SPINAL ANATOMY - Circle of Docs
... 71. The cerebral aqueduct [Sylvius] connects A. the third and fourth ventricle B. the first and second ventricle C. the fourth ventricle with the spinal cord D. the lateral ventricles E. one cerebral peduncle with the ...
... 71. The cerebral aqueduct [Sylvius] connects A. the third and fourth ventricle B. the first and second ventricle C. the fourth ventricle with the spinal cord D. the lateral ventricles E. one cerebral peduncle with the ...
ACQ_and_the_Basal_Ganglia
... – The lateral hypothalamus does project to the SNc, VTA, and the ventral striatum (Saper et al., 1979; Fadel & Deutch, 2002; Brog et al., 1993) – The accumbens shell of the ventral striatum is reciprocally connected with the lateral hypothalamus and has been called a “sensory sentinel” or “visceral ...
... – The lateral hypothalamus does project to the SNc, VTA, and the ventral striatum (Saper et al., 1979; Fadel & Deutch, 2002; Brog et al., 1993) – The accumbens shell of the ventral striatum is reciprocally connected with the lateral hypothalamus and has been called a “sensory sentinel” or “visceral ...
Cre-Mediated Recombination in Rhombic Lip Derivatives
... rhombic lip (granule cell precursors and pontine nuclei), whereas generation of neurons that originate from the lower rhombic lip (olivary neurons) is unaffected (Akazawa et al., 1995; Ben-Arie et al., 1997, 2000). Mice expressing site-specific recombinases, such as CRE or FLP, under the control of ...
... rhombic lip (granule cell precursors and pontine nuclei), whereas generation of neurons that originate from the lower rhombic lip (olivary neurons) is unaffected (Akazawa et al., 1995; Ben-Arie et al., 1997, 2000). Mice expressing site-specific recombinases, such as CRE or FLP, under the control of ...
A Biologically Plausible Spiking Neuron Model of Fear Conditioning
... through the same channel, and high-dimensional representations of context and stimuli. There are also critical structural differences between the models: most notably in the way context-dependent extinction is implemented. We also propose a novel, but biologically plausible hippocampal circuit that ...
... through the same channel, and high-dimensional representations of context and stimuli. There are also critical structural differences between the models: most notably in the way context-dependent extinction is implemented. We also propose a novel, but biologically plausible hippocampal circuit that ...
Retention of Stem Cell Plasticity in Avian Primitive Streak Cells and
... Primitive streak (PS) is the first structure occurring in embryonic gastrulation, in which the epiblast cells undergo the epithelial-mesenchymal transition to become the loose mesoderm cells subsequently. Because the mesoderm cells departing from different portions of PS are blessed with disparate m ...
... Primitive streak (PS) is the first structure occurring in embryonic gastrulation, in which the epiblast cells undergo the epithelial-mesenchymal transition to become the loose mesoderm cells subsequently. Because the mesoderm cells departing from different portions of PS are blessed with disparate m ...
6 - Coach Eikrem's Website
... Transmission of Nerve Impulse Discharge of the action potential Membrane becomes permeable to potassium ions Potassium ions diffuse out of the cell Membrane is restored to its polarized state with a more negative charge inside the cell = repolarization Refractory period = time between the c ...
... Transmission of Nerve Impulse Discharge of the action potential Membrane becomes permeable to potassium ions Potassium ions diffuse out of the cell Membrane is restored to its polarized state with a more negative charge inside the cell = repolarization Refractory period = time between the c ...
Noradrenergic Modulation of Activity in a Vocal Control Nucleus In
... of cells (n ⫽ 53), the same parameters for spike detection were used both before and after NE-induced suppression. In comparing presuppression spike amplitude to postsuppression spike amplitude, the average percent change in amplitude was 8.5 ⫾ 8.1% (SD) (n ⫽ 53). Eighty-nine percent of these cells ...
... of cells (n ⫽ 53), the same parameters for spike detection were used both before and after NE-induced suppression. In comparing presuppression spike amplitude to postsuppression spike amplitude, the average percent change in amplitude was 8.5 ⫾ 8.1% (SD) (n ⫽ 53). Eighty-nine percent of these cells ...
6th ANNUAL NEUROSCIENCE, BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH RESEARCH FORUM The University of Vermont
... and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor (PAC1R), which is crucial for transducing signal in ...
... and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor (PAC1R), which is crucial for transducing signal in ...
Cooperation and biased competition model can explain attentional
... Consequently, the simulated dynamical processes, that putatively underly cognitive processes, can be quantitatively contrasted with experimental data. For this reason, it is convenient to include a thorough description of the different latencies of the synaptic activity. We depart from a biologicall ...
... Consequently, the simulated dynamical processes, that putatively underly cognitive processes, can be quantitatively contrasted with experimental data. For this reason, it is convenient to include a thorough description of the different latencies of the synaptic activity. We depart from a biologicall ...
bupropion and the autonomic nervous system
... bodies (or neurons) that travel to a large extent with the blood vessels to all parts of the body. Through these nervous pathways, the autonomic nerves convey stimuli resulting in largely unconscious, reflex, bodily adjustments such as in the size of the pupil, the digestive functions of the stomach ...
... bodies (or neurons) that travel to a large extent with the blood vessels to all parts of the body. Through these nervous pathways, the autonomic nerves convey stimuli resulting in largely unconscious, reflex, bodily adjustments such as in the size of the pupil, the digestive functions of the stomach ...
