![Swim Initiation Neurons in Tritonia diomedea1](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017667870_1-85a0e68167510e3aa59f91bd4dbc5eee-300x300.png)
Swim Initiation Neurons in Tritonia diomedea1
... a swim-eliciting stimulus (Lennard et al., 1980). Prior work (Getting and Dekin, 1985) concluded that this depolarization has an important role in initiating the swim motor program. Using a dye filled electrode, we searched for the missing ramp interneurons among the axons in the central commissure. ...
... a swim-eliciting stimulus (Lennard et al., 1980). Prior work (Getting and Dekin, 1985) concluded that this depolarization has an important role in initiating the swim motor program. Using a dye filled electrode, we searched for the missing ramp interneurons among the axons in the central commissure. ...
DOWN - Ubiquitous Computing Lab
... • Distinct feature of human brain – Organized in such a way that different sensory inputs are represented by topologically ordered computational maps • Computational map – Basic building block in information-processing infrastructure of the nervous system – Array of neurons representing slightly dif ...
... • Distinct feature of human brain – Organized in such a way that different sensory inputs are represented by topologically ordered computational maps • Computational map – Basic building block in information-processing infrastructure of the nervous system – Array of neurons representing slightly dif ...
Neuroscience: the Science of the Brain
... neurons making up the grey matter of the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia play a central role in the initiation and control of movement. (See Chapter 7 on Movement). Packed into the limited space of the skull, the cerebral cortex is thrown into folds that weave in and out to enable a much larger s ...
... neurons making up the grey matter of the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia play a central role in the initiation and control of movement. (See Chapter 7 on Movement). Packed into the limited space of the skull, the cerebral cortex is thrown into folds that weave in and out to enable a much larger s ...
Contacts among non-sister dendritic branches at
... Fig. 4 – Synapses at BDIs are enriched with postsynaptic NR1 and GluR2: 12DIV cultures immunostained for MAP2 in green and NR1 (A–C) or GluR2 (D) in red shows the highest concentration of these glutamate receptors at BDIs compared to other regions along the dendrites. (E) The fluorescence, per numbe ...
... Fig. 4 – Synapses at BDIs are enriched with postsynaptic NR1 and GluR2: 12DIV cultures immunostained for MAP2 in green and NR1 (A–C) or GluR2 (D) in red shows the highest concentration of these glutamate receptors at BDIs compared to other regions along the dendrites. (E) The fluorescence, per numbe ...
Powerpoint Slides for chapter 2
... • Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that controls arousal levels and plays a significant role in motor movement. • Dopamine also is involved in brain pathways that are responsible for reward and punishment. • Serotonin plays a role in weight regulation, sleep, depression, suicide, obsessive– compulsive ...
... • Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that controls arousal levels and plays a significant role in motor movement. • Dopamine also is involved in brain pathways that are responsible for reward and punishment. • Serotonin plays a role in weight regulation, sleep, depression, suicide, obsessive– compulsive ...
Is GABA excitatory or inhibitory at the AIS?
... patch pipette in an on‐cell mode. This configuration seals onto the cell without rupturing the membrane and allows the detection of action potentials but not subthreshold events. We wanted to use the on‐cell patch to firstly calculate the electrical current input needed to stimulate a single act ...
... patch pipette in an on‐cell mode. This configuration seals onto the cell without rupturing the membrane and allows the detection of action potentials but not subthreshold events. We wanted to use the on‐cell patch to firstly calculate the electrical current input needed to stimulate a single act ...
Axonal Dopamine Receptors Activate Peripheral Spike
... The increased burst frequency seen in dopamine was accompanied by a small depolarization of the PD neurons and a slight hyperpolarization of the LP neuron (Fig. 2C,D). Because these neurons release transmitter as a graded function of membrane potential and are reciprocally inhibitory (Fig. 2 F) (Rus ...
... The increased burst frequency seen in dopamine was accompanied by a small depolarization of the PD neurons and a slight hyperpolarization of the LP neuron (Fig. 2C,D). Because these neurons release transmitter as a graded function of membrane potential and are reciprocally inhibitory (Fig. 2 F) (Rus ...
The Role of Dopamine in Locomotor ... 173
... in s-s associative learning. It has been found that afthough pimozide produces a dose-dependent decrease in operant responding, it fails to affect the accuracy of a simultaneous or successive discriminations.lss.iY1. The DA receptor blocker, haloperidol has been reported to be without effect on shor ...
