The neural encoding of self-generated and externally applied
... neurons in the vestibular nuclei can be divided into three primary groups on the basis of their sensitivities to applied head motion and eye movements (Cullen and McCrea 1993; Cullen ...
... neurons in the vestibular nuclei can be divided into three primary groups on the basis of their sensitivities to applied head motion and eye movements (Cullen and McCrea 1993; Cullen ...
dino and mercedes, two genes regulating dorsal development in the
... §Present address: Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97405, USA ...
... §Present address: Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97405, USA ...
The Neural Foundations of Reaction and Action in Aversive Motivation
... Reaction and reflex behaviors share the attribute that the response itself is unlearned. Both of these types of responses are innate and are typically elicited by stimuli that have, through evolutionary processes, come to be embedded in the genetic wiring of the nervous system. However, reactions ar ...
... Reaction and reflex behaviors share the attribute that the response itself is unlearned. Both of these types of responses are innate and are typically elicited by stimuli that have, through evolutionary processes, come to be embedded in the genetic wiring of the nervous system. However, reactions ar ...
CHAPTER 13- The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
... A) is divided into anterior, posterior and lateral columns. B) contains ascending myelinated axons in groups called sensory tracts. C) contains descending myelinated axons in groups called motor tracts. D) A and B are correct. E) A, B and C are correct. 9) A tumor is growing in the left lateral horn ...
... A) is divided into anterior, posterior and lateral columns. B) contains ascending myelinated axons in groups called sensory tracts. C) contains descending myelinated axons in groups called motor tracts. D) A and B are correct. E) A, B and C are correct. 9) A tumor is growing in the left lateral horn ...
The Constructive Nature of Visual Processing
... from background (see Chapter 27). The highest level involves object recognition (see Chapter 28). Once a scene has been parsed by the brain and objects recognized, the objects can be matched with memories of shapes and their associated meanings. Vision also has an important role in guiding body move ...
... from background (see Chapter 27). The highest level involves object recognition (see Chapter 28). Once a scene has been parsed by the brain and objects recognized, the objects can be matched with memories of shapes and their associated meanings. Vision also has an important role in guiding body move ...
Molecular Underpinnings of Motor Pattern Generation: Differential
... To demonstrate that the staining pattern in ganglia, nerves, and isolated cells represented lobster channel distribution, we always performed parallel controls in which the primary antibody was omitted, or the antibody was preabsorbed with the appropriate Shaker or Shal f usion protein, or the paren ...
... To demonstrate that the staining pattern in ganglia, nerves, and isolated cells represented lobster channel distribution, we always performed parallel controls in which the primary antibody was omitted, or the antibody was preabsorbed with the appropriate Shaker or Shal f usion protein, or the paren ...
Finally, the peak firing rate within any one place field of a single cell
... units will eventually respond to different kinds of patterns, and end up partitioning the input space among themselves into non-overlapping groups of similar patterns. The algorithm performs both sparsification – since only a single output unit becomes active for any given (distributed) input patter ...
... units will eventually respond to different kinds of patterns, and end up partitioning the input space among themselves into non-overlapping groups of similar patterns. The algorithm performs both sparsification – since only a single output unit becomes active for any given (distributed) input patter ...
Critical Time Window of Neuronal Cholesterol Synthesis during
... visualizing SQS on brain sections, we found moderate SQS expression in many cortical neurons in control animals (Fig. 1g), implying ongoing cholesterol biosynthesis. In contrast, mutant neurons completely lacked SQS staining. Astrocytes (identified based on their characteristic morphology), however, ...
... visualizing SQS on brain sections, we found moderate SQS expression in many cortical neurons in control animals (Fig. 1g), implying ongoing cholesterol biosynthesis. In contrast, mutant neurons completely lacked SQS staining. Astrocytes (identified based on their characteristic morphology), however, ...
Neural Networks, Fuzzy Models and Dynamic Logic. Chapter in R
... By the end of the 1960s a different paradigm became popular: logic-rulebased systems (or expert systems) were proposed to solve the problem of learning complexity. An initial idea was that rules would capture the required knowledge and eliminate a need for learning. The first Chomskian ideas concern ...
... By the end of the 1960s a different paradigm became popular: logic-rulebased systems (or expert systems) were proposed to solve the problem of learning complexity. An initial idea was that rules would capture the required knowledge and eliminate a need for learning. The first Chomskian ideas concern ...
Anatomical and Neurochemical Definition of the Nucleus of the Stria
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
... outlines the whole POM throughout its entire rostral-tocaudal extent (Viglietti-Panzica et al., 1994). VT-ir neurons are found in a periventricular position, lining the ependymal wall of the third ventricle, close to the pial surface of the preoptic area and in the nucleus paraventricularis. They ar ...
Linking Cognitive Neuroscience and Molecular Genetics: New Perspectives from Williams... Ursula Bellugi and Marie St. George (Eds.)
... of the cortex than do the older parts of the cerebellum. On the other hand, the reduction in the forebrain white matter may explain the curtailment of the brainstem, but it may be relevant to note that FZD3, which is one of the deleted genes, is associated with hindbrain segmentation, which could al ...
... of the cortex than do the older parts of the cerebellum. On the other hand, the reduction in the forebrain white matter may explain the curtailment of the brainstem, but it may be relevant to note that FZD3, which is one of the deleted genes, is associated with hindbrain segmentation, which could al ...
