SECTION 1: CARDIOLOGY CHAPTER 2: HYPERTENSION
... the patient is confused, somnolent, and complaining of headache. Her blood pressure is 230/114 bilaterally. Funduscopic examination shows arteriolar narrowing and indistinct optic disc margins. The lung examination reveals no rales; the cardiac examination is significant for an S4 gallop and a grade ...
... the patient is confused, somnolent, and complaining of headache. Her blood pressure is 230/114 bilaterally. Funduscopic examination shows arteriolar narrowing and indistinct optic disc margins. The lung examination reveals no rales; the cardiac examination is significant for an S4 gallop and a grade ...
Heart Rate Variability in Time Domain after Acute Myocardial Infarction
... exhibiting different conduction velocities and refractory periods. In case of unidircctional block, the entering impulse is conducted antegradely through one pathway, but blocked in thc second pathway. From the distal connection the impulse is conducted retrogradely throu&, the second limb. If the i ...
... exhibiting different conduction velocities and refractory periods. In case of unidircctional block, the entering impulse is conducted antegradely through one pathway, but blocked in thc second pathway. From the distal connection the impulse is conducted retrogradely throu&, the second limb. If the i ...
Atrial Fibrillation In Heart Failure
... dysfunction, atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke, mortality and reduces quality of life. Recent advances in implantable device technology have improved the detection of atrial fibrillation and reduced the time to intervention. Rate control remains the mainstay of treatment to improve sy ...
... dysfunction, atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke, mortality and reduces quality of life. Recent advances in implantable device technology have improved the detection of atrial fibrillation and reduced the time to intervention. Rate control remains the mainstay of treatment to improve sy ...
1 - European Heart Journal
... serving as conduits for paradoxical embolization (i.e. PFO, patent foramen ovale). Recommendations are important in this field for several reasons. (1) The clinical diagnosis is now dominated by echocardiography which has become the standard to evaluate these patients; however, better transducers an ...
... serving as conduits for paradoxical embolization (i.e. PFO, patent foramen ovale). Recommendations are important in this field for several reasons. (1) The clinical diagnosis is now dominated by echocardiography which has become the standard to evaluate these patients; however, better transducers an ...
MitraI-Septal Separation: New Echocardiographic Index of Left
... coronary arteriography, are listed in Table I. In addition, 30 normal subjects without clinical, historical or electrocardiographic evidence of heart disease were studied echocardiographically. Eehocardiographic measurements: Echocardiograms were performed using commercially available 0.5 inch (1.27 ...
... coronary arteriography, are listed in Table I. In addition, 30 normal subjects without clinical, historical or electrocardiographic evidence of heart disease were studied echocardiographically. Eehocardiographic measurements: Echocardiograms were performed using commercially available 0.5 inch (1.27 ...
New York Heart Association Classification
... people with heart failure who have atrial fibrillation reduces risk of stroke by 60-70%. When a variety of different pharmacological options are available, positive benefits are achievable if the drugs are provided appropriately and patients are supported to be concordant with their treatment.1,2 Th ...
... people with heart failure who have atrial fibrillation reduces risk of stroke by 60-70%. When a variety of different pharmacological options are available, positive benefits are achievable if the drugs are provided appropriately and patients are supported to be concordant with their treatment.1,2 Th ...
ASSOCIATION OF SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION WITH LEFT
... in the same direction of the data obtained by our group, confirming the early compromise of both systolic and diastolic function in hypertensive patients, mostly of the longitudinal left ventricular fibers, and the authors concluded that a highly significant association between left ventricular dias ...
... in the same direction of the data obtained by our group, confirming the early compromise of both systolic and diastolic function in hypertensive patients, mostly of the longitudinal left ventricular fibers, and the authors concluded that a highly significant association between left ventricular dias ...
Atrial Fibrillation* Reversion to Normal Sinus Rhythm portions of
... Auricular, or atrial fibrillation, is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. The mechanism of diagnosis will not be considered here, but rather the clinical criteria for attempted reversion to normal sinus rhythm. This report is concerned with the chronic type associated with severe organic hea ...
