ECG interpretation - Division of Cardiac Imaging
... The rules for working out the cardiac axis are as follows: Calculate the net deflection of each lead – e.g. in lead I, if there is a Q wave measuring three small squares and an R wave height of six small squares, the net deflection is þ3. Do this for leads I and aVF. A net positive deflection go ...
... The rules for working out the cardiac axis are as follows: Calculate the net deflection of each lead – e.g. in lead I, if there is a Q wave measuring three small squares and an R wave height of six small squares, the net deflection is þ3. Do this for leads I and aVF. A net positive deflection go ...
Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate)
... • If another medical problem, such as hypothyroidism or an electrolyte imbalance, is causing a slow heart rate, treating that problem may cure the bradycardia. • If a medicine is causing your heart to beat too slowly, your doctor may adjust the dose or prescribe a different medicine. If you cannot s ...
... • If another medical problem, such as hypothyroidism or an electrolyte imbalance, is causing a slow heart rate, treating that problem may cure the bradycardia. • If a medicine is causing your heart to beat too slowly, your doctor may adjust the dose or prescribe a different medicine. If you cannot s ...
Rhythm Recognition.
... Other Features to distinguish VT. Capture beats - normal looking beat. Occurs at exactly right time to be conducted through. VT continues immediately following. Fusion beats combination of sinus and ventricular beat. ...
... Other Features to distinguish VT. Capture beats - normal looking beat. Occurs at exactly right time to be conducted through. VT continues immediately following. Fusion beats combination of sinus and ventricular beat. ...
The Clinical Value of Mitral A-Wave Deceleration Time in the
... who were unaware of the study protocol, with an ATLUM9 ultrasound unit, using a 2.5 MHz phased array transducer. LV filling was assessed with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Measurements were obtained with the transducer in the apical four-chamber view, and the Doppler beam aligned as perpendi ...
... who were unaware of the study protocol, with an ATLUM9 ultrasound unit, using a 2.5 MHz phased array transducer. LV filling was assessed with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Measurements were obtained with the transducer in the apical four-chamber view, and the Doppler beam aligned as perpendi ...
Collison 2014
... Born and schooled in Bangalore, I completed my MBBS and MS from CMC Vellore, before moving to Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi in 2002 for cardiac surgery training. I worked at this world renowned hospital for 9 years, where I gained wide exposure to the practical aspects of ca ...
... Born and schooled in Bangalore, I completed my MBBS and MS from CMC Vellore, before moving to Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi in 2002 for cardiac surgery training. I worked at this world renowned hospital for 9 years, where I gained wide exposure to the practical aspects of ca ...
ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of
... HF, and nearly 500,000 patients are diagnosed with HF for the first time each year. The disorder is the underlying reason for 12 to 15 million office visits and 6.5 million hospital days each year (1). During the last 10 years, the annual number of hospitalizations has increased from approximately 5 ...
... HF, and nearly 500,000 patients are diagnosed with HF for the first time each year. The disorder is the underlying reason for 12 to 15 million office visits and 6.5 million hospital days each year (1). During the last 10 years, the annual number of hospitalizations has increased from approximately 5 ...
Heart rate changes during electroconvulsive therapy | SpringerLink
... significantly with age, and there was no association between energy used and hemodynamic response. Swartz and Shen [7] reported on a large non-consecutive sample of 177 patients. The majority had left-anterior right-temporal electrode placement, and 40 patients received bifrontotemporal placement. R ...
... significantly with age, and there was no association between energy used and hemodynamic response. Swartz and Shen [7] reported on a large non-consecutive sample of 177 patients. The majority had left-anterior right-temporal electrode placement, and 40 patients received bifrontotemporal placement. R ...
المحاضرة 02 كيفية رسم وقراءة التغيرات الكهربية للقلب 1
... reaches the main muscle mass of the ventricles, the left ventricular signal overwhelms all other signals and as it is moving away from V1, the deflection produced on the ECG recording from this lead becomes negative. In contrast, however, this signal is moving towards lead V6 producing a strong pos ...
... reaches the main muscle mass of the ventricles, the left ventricular signal overwhelms all other signals and as it is moving away from V1, the deflection produced on the ECG recording from this lead becomes negative. In contrast, however, this signal is moving towards lead V6 producing a strong pos ...
The Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Guidelines
... For defibrillation in a patient who has an automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD), the prior guidelines suggested positioning the pad at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) away from the device. In order to try to prevent any delay in beginning chest compressions, it is now acceptable to place pa ...
... For defibrillation in a patient who has an automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD), the prior guidelines suggested positioning the pad at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) away from the device. In order to try to prevent any delay in beginning chest compressions, it is now acceptable to place pa ...
Cardiac Muscle - Judith Brown CPD
... These changes take place in a coordinated sequence over many seconds, so that the initial response to adrenalin may be a pounding heart, but both the rate and the force of contraction tend to return to normal when the stimulation is prolonged. Skeletal muscle can contract in the absence of extracell ...
... These changes take place in a coordinated sequence over many seconds, so that the initial response to adrenalin may be a pounding heart, but both the rate and the force of contraction tend to return to normal when the stimulation is prolonged. Skeletal muscle can contract in the absence of extracell ...
Catheterization lab procedure lowers risk for heart patient Heart
... stent in the central pulmonary artery to both lungs. This ingenious yet simple technique allowed hepatic blood to enter the right and left pulmonary arteries without needing to perform a complex operation. One month later, the patient’s oxygen saturation was up to 94 percent, and Sathanandam expects ...
... stent in the central pulmonary artery to both lungs. This ingenious yet simple technique allowed hepatic blood to enter the right and left pulmonary arteries without needing to perform a complex operation. One month later, the patient’s oxygen saturation was up to 94 percent, and Sathanandam expects ...
reduced left ventricular systolic function differentiate between
... to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.1 2 On the basis of previous reports, as many as 50% of patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) do not have clinical symptoms related to chronic heart failure.3 These patients may remain asymptomatic for years and when symptoms or cl ...
... to left ventricular systolic dysfunction.1 2 On the basis of previous reports, as many as 50% of patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) do not have clinical symptoms related to chronic heart failure.3 These patients may remain asymptomatic for years and when symptoms or cl ...
"TRAINING GENERAL DOCTORS ENDOKRINALOGIEY
... SUDDEN DEATH. CAUSE OF SUDDEN DEATH. The term "sudden death" is used in the literature for over 250 years, but until now there is no single definition of it. By sudden death means either instant death or death occurring within a few minutes, 1 hour or 6 hours and even 24 hours after permanent sympt ...
... SUDDEN DEATH. CAUSE OF SUDDEN DEATH. The term "sudden death" is used in the literature for over 250 years, but until now there is no single definition of it. By sudden death means either instant death or death occurring within a few minutes, 1 hour or 6 hours and even 24 hours after permanent sympt ...
ECG Identification of Scar-Related Ventricular Tachycardia With a
... ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Discrimination between idiopathic and scar-related LBBB pattern VA has important clinical implications. We hypothesized that the VA QRS morphology is influenced by the presence of ventricular scar, allowing ECG discrimination of VA arising from structurally normal versu ...
... ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Discrimination between idiopathic and scar-related LBBB pattern VA has important clinical implications. We hypothesized that the VA QRS morphology is influenced by the presence of ventricular scar, allowing ECG discrimination of VA arising from structurally normal versu ...
- The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
... mediastinal tumor invading the heart and left lung and “wrapping” the descending aorta (Fig 1). Coronary angiography revealed strong movements of the circumflex artery during heart cycles, and immobility of the arteries arose from the circumflex coronary artery supplying the tumor. The tumor had broke ...
... mediastinal tumor invading the heart and left lung and “wrapping” the descending aorta (Fig 1). Coronary angiography revealed strong movements of the circumflex artery during heart cycles, and immobility of the arteries arose from the circumflex coronary artery supplying the tumor. The tumor had broke ...
Androgenic Anabolic Steroid, Cocaine and Amphetamine Abuse
... their youth, myocardial infarction in AAS consumers usually occur due to endothelial dysfunction, vasospasms or hypercoagulability (6). Meanwhile, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) differential diagnosis may be considered in arterial hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, accumulation myocardia ...
