Principles of Cardiac Pacing
... the patient’s intrinsic electrical activity (mV) – Insufficient myocardial voltage – Dislodged, loose, fibrotic, or fractured electrode – Electrolyte abnormalities – Low battery voltage ...
... the patient’s intrinsic electrical activity (mV) – Insufficient myocardial voltage – Dislodged, loose, fibrotic, or fractured electrode – Electrolyte abnormalities – Low battery voltage ...
Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology
... The cardiac output is the volume of blood that is ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta over a given time period (L/min). At rest cardiac output is 4-8 L/min in an healthy adult. This can rise up to 25 litres/min during severe exercise. ...
... The cardiac output is the volume of blood that is ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta over a given time period (L/min). At rest cardiac output is 4-8 L/min in an healthy adult. This can rise up to 25 litres/min during severe exercise. ...
at different heart rates - IFM
... well-known Frank–Starling mechanism. Although this 58.3±3.5·beats·min–1 (N=10) to 0.07±0.05·kPa after mechanism is well understood from heart perfusion injection of zatebradine (4·mg·kg–1). The operation of the studies, less is known about how this mechanism operates so-called time-dependent autoreg ...
... well-known Frank–Starling mechanism. Although this 58.3±3.5·beats·min–1 (N=10) to 0.07±0.05·kPa after mechanism is well understood from heart perfusion injection of zatebradine (4·mg·kg–1). The operation of the studies, less is known about how this mechanism operates so-called time-dependent autoreg ...
33592-Review - F6 Publishing Home
... Women have a 9-fold higher risk of TC compared to men[4]. Women > 55 years have about 5-fold higher risk than women < 55 years[4]. While a physical or emotional trigger is often identified, no specific triggers have been reported in little over a fourth of TC patients[4]. Reported stressors include ...
... Women have a 9-fold higher risk of TC compared to men[4]. Women > 55 years have about 5-fold higher risk than women < 55 years[4]. While a physical or emotional trigger is often identified, no specific triggers have been reported in little over a fourth of TC patients[4]. Reported stressors include ...
erythro_article
... for the protection of human subjects, and informed consent was waived. The study cohort included 1,249,943 person-years of follow-up. The mean age among members of the cohort was 45 years; 25 percent of the subjects were 65 years of age or older. Female subjects accounted for 70 percent of the cohor ...
... for the protection of human subjects, and informed consent was waived. The study cohort included 1,249,943 person-years of follow-up. The mean age among members of the cohort was 45 years; 25 percent of the subjects were 65 years of age or older. Female subjects accounted for 70 percent of the cohor ...
AS TIMING AND INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY DR
... 4. AVR is reasonable in symptomatic patients with lowflow/low gradient severe AS (stage D3) with an LVEF 50% or greater, a calcified aortic valve with significantly reduced leaflet motion and a valve area 1.0 cm or less only if clinical, hemodynamic and anatomic data support valve obstruction as the ...
... 4. AVR is reasonable in symptomatic patients with lowflow/low gradient severe AS (stage D3) with an LVEF 50% or greater, a calcified aortic valve with significantly reduced leaflet motion and a valve area 1.0 cm or less only if clinical, hemodynamic and anatomic data support valve obstruction as the ...
Influence of Patern and Degree of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy on
... ventricular disfunction. Patients with eccentric LVH possibly have the largest LA dimension, and can have a slightly lower incidence of supraventricular premature beats then those with concentric LVH, meaning that the LA size is not the only factor that affecs the prevalence of supraventricular arrh ...
... ventricular disfunction. Patients with eccentric LVH possibly have the largest LA dimension, and can have a slightly lower incidence of supraventricular premature beats then those with concentric LVH, meaning that the LA size is not the only factor that affecs the prevalence of supraventricular arrh ...
Chapter 18 Powerpoint B
... Heart Physiology: Setting the Basic Rhythm • Coordinated heartbeat is a function of – Presence of gap junctions – Intrinsic cardiac conduction system • Network of noncontractile (autorhythmic) cells • Initiate and distribute impulses coordinated depolarization and contraction of heart ...
