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INSECTS ON PLANTS: Diversity of Herbivore Assemblages Revisited
... (a function of plant height times leaf length) correlate with the numbers of herbivores (Leather 1986). For German tree genera, host area, size, and postglacial age of establishment explained 88% of variation in herbivore richness (Brändle & Brandl 2001), whereas taxonomic relatedness did not contr ...
... (a function of plant height times leaf length) correlate with the numbers of herbivores (Leather 1986). For German tree genera, host area, size, and postglacial age of establishment explained 88% of variation in herbivore richness (Brändle & Brandl 2001), whereas taxonomic relatedness did not contr ...
Macroecological patterns of species richness in parasite assemblages
... organization of parasite assemblages; they are artificial rather than biological entities, but have nevertheless been the subject of many macroecological studies. In fact, the studies discussed later use data from either the component community level or the parasite fauna level; these are at the rel ...
... organization of parasite assemblages; they are artificial rather than biological entities, but have nevertheless been the subject of many macroecological studies. In fact, the studies discussed later use data from either the component community level or the parasite fauna level; these are at the rel ...
PAI EO - Cornell College
... of coexisting species lineages display concurrent stability over extended intervals of geologic time separated by episodes of relatively abrupt change. In marine benthic fossil assemblages, where the pattern was first recognized, the majority of species lineages (60 to more than 80%) are present in ...
... of coexisting species lineages display concurrent stability over extended intervals of geologic time separated by episodes of relatively abrupt change. In marine benthic fossil assemblages, where the pattern was first recognized, the majority of species lineages (60 to more than 80%) are present in ...
Wimmera Invasive Plant and Animal Management
... during the last decade, the problem is much larger than the resources available. To be effective, future investment needs to be more strategic and targeted. This document represents a significant step forward in articulating priorities for the investment of public funds in Wimmera IPA control. It ou ...
... during the last decade, the problem is much larger than the resources available. To be effective, future investment needs to be more strategic and targeted. This document represents a significant step forward in articulating priorities for the investment of public funds in Wimmera IPA control. It ou ...
Modeling species fitness in competitive environments
... leading to low levels of fitness among species. In the case of competition between species with different lowest sustainable levels, the density of the more successful must be limited by some cause other than the resource in question for all species to coexist. We explore two cases of such coexistenc ...
... leading to low levels of fitness among species. In the case of competition between species with different lowest sustainable levels, the density of the more successful must be limited by some cause other than the resource in question for all species to coexist. We explore two cases of such coexistenc ...
Why copulatory organs provide so many useful taxonomic characters
... different size or form, or both, so that interspecific matings are prevented or at least made more difficult. At least two arguments can be brought forward against this hypothesis as a widely applicable explanation. First, substantial differences may occur between related forms that have very sophis ...
... different size or form, or both, so that interspecific matings are prevented or at least made more difficult. At least two arguments can be brought forward against this hypothesis as a widely applicable explanation. First, substantial differences may occur between related forms that have very sophis ...
COMPETITION AND SALT-MARSH PLANT ZONATION: STRESS
... Abstract. Although a great deal of research has focused on the effects of nutrient supply on plant competition, few studies have explored how these processes interact with nonresource factors to determine community-level patterns. This study examined how resource competition interacts with physical ...
... Abstract. Although a great deal of research has focused on the effects of nutrient supply on plant competition, few studies have explored how these processes interact with nonresource factors to determine community-level patterns. This study examined how resource competition interacts with physical ...
Belgian Journal of Zoology Belgian Journal of Zoology
... Whereas in the earlier period the 58 roosts were covered by a total of 192 censuses, the recent observations came from 266 censuses (Table 2). On average, each roost was visited 3.3 times during the earlier period compared with 5.3 times during the recent period. The older data were composed of 2,19 ...
... Whereas in the earlier period the 58 roosts were covered by a total of 192 censuses, the recent observations came from 266 censuses (Table 2). On average, each roost was visited 3.3 times during the earlier period compared with 5.3 times during the recent period. The older data were composed of 2,19 ...
Solomon et al. 2010
... Potential effects of B. chinensis on the native snail assemblage were examined using multivariate analyses. First, we used non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to reduce the dimensionality of the community data and display how dominant gradients of variation in species composition were related ...