... Auricular, or atrial fibrillation, is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. The mechanism of diagnosis will not be considered here, but rather the clinical criteria for attempted reversion to normal sinus rhythm. This report is concerned with the chronic type associated with severe organic hea ...
Atrial Fibrillation* Reversion to Normal Sinus
... Auricular, or atrial fibrillation, is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. The mechanism of diagnosis will not be considered here, but rather the clinical criteria for attempted reversion to normal sinus rhythm. This report is concerned with the chronic type associated with severe organic hea ...
... Auricular, or atrial fibrillation, is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. The mechanism of diagnosis will not be considered here, but rather the clinical criteria for attempted reversion to normal sinus rhythm. This report is concerned with the chronic type associated with severe organic hea ...
De Novo Acute Heart Failure and Acutely Decompensated Chronic
... failure has a poor prognosis; it is associated with a high rate of rehospitalization and a 1-year mortality of 20–30%. Methods: This review is based on pertinent literature, including guidelines, retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. Results: There are different types of acute heart failure; th ...
... failure has a poor prognosis; it is associated with a high rate of rehospitalization and a 1-year mortality of 20–30%. Methods: This review is based on pertinent literature, including guidelines, retrieved by a selective search in PubMed. Results: There are different types of acute heart failure; th ...
Heart Transplantation in Children with a Fontan Procedure
... • First transplant for congenital heart disease also in December, 1967 • Increasing success with surgical management of single ventricle heart disease • Seemingly increasing number of Fontan patients who will need heart transplantation ...
... • First transplant for congenital heart disease also in December, 1967 • Increasing success with surgical management of single ventricle heart disease • Seemingly increasing number of Fontan patients who will need heart transplantation ...
February 2008 - Advocatehealth.com
... Think “out of the box” Tamponade, cardiac Check for JVD, B/P Check for JVD, B/P, ...
... Think “out of the box” Tamponade, cardiac Check for JVD, B/P Check for JVD, B/P, ...
Heart Transplantation in Children with a Fontan Procedure
... Type of Fontan Failure Affects Results • 34 patients with failing Fontan from Boston • 18 with impaired ventricular function, 16 with preserved ventricular function • All deaths in the 20 transplanted Fontan pts had preserved ventricular function ...
... Type of Fontan Failure Affects Results • 34 patients with failing Fontan from Boston • 18 with impaired ventricular function, 16 with preserved ventricular function • All deaths in the 20 transplanted Fontan pts had preserved ventricular function ...
Utility of Right Ventricular Strain Imaging in Predicting Pulmonary
... flutter ⁄ fibrillation or any other arrhythmias confounding the echocardiographic measurements, history of previous cardiac surgery such as coronary artery bypass grafting and any valve repair or replacement, advanced documented lung disease, complex congenital heart disease, and poor echocardiograp ...
... flutter ⁄ fibrillation or any other arrhythmias confounding the echocardiographic measurements, history of previous cardiac surgery such as coronary artery bypass grafting and any valve repair or replacement, advanced documented lung disease, complex congenital heart disease, and poor echocardiograp ...
Impaired left ventricular filling due to right-to
... strated that the reduction of SV in PAH patients is related to the filling state of the LV at end diastole, which is reduced because of an abnormal filling pattern. The main mechanism of LV underfilling was leftward interventricular septum displacement. Series vs. direct ventricular interaction. Imp ...
... strated that the reduction of SV in PAH patients is related to the filling state of the LV at end diastole, which is reduced because of an abnormal filling pattern. The main mechanism of LV underfilling was leftward interventricular septum displacement. Series vs. direct ventricular interaction. Imp ...
Effect of precipitating factors of acute heart failure on readmission
... long-term survival in the overall population and in patients aged 75 years or younger. Methods and results Patients admitted with AHF (n = 755) included in the multicentre cohort ‘Biomarcoeurs’ were included in the study. Precipitating factors of AHF were classified in four main groups: acute coronar ...
... long-term survival in the overall population and in patients aged 75 years or younger. Methods and results Patients admitted with AHF (n = 755) included in the multicentre cohort ‘Biomarcoeurs’ were included in the study. Precipitating factors of AHF were classified in four main groups: acute coronar ...