Commentary: Saccadic eye movements
... cortical and subcortical structures involved in controlling the behavior. Critical nodes in the network include regions of the parietal and frontal cortices, basal ganglia, thalamus, superior colliculus, cerebellum, and brainstem reticular formation. Specific functions are likely not localized to on ...
... cortical and subcortical structures involved in controlling the behavior. Critical nodes in the network include regions of the parietal and frontal cortices, basal ganglia, thalamus, superior colliculus, cerebellum, and brainstem reticular formation. Specific functions are likely not localized to on ...
VISCERAL SENSORY NEURONS THAT INNERVATE BOTH
... habits in the absence of detectable organic disease. In the context of visceral pain, the capsaicin-sensitive vanilloid (TRPV1) receptor is a sensory neuron-specific cation channel that belongs to the transient receptor potential subfamily 1 and plays an important role in transporting thermal and in ...
... habits in the absence of detectable organic disease. In the context of visceral pain, the capsaicin-sensitive vanilloid (TRPV1) receptor is a sensory neuron-specific cation channel that belongs to the transient receptor potential subfamily 1 and plays an important role in transporting thermal and in ...
Linköping University Post Print the developmental age of the cells
... (Oppenheim 1986). Accordingly, we used rat pups in our experiments on VHN and DRG neurons. Another plausible method seems to be the use of proteins of the neurotrophin family, since 1 ng/ml BDNF in the culture medium has been reported to enhance the survival of rat motor neurons by 60% (Hughes et a ...
... (Oppenheim 1986). Accordingly, we used rat pups in our experiments on VHN and DRG neurons. Another plausible method seems to be the use of proteins of the neurotrophin family, since 1 ng/ml BDNF in the culture medium has been reported to enhance the survival of rat motor neurons by 60% (Hughes et a ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... 3. Note that although the ANS is an efferent, or motor system, structures which it innervates often receive additional afferent innervation. These afferent fibers are important in reflex autonomic activity (e.g., regulation of blood pressure) and conscious sensation (discomfort, pain, etc.) B. Subd ...
... 3. Note that although the ANS is an efferent, or motor system, structures which it innervates often receive additional afferent innervation. These afferent fibers are important in reflex autonomic activity (e.g., regulation of blood pressure) and conscious sensation (discomfort, pain, etc.) B. Subd ...
EMBRYOLOGY OF CHICK
... It is called area pellicida, which is destined to become the embryo proper. At the zone of junction the cells are in contact with that region is opaca. That region is called area opaca which gives rise to extra-embryonic structure. The area opaca later becomes differentiated into three more or less ...
... It is called area pellicida, which is destined to become the embryo proper. At the zone of junction the cells are in contact with that region is opaca. That region is called area opaca which gives rise to extra-embryonic structure. The area opaca later becomes differentiated into three more or less ...
Spinogenesis and pruning in the primary auditory
... refinement through dendritic growth and the formation of new branches as compared with V1. Clearly, new spines grow on these new dendritic processes at a time when there was a net reduction in the number of spines/synapses in cortex (i.e., the new branches are studded in spines, most of which have b ...
... refinement through dendritic growth and the formation of new branches as compared with V1. Clearly, new spines grow on these new dendritic processes at a time when there was a net reduction in the number of spines/synapses in cortex (i.e., the new branches are studded in spines, most of which have b ...
Burst Firing and Modulation of Functional Connectivity in Cat Striate
... schemes but also in elucidating mechanisms by which these schemes can be decoded. Even though more information could be encoded in random patterns that are measured very precisely, the time constants of pyramidal cortical neurons (e.g., 7.3 { 2.9 ms for dendrites and 16 { 5.3 ms for the soma; means ...
... schemes but also in elucidating mechanisms by which these schemes can be decoded. Even though more information could be encoded in random patterns that are measured very precisely, the time constants of pyramidal cortical neurons (e.g., 7.3 { 2.9 ms for dendrites and 16 { 5.3 ms for the soma; means ...
The Hippocampal-Entorhinal Complex performs Bayesian
... there have been a large number of empirical findings supporting the idea that the Hippocampal-Entorhinal Complex (HEC) is a major neuronal correlate underlying spatial localization and mapping [3]. To keep track of their location when they move, mammals must integrate self-motion signals and use the ...
... there have been a large number of empirical findings supporting the idea that the Hippocampal-Entorhinal Complex (HEC) is a major neuronal correlate underlying spatial localization and mapping [3]. To keep track of their location when they move, mammals must integrate self-motion signals and use the ...
Peripheral Nervous System
... – Numbered according to the portion of the vertebral column at which they exit ...
... – Numbered according to the portion of the vertebral column at which they exit ...
Potential Utility of Optogenetics in the Study of
... and inhibitory neurons. Subsets are projection neurons, while others are local interneurons. Moreover, the brain contains numerous types of glial cells, which play a critical role in modulating neuronal function. Activation or inhibition of each cell type would be expected to induce a distinct funct ...
... and inhibitory neurons. Subsets are projection neurons, while others are local interneurons. Moreover, the brain contains numerous types of glial cells, which play a critical role in modulating neuronal function. Activation or inhibition of each cell type would be expected to induce a distinct funct ...