... Heart Physiology: Setting the Basic Rhythm • Coordinated heartbeat is a function of – Presence of gap junctions – Intrinsic cardiac conduction system • Network of noncontractile (autorhythmic) cells • Initiate and distribute impulses coordinated depolarization and contraction of heart ...
Anesthesia Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular
... remain unchanged.11,13 Myocardial contractility and left ventricular mass also increase during pregnancy.14 ...
... remain unchanged.11,13 Myocardial contractility and left ventricular mass also increase during pregnancy.14 ...
Pulmonary valve replacement after surgical repair
... early intervention has also been suggested as a means of reducing right ventricular volume overload.9 Table 3 lists the suggested criteria for PVR in different centres.9,16 As per these criteria, our centre offers PVR to anyone who is symptomatic due to severe PR, as well as asymptomatic individuals ...
... early intervention has also been suggested as a means of reducing right ventricular volume overload.9 Table 3 lists the suggested criteria for PVR in different centres.9,16 As per these criteria, our centre offers PVR to anyone who is symptomatic due to severe PR, as well as asymptomatic individuals ...
Cardiotoxicity in cancer patients treated with 5
... Purpose: To systematically review the incidence, manifestations and predisposing factors for cardiovascular toxicity in cancer patients treated with systemic 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine. Design: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of science for studies with P20 cancer patients evaluating cardiovas ...
... Purpose: To systematically review the incidence, manifestations and predisposing factors for cardiovascular toxicity in cancer patients treated with systemic 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine. Design: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of science for studies with P20 cancer patients evaluating cardiovas ...
Left ventricular systolic/diastolic function evaluated by quantitative
... analysis by two- (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography has recently been tried.17 The 1D UCG analysis may cause some error in cases including the distortion of the shape of the LV with right ventricular dilatation or aneurysm formation and the lack of uniformity of contraction of the LV wi ...
... analysis by two- (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography has recently been tried.17 The 1D UCG analysis may cause some error in cases including the distortion of the shape of the LV with right ventricular dilatation or aneurysm formation and the lack of uniformity of contraction of the LV wi ...
A Risk Score to Predict Arrhythmias in Patients with Unexplained
... Both studies were approved by their institutional review board. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before his or her enrollment. Study Setting and Population. The derivation cohort included patients recruited between 1998 and 2000 at the Hôpital Cantonal, the main teaching hosp ...
... Both studies were approved by their institutional review board. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before his or her enrollment. Study Setting and Population. The derivation cohort included patients recruited between 1998 and 2000 at the Hôpital Cantonal, the main teaching hosp ...
Cardiology - Oxford Society of Paediatrics
... • A. Recommend early operative closure • B. Review the child constantly, expecting spontaneous closure within the next five years • C. Recommend prophylactic penicillin until operation is performed • D. Delay operation until the child has reached its expected weight for age • E. Explain to the paren ...
... • A. Recommend early operative closure • B. Review the child constantly, expecting spontaneous closure within the next five years • C. Recommend prophylactic penicillin until operation is performed • D. Delay operation until the child has reached its expected weight for age • E. Explain to the paren ...
Reading an athlete`s ECG: from ESC to Seattle and beyond
... may be unnecessarily disqualified from competition for abnormalities that fall within the normal range for athletes (specificity). • Alternatively, signs of potentially lethal cardiovascular disorders may be misinterpreted as normal variants of an athlete's ECG (sensitivity). ...
... may be unnecessarily disqualified from competition for abnormalities that fall within the normal range for athletes (specificity). • Alternatively, signs of potentially lethal cardiovascular disorders may be misinterpreted as normal variants of an athlete's ECG (sensitivity). ...
Correspondence
... N-ANP levels may last for a longer time than ANP because the former has a longer half-life. Goetze et al4 showed that plasma BNP and proBNP levels are higher than controls in patients who have CAD with normal systolic function. Although left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was similar in the CA ...
... N-ANP levels may last for a longer time than ANP because the former has a longer half-life. Goetze et al4 showed that plasma BNP and proBNP levels are higher than controls in patients who have CAD with normal systolic function. Although left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was similar in the CA ...