18th Annual Scientific Assembly - Heart Failure Society of America
... AN INCREASED HEART RATE OF ≥70 BPM ...
... AN INCREASED HEART RATE OF ≥70 BPM ...
Article - SBC Magazine
... Sudden Cardiac Arrest, or SCA, can happen anywhere at any time to virtually anyone, young or old. In the U.S., more than 325,000 people experience SCA every year which equates to roughly 900 people every day. Sadly, without immediate treatment, more than 95 percent of these victims die before they e ...
... Sudden Cardiac Arrest, or SCA, can happen anywhere at any time to virtually anyone, young or old. In the U.S., more than 325,000 people experience SCA every year which equates to roughly 900 people every day. Sadly, without immediate treatment, more than 95 percent of these victims die before they e ...
Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation in Acute Myocardial Infarction
... demonstrate clinical signs of low cardiac output and adequate intravascular volume (2). This mechanical cardiac-assist device significantly increases diastolic and mean blood pressure in the aorta and coronary arteries, while decreasing systolic pressure at the same time, thereby unloading the failin ...
... demonstrate clinical signs of low cardiac output and adequate intravascular volume (2). This mechanical cardiac-assist device significantly increases diastolic and mean blood pressure in the aorta and coronary arteries, while decreasing systolic pressure at the same time, thereby unloading the failin ...
Echocardiographic Determination of Contraction and
... characterized by fibrosis of the epicardial half of the left ventricle. This cardiomyopathy is difficult to detect by noninvasive techniques. We report a technique that evaluates incremental left ventricular posterior wall thickening and thinning. High-quality left ventricular posterior wall echoes ...
... characterized by fibrosis of the epicardial half of the left ventricle. This cardiomyopathy is difficult to detect by noninvasive techniques. We report a technique that evaluates incremental left ventricular posterior wall thickening and thinning. High-quality left ventricular posterior wall echoes ...
ecg interpretation
... Reduces the door to perfusion time in those candidates eligible for immediate reperfusion therapy. ECG changes may disappear after treatment of ischemia in the field and before arrival at the ED. This is not a problem if the 12 lead was performed with the first set of vital signs. If the patient has ...
... Reduces the door to perfusion time in those candidates eligible for immediate reperfusion therapy. ECG changes may disappear after treatment of ischemia in the field and before arrival at the ED. This is not a problem if the 12 lead was performed with the first set of vital signs. If the patient has ...
Evidence Based Guidelines for Exercise and Chronic Heart Failure
... Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by an intolerance to exercise, with this group of patients often experiencing early fatigue and shortness of breath. Such symptoms impact upon one’s ability to perform activities of daily living, thus significantly contributing to reduced participation an ...
... Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by an intolerance to exercise, with this group of patients often experiencing early fatigue and shortness of breath. Such symptoms impact upon one’s ability to perform activities of daily living, thus significantly contributing to reduced participation an ...
EKG Paper ECG tracings are recorded on grid paper. The horizontal
... For ventricular rhythm, examine the R to R intervals on the EKG strip. Calipers or paper marks can be used to fix the distance for one R-R interval and then this distance can be compared to other R-R pairs. Within this web site, you will also be able to use virtual calipers. Are they regular, meanin ...
... For ventricular rhythm, examine the R to R intervals on the EKG strip. Calipers or paper marks can be used to fix the distance for one R-R interval and then this distance can be compared to other R-R pairs. Within this web site, you will also be able to use virtual calipers. Are they regular, meanin ...
atrial septostomy for pulmonary hypertension
... is restricted to only 25% or less of the population.[17] [22] For the larger group of patients with severe disease, interventions such as the long-term infusion of prostacyclin and lung transplantation have been shown to be beneficial,[3] [15] [22] but their worldwide application is limited by techn ...
... is restricted to only 25% or less of the population.[17] [22] For the larger group of patients with severe disease, interventions such as the long-term infusion of prostacyclin and lung transplantation have been shown to be beneficial,[3] [15] [22] but their worldwide application is limited by techn ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.