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- International Cardiovascular Forum Journal
- International Cardiovascular Forum Journal

... and limited exercise capacity, they have higher rate of depression as compared with previous studies done in other countries. We found also that female have poorer quality of life than male HF patients. This finding is in line with previous studies (7), (23). The female subjects in our country, trad ...
DR.IMRAN MEHFOOZ KHAN
DR.IMRAN MEHFOOZ KHAN

... the last 6 months. This complain has been progressive . Initially breathlessness was on exertion only but now she feels breathless on lying in bed without three pillows . She also wakes up from sleep a number of times at night. She lives on second floor and has to climb a flight of 10 stairs . Recen ...
Left ventricular remodeling and adenine nucleotides patients` with
Left ventricular remodeling and adenine nucleotides patients` with

... Sytina I. Kharkov National Medical University, Kharkov, Purpose: To study the concentration of adenine nucleotides depending on the remodeling type of LV in patients with hypertensive disease (HD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. Design and method. 50 patients were examined (30 women and 20 men, a ...
ECG ONE OF THE MOST USEFUL METHODS OF THE 20TH
ECG ONE OF THE MOST USEFUL METHODS OF THE 20TH

... The triangle is composed of the leads I, II, and III forming the shape. Leads aVL, aVR and aVF perpendicularly intersect each side to the triangle. Together, these six leads can paint a large picture of the patient’s overall cardiac health. Using these leads to assess axis and aid in rhythm determin ...
Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Cats - Veterinary Specialty Services
Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Cats - Veterinary Specialty Services

... comparison. Once congestive heart failure develops, they comprise the most important imaging test by which the response to medical therapy is assessed. An electrocardiogram (often called an EKG or ECG) is used to identify and characterize arrhythmias, or abnormalities in cardiac rhythm. Treatment of ...
Angie`s Info Off Scholar
Angie`s Info Off Scholar

... 1B) Identify several strategies you would use to monitor effectiveness of this medication. Monitor Strict I/O, Monitor patients weight daily at the same time everyday, monitor for peripheral edema, Auscultate lung sounds for diminished crackles and decreased shortness of breath. Also you need to mon ...
What Is the Heart? Lesson Idea PreK
What Is the Heart? Lesson Idea PreK

... Explain that the heart muscle is a pump. If possible, show children how a bicycle pump works. Let them feel the air rushing out as you push the handle. Some pumps pump air. Some pump water. What does the heart pump? Explain that it pumps blood through the body. Have children squeeze their fists to s ...
File
File

... Oxygen Poor Blood-pathway through body From the __________ of the body tissue  ________________ and ________________ vena cava  right ___________  _________________ valve  right ____________________  ______________________ semilunar valve  Pulmonary ___________  pulmonary __________  branch ...
Heart
Heart

... CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM (Modified cardiac muscle fibers) A. PURKINJE FIBERS 1. Subendocardial connective tissue area 2. fewer myofibrils (more space within each cell) 3. glycogen & mitochondria numerous 4. no intercalated discs; but desmosomes and gap junctions 5. can be bi-nucleate B. Sinoatrial ...
Final manuscript for IC - Imperial Spiral
Final manuscript for IC - Imperial Spiral

... filling pressures). Patients were randomised (2:1) to RD with the Symplicity™ catheter or continuing medical therapy. The primary success criterion was not met in that there were no differences between groups at 12 months for Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire score, peak oxygen uptak ...
Heart Notes
Heart Notes

...  Nutrients for energy, building materials  Oxygen for cellular respiration ...
Anti-remodelling Therapy (cont…)
Anti-remodelling Therapy (cont…)

... Spatially-heterogeneous sympathetic hyper-innervation results from longer-lasting AF. Arrhythmogenic structural remodelling develops after longer-term AF-induced remodelling, and uncontrolled ventricular rates accelerate structural remodelling by ...
The Cardiovascular System Entertainment Group Presents: The
The Cardiovascular System Entertainment Group Presents: The

... to ____________ artery – AORTIC– l. ventricle to the ______________ • CHORDAE TENDINAE – “________________” ...
Heart failure: Best options when ejection fraction is preserved
Heart failure: Best options when ejection fraction is preserved

... for acute decompensated HF.17 z ARBs. There is no evidence to show that ARB therapy improves morbidity or mortality in HFPEF. Using surrogate end points, ARBs have been associated with regression of LV hypertrophy, and losartan was found to improve exercise tolerance and quality of life, compared wi ...
A Case of Loeffler`s Endocarditis Associated with Churg
A Case of Loeffler`s Endocarditis Associated with Churg

... mortality in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). It can be presented as cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, vascular heart disease, congestive heart failure, pericardial effusion, and acute or chronic constrictive pericarditis.1-6) Loeffler’s endomyocarditis is an inflammatory cardiac condition charact ...
The Long QT Syndrome - Bahman Arrhythmia Clinic
The Long QT Syndrome - Bahman Arrhythmia Clinic

... • Beta-blocker therapy initiated • No further cardiac events noted over 5 years ...
Study endpoints assessment - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
Study endpoints assessment - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions

... (2) corrected TIMI frame count according to Gibson et al. (2), (3) MBG according to van’t Hof et al. (3), (4) thrombus score according to TIMI study group (4). As previously reported (5), we defined angiographic MVO as a final TIMI flow ≤2 or final TIMI flow 3 with an MBG <2 [modified from Gibson et ...
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS

... either spontaneous or induced during an EP study, but may not be due to a transient or reversible cause nor occur during the first 48 hours of an MI. 2. Familial or inherited conditions with a high risk of life-threatening VT (i.e., long QT syndrome or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). ...
Assessment of Systolic and Diastolic Cardiac Function beyond
Assessment of Systolic and Diastolic Cardiac Function beyond

... a cause of ischemic reduction of contractile reserve opposed to its reduction related to hypertrophy and fibrosis in hypertensive patients. In case of diagnosing ischemia, the assessment of wall motion abnormalities, both visual or by measuring myocardial velocities on TDI, is often completed by sym ...
Cardiac Muscle
Cardiac Muscle

... • A myocardial infarct is an area of heart tissue in which the cardiac cells have died; it is generally a result of ischemia. • During fibrillation, the normal pattern of the ECG is totally lost, and the heart ceases to act as a functioning pump. • Because the atria and ventricles are separated from ...
Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology - Dartmouth
Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology - Dartmouth

... an arrhythmia each year. In a 70-year lifetime, an average human heart Heart arrhythmias are very beats more than 2.5 common and nearly billion times everyone will experience an Atrial fibrillation is the most abnormal heart rhythm common sustained heart rhythm some time during their lives. disorder ...
Tachycardia After a Heart Failure Hospitalization
Tachycardia After a Heart Failure Hospitalization

Risk factors for heart disease
Risk factors for heart disease

... PTCA is a tx for blocked arteries that can be performed upon completion of the angiogram.A catheter with a balloon ath the end is placed in the artery at the site of the blockage. As the balloon is inflated and enlarges the diameter of the artery. This increases blood flow ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
Peer-reviewed Article PDF

Natural Excitation of the Heart
Natural Excitation of the Heart

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Cardiac contractility modulation



Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.
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