Slide 7.45b
... High metabolic rate: require continuous oxygen & glucose (due to lots of activity) Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... High metabolic rate: require continuous oxygen & glucose (due to lots of activity) Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
A hitchhiker`s guide to the nervous system: the - IGMM
... Axonal retrograde transport also allows peripheral signals to be translated into nuclear responses. For example, receptors that are activated by target‑derived neurotrophins during development create ‘signalling endosomes’, which contain neurotrophin receptor complexes as well as downstream‑activate ...
... Axonal retrograde transport also allows peripheral signals to be translated into nuclear responses. For example, receptors that are activated by target‑derived neurotrophins during development create ‘signalling endosomes’, which contain neurotrophin receptor complexes as well as downstream‑activate ...
07.11 - UCSD Cognitive Science
... number of technical limitations. Chief among these is the multisynaptic nature of these pathways and the general inability of conventional tracers to label more than the direct inputs and outputs of an area. To overcome this and other problems, we have used a new approach, retrograde transneuronal t ...
... number of technical limitations. Chief among these is the multisynaptic nature of these pathways and the general inability of conventional tracers to label more than the direct inputs and outputs of an area. To overcome this and other problems, we have used a new approach, retrograde transneuronal t ...
Life: The Science of Biology, 8e
... Nervous System - Can higher functions be understood in cellular terms? Patterns of electrical activity in the cerebral cortex characterize stages of sleep ...
... Nervous System - Can higher functions be understood in cellular terms? Patterns of electrical activity in the cerebral cortex characterize stages of sleep ...
Learning in the oculomotor system: from molecules to behavior
... afferent and efferent projections of the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus, which raise the possibility that the two structures may make somewhat different contributions to the VOR [27,28•,29•]. To understand VOR adaptation, it will be important to specify more precisely which synapses in the vest ...
... afferent and efferent projections of the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus, which raise the possibility that the two structures may make somewhat different contributions to the VOR [27,28•,29•]. To understand VOR adaptation, it will be important to specify more precisely which synapses in the vest ...
The Preoptic Nucleus in Fishes: A Comparative Discussion of
... On the other hand, perfusion of the olfactory epithelium of goldfish with NaCl solutions of various concentrations stimulates activity in the olfactory bulb and telencephalon (e.g., Hara and Gorbman, 1967; Oshima and Gorbman, 1966), and can also stimulate the activity of PN neurons in goldfish (Jasi ...
... On the other hand, perfusion of the olfactory epithelium of goldfish with NaCl solutions of various concentrations stimulates activity in the olfactory bulb and telencephalon (e.g., Hara and Gorbman, 1967; Oshima and Gorbman, 1966), and can also stimulate the activity of PN neurons in goldfish (Jasi ...
Chapter 13: Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine
... time). The surrounding trophoblast develops into placenta. In embryogenesis, the ICM develops into two distinct cell layers, namely the epiblast and the hypoblast. The hypoblast forms yolk sac, while the epiblast differentiates into three classical layers of the embryo; ectoderm, mesoderm and endode ...
... time). The surrounding trophoblast develops into placenta. In embryogenesis, the ICM develops into two distinct cell layers, namely the epiblast and the hypoblast. The hypoblast forms yolk sac, while the epiblast differentiates into three classical layers of the embryo; ectoderm, mesoderm and endode ...
The influence of the area opaca on the development of the young
... rather than to exert any influence on the development of the area pellucida. Such a view would be supported by the fact that pieces of the area pellucida can differentiate in the absence of the area opaca if they are isolated on the chorioallantoic membrane (Rawles, 1936) or in vitro (de Haan, 1964) ...
... rather than to exert any influence on the development of the area pellucida. Such a view would be supported by the fact that pieces of the area pellucida can differentiate in the absence of the area opaca if they are isolated on the chorioallantoic membrane (Rawles, 1936) or in vitro (de Haan, 1964) ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... Monkeys attempting to maximize local intake rates over the longterm should consider handling time as well as travel time2,3. To confirm that monkeys do so, we performed an additional behavioral experiment in which handling times, but not travel times, were varied from patch to patch (11 sessions, 6 ...
... Monkeys attempting to maximize local intake rates over the longterm should consider handling time as well as travel time2,3. To confirm that monkeys do so, we performed an additional behavioral experiment in which handling times, but not travel times, were varied from patch to patch (11 sessions, 6 ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... Monkeys attempting to maximize local intake rates over the longterm should consider handling time as well as travel time2,3. To confirm that monkeys do so, we performed an additional behavioral experiment in which handling times, but not travel times, were varied from patch to patch (11 sessions, 6 ...
... Monkeys attempting to maximize local intake rates over the longterm should consider handling time as well as travel time2,3. To confirm that monkeys do so, we performed an additional behavioral experiment in which handling times, but not travel times, were varied from patch to patch (11 sessions, 6 ...
Cxcl12/Cxcr4 signaling controls the migration and
... essential processes for the establishment of neural networks in different neuronal systems: neuronal migration, cell positioning and axon wiring. However, it is not known whether it regulates the development of A9-A10 tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons. We report ...
... essential processes for the establishment of neural networks in different neuronal systems: neuronal migration, cell positioning and axon wiring. However, it is not known whether it regulates the development of A9-A10 tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons. We report ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
... weren’t inhibited to extend the other (contralateral) leg to stand on. ...
... weren’t inhibited to extend the other (contralateral) leg to stand on. ...