... their youth, myocardial infarction in AAS consumers usually occur due to endothelial dysfunction, vasospasms or hypercoagulability (6). Meanwhile, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) differential diagnosis may be considered in arterial hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, accumulation myocardia ...
P wave morphology
... Step 4: Heart axis The heart axis points in the direction of the average electrical vector of all the depolarizing heart cells. A change of the heart axis or an extreme deviation can be an indication of pathology. A positive QRS complex (more above than below the baseline) in a certain lead means t ...
... Step 4: Heart axis The heart axis points in the direction of the average electrical vector of all the depolarizing heart cells. A change of the heart axis or an extreme deviation can be an indication of pathology. A positive QRS complex (more above than below the baseline) in a certain lead means t ...
Myocardial Scar Detected by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
... and Amyloidosis could also be considered as a differential diagnosis to our case. Nevertheless the findings of the CMR imaging do not really match either HCM or Amyloidosis. In addition because of the young age of our patient amyloidosis seems to be very unlikely. Our patient did not have the typica ...
... and Amyloidosis could also be considered as a differential diagnosis to our case. Nevertheless the findings of the CMR imaging do not really match either HCM or Amyloidosis. In addition because of the young age of our patient amyloidosis seems to be very unlikely. Our patient did not have the typica ...
Jorgensen J1010 manual march 07.indd
... minimize the “white coat” effect. Allow the animal to become familiar with its surroundings. Establishing contact with the patient is important, especially for the person administering the ECG. Consider owner participation in cases of small dogs or cats, or animals that are especially frightened. Sm ...
... minimize the “white coat” effect. Allow the animal to become familiar with its surroundings. Establishing contact with the patient is important, especially for the person administering the ECG. Consider owner participation in cases of small dogs or cats, or animals that are especially frightened. Sm ...
NOT ALL AV DISSOCIATION = COMPLETE HEART
... IV. Clinical Aspects of Supraventricular Tachycardias 1.Clinical predisposing AVNRT/AVRT- usually occur in health young pts. Ectopic atrial Tachycardia- pt. w/ and w/o heart disease Multifocal Ectopic atrial tachy- most common in pt. with COPD w/ hypoxemia! ischemia of atria lead to “pacemak ...
... IV. Clinical Aspects of Supraventricular Tachycardias 1.Clinical predisposing AVNRT/AVRT- usually occur in health young pts. Ectopic atrial Tachycardia- pt. w/ and w/o heart disease Multifocal Ectopic atrial tachy- most common in pt. with COPD w/ hypoxemia! ischemia of atria lead to “pacemak ...
Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD): Facts, Guidelines and Beyond
... • Ruling out structural heart disease should be the first step for high risk patients for sudden death • Inherited diseases and channelopathies are rare but dangerous and need a close eye • EP studies have a role in only specific patients and has poor negative predictive value ...
... • Ruling out structural heart disease should be the first step for high risk patients for sudden death • Inherited diseases and channelopathies are rare but dangerous and need a close eye • EP studies have a role in only specific patients and has poor negative predictive value ...
Expert consensus document on b-adrenergic receptor blockers of Cardiology
... broader populations; in fact, patients with contraindications are excluded from clinical trials. Besides, the same strength of evidence may reflect different clinical benefit: mortality, morbidity, clinical symptoms or combined end-points; large or small benefit albeit statistically significant; easily ...
... broader populations; in fact, patients with contraindications are excluded from clinical trials. Besides, the same strength of evidence may reflect different clinical benefit: mortality, morbidity, clinical symptoms or combined end-points; large or small benefit albeit statistically significant; easily ...
file (Class Review: Loop Diuretics)
... 2. Cosin et al5. conducted a study assessing mortality in 1377 patients with NYHA Class II–III HF from 231 centers in Spain who were receiving torsemide 10mg, furosemide 40mg. or other diuretics at the recommended daily dosages for 12 months. Existing concomitant HF medications were continued and do ...
... 2. Cosin et al5. conducted a study assessing mortality in 1377 patients with NYHA Class II–III HF from 231 centers in Spain who were receiving torsemide 10mg, furosemide 40mg. or other diuretics at the recommended daily dosages for 12 months. Existing concomitant HF medications were continued and do ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.