OPTIONS FOR TREATMENT - HRS
... warning signs. In contrast, SCA is an electrical problem in the heart that causes the heart to beat so fast that it cannot fill and thus cannot pump blood. SCA may have no symptoms and can occur without warning. Patients who have had a heart attack or a previous cardiac arrest (when the heart’s elect ...
... warning signs. In contrast, SCA is an electrical problem in the heart that causes the heart to beat so fast that it cannot fill and thus cannot pump blood. SCA may have no symptoms and can occur without warning. Patients who have had a heart attack or a previous cardiac arrest (when the heart’s elect ...
Aldosterone Synthase Promoter Polymorphism Predicts Outcome in
... cohort, the C allele was associated with a trend towards lower LVEF at 6 months. This was particularly significant for the subset on placebo and was not evident for subjects randomized to I/H. Of note, the impact of the C allele was also more pronounced for subjects on aldosterone receptor antagonis ...
... cohort, the C allele was associated with a trend towards lower LVEF at 6 months. This was particularly significant for the subset on placebo and was not evident for subjects randomized to I/H. Of note, the impact of the C allele was also more pronounced for subjects on aldosterone receptor antagonis ...
Required Changes to Prior Submission
... Acute exercise A number of physiological factors that influence ventricular torsion are augmented during exercise. The return of blood back to the heart through the veins, the ability of the cardiac muscle to generate force and sympathetic predominance (the excitatory reflex of the body) increase du ...
... Acute exercise A number of physiological factors that influence ventricular torsion are augmented during exercise. The return of blood back to the heart through the veins, the ability of the cardiac muscle to generate force and sympathetic predominance (the excitatory reflex of the body) increase du ...
Kathleen Stergiopoulos, Elaine Shiang, and Travis Bench 2011;58;337-350 doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.04.014
... a history of valvular or congenital heart disease, significant dyspnea or any symptoms, any signs of heart failure, any systolic murmur grade ⬎II, or any diastolic murmur. In addition, the etiology and degree of valvular regurgitation and/or stenosis, degree of pulmonary hypertension, and—if present ...
... a history of valvular or congenital heart disease, significant dyspnea or any symptoms, any signs of heart failure, any systolic murmur grade ⬎II, or any diastolic murmur. In addition, the etiology and degree of valvular regurgitation and/or stenosis, degree of pulmonary hypertension, and—if present ...
Noncardiac surgery in patients with aortic stenosis
... Among patients undergoing major surgery, invasive hemodynamic monitoring should be considered to ensure that left ventricular preload is maintained in an optimal range. Hemodynamic monitoring should begin 12 to 24 hours preoperatively and continue for 24 to 48 hours postoperatively to cover the time ...
... Among patients undergoing major surgery, invasive hemodynamic monitoring should be considered to ensure that left ventricular preload is maintained in an optimal range. Hemodynamic monitoring should begin 12 to 24 hours preoperatively and continue for 24 to 48 hours postoperatively to cover the time ...
Sudden Transitional Death Risk: When an ICD Isn`t the
... What are the current ICD guidelines? Multiple guidelines have been issued over the years, but there is the most recent update, Figure 10. To simplify the guideline, for primary and secondary prophylactic therapy--ischemic and nonischemic patients are included--the patient should be on optimal medica ...
... What are the current ICD guidelines? Multiple guidelines have been issued over the years, but there is the most recent update, Figure 10. To simplify the guideline, for primary and secondary prophylactic therapy--ischemic and nonischemic patients are included--the patient should be on optimal medica ...
Exercise training in heart failure: from theory to practice
... University Graz, Graz, Austria; 10Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; 11Division of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Centre Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; 12University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 13Applied Ca ...
... University Graz, Graz, Austria; 10Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; 11Division of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Centre Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; 12University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 13Applied Ca ...
Heart failure with systolic dysfunction complicating acute myocardial
... Nearly half of all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and one quarter show symptoms of heart failure (HF), both of which are associated with poor outcomes [1—6]. Nevertheless, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) has s ...
... Nearly half of all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and one quarter show symptoms of heart failure (HF), both of which are associated with poor outcomes [1—6]. Nevertheless, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) has s ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.