... Potential effects of B. chinensis on the native snail assemblage were examined using multivariate analyses. First, we used non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to reduce the dimensionality of the community data and display how dominant gradients of variation in species composition were related ...
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... concern was that the weed would spread over wide areas into cultivated lands, and forest areas in Hawai'i (Krauss 1952). 0 'cials of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry initiated surveys on the neighbor islands (ie., the main Islands other than O'ahu) (Thistle 1952) and 'distribut ...
... concern was that the weed would spread over wide areas into cultivated lands, and forest areas in Hawai'i (Krauss 1952). 0 'cials of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry initiated surveys on the neighbor islands (ie., the main Islands other than O'ahu) (Thistle 1952) and 'distribut ...
Symbiosis Activity
... Two individuals of the same or different species may interact in a variety of different ways. A very specific interaction that may occur between the organisms is defined as symbiosis, a close, coevolutionary association between one species (host) and another species (symbiont). Species may interact ...
... Two individuals of the same or different species may interact in a variety of different ways. A very specific interaction that may occur between the organisms is defined as symbiosis, a close, coevolutionary association between one species (host) and another species (symbiont). Species may interact ...
The Feral Cat (Felis catus)
... Conventional control techniques have been successful in eradicating feral cats from some offshore islands. Due to a very successful program conducted between the Commonwealth and Tasmania with funds from the Natural Heritage Trust, feral cats have been successfully removed from Macquarie Island. Thi ...
... Conventional control techniques have been successful in eradicating feral cats from some offshore islands. Due to a very successful program conducted between the Commonwealth and Tasmania with funds from the Natural Heritage Trust, feral cats have been successfully removed from Macquarie Island. Thi ...
2006eugros2
... The results indicate that E. rosea has a strong prey size preference. When given a choice of prey sizes, E. rosea will eat significantly more small snails than large snails (Table 1). These results are consistent with many other experiments that have examined the prey size preference of E. rosea in ...
... The results indicate that E. rosea has a strong prey size preference. When given a choice of prey sizes, E. rosea will eat significantly more small snails than large snails (Table 1). These results are consistent with many other experiments that have examined the prey size preference of E. rosea in ...
Comparison of three vegetation monitoring methods: Their relative
... significant expansion in the spatial and temporal extent of this type of data (e.g., National Research Council, 1994; Heinz Center, 2002). While many of these initiatives will rely on new remote sensing technologies and analyses, including high resolution aerial photography (Laliberte et al., 2007), ...
... significant expansion in the spatial and temporal extent of this type of data (e.g., National Research Council, 1994; Heinz Center, 2002). While many of these initiatives will rely on new remote sensing technologies and analyses, including high resolution aerial photography (Laliberte et al., 2007), ...
Trait differences between grass species along a climatic
... could reflect the existence of trends in traits specialization and provide indirect evidence on the variation of ecosystem level processes. For example, differences between plants related to leaf size, area, and height along an environmental gradient suggest an increase of light competition. Similar ...
... could reflect the existence of trends in traits specialization and provide indirect evidence on the variation of ecosystem level processes. For example, differences between plants related to leaf size, area, and height along an environmental gradient suggest an increase of light competition. Similar ...
Character Displacement in Giant Rhinoceros Beetles
... often has been interpreted as a result of natural selection for reducing interspecific competition (Grant 1972, 1981). However, whether the species differentiated as a result of interspecific interaction or adapted to different conditions independent of competition often cannot be determined (Grant ...
... often has been interpreted as a result of natural selection for reducing interspecific competition (Grant 1972, 1981). However, whether the species differentiated as a result of interspecific interaction or adapted to different conditions independent of competition often cannot be determined (Grant ...
Biological invasions: a field synopsis, systematic review, and
... invasive and some communities are invasible, as well as that addressing fundamental questions in ecology and evolution using the phenomenon of biological invasions (e.g., what determines species range limits or the number of species that can coexist in a community). Since the seminal book by Elton ( ...
... invasive and some communities are invasible, as well as that addressing fundamental questions in ecology and evolution using the phenomenon of biological invasions (e.g., what determines species range limits or the number of species that can coexist in a community). Since the seminal book by Elton ( ...
burmese pythons in everglades.full
... consumed by pythons, such as large native snakes and raptors. For some species, indirect effects of pythons may be positive. Reductions in raccoons, which frequently prey on eggs of oviparous amniotes (40), may increase nesting success and recruitment of some turtles, crocodilians, and birds. Attemp ...