... in s-s associative learning. It has been found that afthough pimozide produces a dose-dependent decrease in operant responding, it fails to affect the accuracy of a simultaneous or successive discriminations.lss.iY1. The DA receptor blocker, haloperidol has been reported to be without effect on shor ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... stimulation of a single postsynaptic neuron (Prakash et al., 2012). A small number of postsynaptic neurons can now be activated, and even decorrelated, in similar ways using light patterning methods (see references above). The sparse activation practically eliminates the problem of common source inp ...
... stimulation of a single postsynaptic neuron (Prakash et al., 2012). A small number of postsynaptic neurons can now be activated, and even decorrelated, in similar ways using light patterning methods (see references above). The sparse activation practically eliminates the problem of common source inp ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results in a decrease, a single antennal sensitisation trial in a transient increase of odor evoked spike frequency, indicative for a dierential neural representation o ...
... responses, which are speci®c for associative and nonassociative stimulus paradigms (Mauelshagen 1993). A single conditioning trial results in a decrease, a single antennal sensitisation trial in a transient increase of odor evoked spike frequency, indicative for a dierential neural representation o ...
Sonic Hedgehog Expression in Corticofugal Projection Neurons
... of neurons or glia in these regions during this window of neural development. To assess the involvement of Shh in the regulation of neuronal growth and synaptogenesis, we performed Golgi analysis on P21–P28 brains of ShhcKO mice and wild-type control littermates (Figures 3A–3D). We observed signific ...
... of neurons or glia in these regions during this window of neural development. To assess the involvement of Shh in the regulation of neuronal growth and synaptogenesis, we performed Golgi analysis on P21–P28 brains of ShhcKO mice and wild-type control littermates (Figures 3A–3D). We observed signific ...
The contribution of intrinsic membrane dynamics to fast network
... 100 –200 Hz sharp-wave ripples) single cortical neurons typically fire irregularly at rates that are much lower than the oscillation frequency. Recent computational studies have provided a mathematical description of such fast oscillations, using the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron model. Here ...
... 100 –200 Hz sharp-wave ripples) single cortical neurons typically fire irregularly at rates that are much lower than the oscillation frequency. Recent computational studies have provided a mathematical description of such fast oscillations, using the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron model. Here ...
What does the eye tell the brain? Development of a system for the large-scale recording of retinal output activity
... These signals are ac-coupled by an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC—the “Platchip”), amplified, bandpass-filtered, and analog multiplexed by a second ASIC (the “Neurochip”), and then digitized and recorded by the data acquisition ...
... These signals are ac-coupled by an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC—the “Platchip”), amplified, bandpass-filtered, and analog multiplexed by a second ASIC (the “Neurochip”), and then digitized and recorded by the data acquisition ...
Neurotransmitter Profile of Saccadic Omnipause Neurons in
... diluted 1: 1 with distilled-water and dried for 4 hr. After exposure for 5 weeks at 4°C the slides were developed in Kodak D- 19 developer for 4 min at 12-l 5°C and fixed in Tetenal superfix (diluted 1:9 in distilled water) for 10 min. After washing for 2 hr in running water the sections were counte ...
... diluted 1: 1 with distilled-water and dried for 4 hr. After exposure for 5 weeks at 4°C the slides were developed in Kodak D- 19 developer for 4 min at 12-l 5°C and fixed in Tetenal superfix (diluted 1:9 in distilled water) for 10 min. After washing for 2 hr in running water the sections were counte ...
The Cl Area of the Brainstem in Tonic and Reflex
... The Cl area of RVL is sensitive to a variety of pharmacological agents, suggesting the richness of the transmitter regulation within the area's functional microcircuitry involved in the control of the circulation. Locally applied to RVL, GABA is a potent sympathoinhibitory agent. 8 ' x - 37 The fact ...
... The Cl area of RVL is sensitive to a variety of pharmacological agents, suggesting the richness of the transmitter regulation within the area's functional microcircuitry involved in the control of the circulation. Locally applied to RVL, GABA is a potent sympathoinhibitory agent. 8 ' x - 37 The fact ...
