are over-represented. One morphological LHN type is broadly tuned and sums input from multiple glomeruli. These neuro ...
Reinforcement, and Punishment Striatal Mechanisms Underlying
... and the dopamine Drd2 receptor, which is selectively expressed by indirect pathway neurons. Due to this differential expression, dopamine affects the neurons of each pathway differently (63). The dopamine Drd1 receptor is coupled to G␣s, which activates adenyl cyclase and increases intracellular cyc ...
... and the dopamine Drd2 receptor, which is selectively expressed by indirect pathway neurons. Due to this differential expression, dopamine affects the neurons of each pathway differently (63). The dopamine Drd1 receptor is coupled to G␣s, which activates adenyl cyclase and increases intracellular cyc ...
PDF-document - homepage.ruhr-uni
... (A) Spatial arrangement of the reach task. The typical sequence in the reach paradigm was as follows: (1) Fixation + Cue phase (F+C): the animal placed his hand at the start position and fixated on a blue spot on the screen. The central target for the hand turned red immediately. (2) Reaction time 1 ...
... (A) Spatial arrangement of the reach task. The typical sequence in the reach paradigm was as follows: (1) Fixation + Cue phase (F+C): the animal placed his hand at the start position and fixated on a blue spot on the screen. The central target for the hand turned red immediately. (2) Reaction time 1 ...
Serotonin 1B Receptor Modulates Frequency Response Curves and
... Neuromodulatory signals such as serotonin are broadly released in the brain in response to changes in internal state (Trulson and Jacobs 1979, 1981) but transform the response properties of sensory neurons in highly specific ways (Hurley et al. 2004; Mooney et al. 1996; Xiang and Prince 2003). This ...
... Neuromodulatory signals such as serotonin are broadly released in the brain in response to changes in internal state (Trulson and Jacobs 1979, 1981) but transform the response properties of sensory neurons in highly specific ways (Hurley et al. 2004; Mooney et al. 1996; Xiang and Prince 2003). This ...
15-5 Somatic Motor Pathways
... o 15-1 Specify the components of the afferent and efferent divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. o 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. o 15-3 Identify the receptors ...
... o 15-1 Specify the components of the afferent and efferent divisions of the nervous system, and explain what is meant by the somatic nervous system. o 15-2 Explain why receptors respond to specific stimuli, and how the organization of a receptor affects its sensitivity. o 15-3 Identify the receptors ...
Umami, a taste unto itself
... umami. In the following decades, the nature of umami as a fundamental taste quality was hotly debated in academic conferences and research publications, with the alternative viewpoint being that umami was simply a synthesis of other fundamental qualities such as salty and sweet. Whether umami is a f ...
... umami. In the following decades, the nature of umami as a fundamental taste quality was hotly debated in academic conferences and research publications, with the alternative viewpoint being that umami was simply a synthesis of other fundamental qualities such as salty and sweet. Whether umami is a f ...
Histamine neurons in the tuberomamillary nucleus: a whole center
... Spatial segregation due to probe localization does not explain the lack of response, as retrograde tracing with dye injections into the striatum or prefrontal cortex showed that most histaminergic somata are within the medial part of the ventral TMN (Köhler et al., 1985). This proximity suggests tha ...
... Spatial segregation due to probe localization does not explain the lack of response, as retrograde tracing with dye injections into the striatum or prefrontal cortex showed that most histaminergic somata are within the medial part of the ventral TMN (Köhler et al., 1985). This proximity suggests tha ...
The human medial geniculate body
... its neuronal architecture has never been described in much detail, nor have systematic distinctions been made among the types of neurons and the patterns of neuropil organization between nuclei. In fact, the human medial geniculate body has usually been treated as containing rather few discrete arch ...
... its neuronal architecture has never been described in much detail, nor have systematic distinctions been made among the types of neurons and the patterns of neuropil organization between nuclei. In fact, the human medial geniculate body has usually been treated as containing rather few discrete arch ...
Mechanisms of response homeostasis during retinocollicular map
... The mechanisms of Hebbian synaptic plasticity have been widely hypothesized to play a role in the activity-dependent development of neural circuits. However, these mechanisms are inherently unstable and would lead to the runaway excitation or depression of circuits if left unchecked. In the last dec ...
... The mechanisms of Hebbian synaptic plasticity have been widely hypothesized to play a role in the activity-dependent development of neural circuits. However, these mechanisms are inherently unstable and would lead to the runaway excitation or depression of circuits if left unchecked. In the last dec ...
Does Loss of Nerve Growth Factor Receptors Precede Loss of
... brain, NGF receptors were detected with antibody ME20-4 in cell bodies and proximal neurites in the nucleusof the diagonal band of Broca and the nucleusbasalisof Meynert (Fig. lA-C). Within cell bodies,the reaction product wasconcentratedat the neuronal membrane and in the perinuclear area. No immun ...
... brain, NGF receptors were detected with antibody ME20-4 in cell bodies and proximal neurites in the nucleusof the diagonal band of Broca and the nucleusbasalisof Meynert (Fig. lA-C). Within cell bodies,the reaction product wasconcentratedat the neuronal membrane and in the perinuclear area. No immun ...
Brain Stem Catecholamine Mechanisms in Tonic and
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
Untitled
... produced rapid activation of GABAergic currents in neurons in brain slices with an axial resolution of approximately 2 µm and enabled high-resolution functional mapping of GABA-A receptors. The other caged GABA, when combined with an appropriate caged glutamate, allowed bimodal control of neuronal m ...
... produced rapid activation of GABAergic currents in neurons in brain slices with an axial resolution of approximately 2 µm and enabled high-resolution functional mapping of GABA-A receptors. The other caged GABA, when combined with an appropriate caged glutamate, allowed bimodal control of neuronal m ...