... consumed by pythons, such as large native snakes and raptors. For some species, indirect effects of pythons may be positive. Reductions in raccoons, which frequently prey on eggs of oviparous amniotes (40), may increase nesting success and recruitment of some turtles, crocodilians, and birds. Attemp ...
INFORMING THE RESTORATION OF PIEDMONT SAVANNA USING
... the attention of the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission as part of ongoing efforts to complete a major revision and update of the Arkansas Wildlife Action Plan. In addition to the 14 species of Lepidoptera already enumerated and addressed in the current plan, we have proposed that at least 20 more sp ...
... the attention of the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission as part of ongoing efforts to complete a major revision and update of the Arkansas Wildlife Action Plan. In addition to the 14 species of Lepidoptera already enumerated and addressed in the current plan, we have proposed that at least 20 more sp ...
Invasive alien species in Switzerland. Factsheets
... Basel. In that area there is more, as yet unused, suitable habitat, which could be colonized, so a population increase is likely. The largest introduced populations are found in England, the Netherlands, and Germany. There are also escapees in other countries. ...
... Basel. In that area there is more, as yet unused, suitable habitat, which could be colonized, so a population increase is likely. The largest introduced populations are found in England, the Netherlands, and Germany. There are also escapees in other countries. ...
Does plant trait plasticity explain the relative competitive ability of
... Rootscript enkel .......................................................................................................................43 RootScript ...................................................................................................................................44 Appen ...
... Rootscript enkel .......................................................................................................................43 RootScript ...................................................................................................................................44 Appen ...
Chapter 2 Morphometric measurement selection: an invertebrate case study
... considered equivalent management units (see Moritz and Faith 1998). However, not only are species delimitations within the Ectemnorhinus group of genera, especially within the genus Ectemnorhinus, uncertain (Chown 1991, 1994), but populations within each of these two species on Marion and Prince Edw ...
... considered equivalent management units (see Moritz and Faith 1998). However, not only are species delimitations within the Ectemnorhinus group of genera, especially within the genus Ectemnorhinus, uncertain (Chown 1991, 1994), but populations within each of these two species on Marion and Prince Edw ...
Discoveries of new mammal species and their
... ‘‘charismatic’’ group. Many assume that nearly all mammal species are known to scientists. We demonstrate that this assumption is incorrect. Since 1993, 408 new mammalian species have been described, ⬇10% of the previously known fauna. Some 60% of these are ‘‘cryptic’’ species, but 40% are large and ...
... ‘‘charismatic’’ group. Many assume that nearly all mammal species are known to scientists. We demonstrate that this assumption is incorrect. Since 1993, 408 new mammalian species have been described, ⬇10% of the previously known fauna. Some 60% of these are ‘‘cryptic’’ species, but 40% are large and ...
Learning Outcomes for Ecology Concepts and Applications 6e
... 1. Interpret scatter plots indicating positive, negative, or uncorrelated relationships between two variables. Applications: Bioremediation—Using the Trophic Diversity of Bacteria 1. Describe research demonstrating the usefulness of bacteria for cleaning up pollutants. 2. Explain how ecological stoi ...
... 1. Interpret scatter plots indicating positive, negative, or uncorrelated relationships between two variables. Applications: Bioremediation—Using the Trophic Diversity of Bacteria 1. Describe research demonstrating the usefulness of bacteria for cleaning up pollutants. 2. Explain how ecological stoi ...
Cnidaria: Introduction
... various scleractinians are sold as curios; some actiniarians and scleractinians are important in the aquarium trade; the larger scleractinians and octocorals form the foundation of coral reefs that afford protection to coastlines and nurseries for larval fish and invertebrates; many cubozoans and sc ...
... various scleractinians are sold as curios; some actiniarians and scleractinians are important in the aquarium trade; the larger scleractinians and octocorals form the foundation of coral reefs that afford protection to coastlines and nurseries for larval fish and invertebrates; many cubozoans and sc ...
Introduced species
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Melilotus_alba_bgiu.jpg?width=300)
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.