Morphological Identification of Cell Death in Dorsal Root Ganglion
... peripheral axotomy than motor neurons, probably because they depend more on neurotrophic molecules released by peripheral target organs [15]. Our study showed that direct reconnection of the proximal nerve stump with its distal stump will reduce the sensory neuronal loss from 42% to 23.7%. In the pr ...
... peripheral axotomy than motor neurons, probably because they depend more on neurotrophic molecules released by peripheral target organs [15]. Our study showed that direct reconnection of the proximal nerve stump with its distal stump will reduce the sensory neuronal loss from 42% to 23.7%. In the pr ...
Thermal impact on spiking properties in Hodgkin–Huxley neuron
... where T0 denotes the reference temperature at which the original electrophysiological experiment for model construction is done. (T0 = 6.3◦ C in this study for the HH system, see ref. [4]). To mimic these two effects of temperature on the HH system, the time constants of gating variables, τ s, in eq ...
... where T0 denotes the reference temperature at which the original electrophysiological experiment for model construction is done. (T0 = 6.3◦ C in this study for the HH system, see ref. [4]). To mimic these two effects of temperature on the HH system, the time constants of gating variables, τ s, in eq ...
Connectivity and circuitry in a dish versus in a brain
... whereas Cm values increase and the RMP shows a negative shift [4, 5]. These passive membrane properties render immature neurons highly excitable, as high Rin and τ values together with depolarized RMPs enable AP generation in response to weak membrane currents. Thereby, the electrophysiological prof ...
... whereas Cm values increase and the RMP shows a negative shift [4, 5]. These passive membrane properties render immature neurons highly excitable, as high Rin and τ values together with depolarized RMPs enable AP generation in response to weak membrane currents. Thereby, the electrophysiological prof ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... that neuronal firing rates are typically highly variable has been used as an argument that only the mean firing rate encodes information. A potential problem with rate coding is that given typical firing rates (10 –100 Hz) and the irregularity of firing (Poisson-like statistics), averaging times of ...
... that neuronal firing rates are typically highly variable has been used as an argument that only the mean firing rate encodes information. A potential problem with rate coding is that given typical firing rates (10 –100 Hz) and the irregularity of firing (Poisson-like statistics), averaging times of ...
serotonergic modulation of swimming speed in the pteropod mollusc
... Furthermore, depolarizing responses were blocked by bath application of 1025 mol l21 mianserin, suggesting that all major cell types in the swimming system were directly responsive to serotonin. On the basis of the locations of the cerebral immunoreactive neurons reported in the first paper in this ...
... Furthermore, depolarizing responses were blocked by bath application of 1025 mol l21 mianserin, suggesting that all major cell types in the swimming system were directly responsive to serotonin. On the basis of the locations of the cerebral immunoreactive neurons reported in the first paper in this ...
doc midterm 1 chapter notes
... Model: A mathematical or physical analogy for a physiological process; for example, computers have been used as models for various functions of the brain. It did not take long for this model to be tested experimentally, and to prove that Descartes was wrong. Galvani discovered that electrical impuls ...
... Model: A mathematical or physical analogy for a physiological process; for example, computers have been used as models for various functions of the brain. It did not take long for this model to be tested experimentally, and to prove that Descartes was wrong. Galvani discovered that electrical impuls ...
Encoding Information in Neuronal Activity
... 4.1 Introduction Neurons communicate by producing sequencesof fixed size electrical impulses called action potentials or spikes. Perceptions, decisions, and ideas are all encoded into trains of action potentials , but the basis of this coding schemeis still not well understood . Deciphering this cod ...
... 4.1 Introduction Neurons communicate by producing sequencesof fixed size electrical impulses called action potentials or spikes. Perceptions, decisions, and ideas are all encoded into trains of action potentials , but the basis of this coding schemeis still not well understood . Deciphering this cod ...
Dense Core Vesicle Release: Controlling the Where as
... regulation of synaptic activity (Coultrap and Bayer 2012). A postsynaptic role for CaMKII in triggering long-lasting changes in synaptic activity at some synapses has been established, although the relevant downstream targets remain to be defined (Nicoll and Roche 2013). A presynaptic role for CaMKII ...
... regulation of synaptic activity (Coultrap and Bayer 2012). A postsynaptic role for CaMKII in triggering long-lasting changes in synaptic activity at some synapses has been established, although the relevant downstream targets remain to be defined (Nicoll and Roche 2013). A presynaptic role for CaMKII ...