![Integral projection models show exotic thistle is more limited than](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/015611096_1-244f32c1e2080e0c00c7e17a32b3f4ab-300x300.png)
Integral projection models show exotic thistle is more limited than
... well as significantly less herbivory, resulting in larger energy allocation to growth and reproduction (Liu and Stiling 2006, Hawkes 2007, Chun et al. 2010). On the other hand, introduced species inevitably encounter novel competitors and natural enemies in their new habitats (Mitchell et al. 2006). ...
... well as significantly less herbivory, resulting in larger energy allocation to growth and reproduction (Liu and Stiling 2006, Hawkes 2007, Chun et al. 2010). On the other hand, introduced species inevitably encounter novel competitors and natural enemies in their new habitats (Mitchell et al. 2006). ...
Bounceback 20 year report - Natural Resources South Australia
... component of the Bounceback program. The untangling of genuine recovery from huge fluctuations in condition, through boom and bust cycles, is an ongoing challenge. Objective measures must be used to identify long-term changes or trends in land condition. Bounceback has adapted a pastoral lease asses ...
... component of the Bounceback program. The untangling of genuine recovery from huge fluctuations in condition, through boom and bust cycles, is an ongoing challenge. Objective measures must be used to identify long-term changes or trends in land condition. Bounceback has adapted a pastoral lease asses ...
Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard
... lizard (Callisaurus draconoides). Of these species, only zebra-tailed lizard appears to be a potential competitor for food resources with Mojave fringe-toed lizard. These species are both insectivorous, approximately the same adult size, and likely select prey of similar size. Foraging behavior in t ...
... lizard (Callisaurus draconoides). Of these species, only zebra-tailed lizard appears to be a potential competitor for food resources with Mojave fringe-toed lizard. These species are both insectivorous, approximately the same adult size, and likely select prey of similar size. Foraging behavior in t ...
Central West Region - pest management strategy (PDF
... The aim of this strategy is to maximise the effectiveness of pest control programs, and identify the major pest species populations within the Region, and establishes criteria for prioritising control programs. The strategy provides a brief summary of control programs to be undertaken. Specific deta ...
... The aim of this strategy is to maximise the effectiveness of pest control programs, and identify the major pest species populations within the Region, and establishes criteria for prioritising control programs. The strategy provides a brief summary of control programs to be undertaken. Specific deta ...
uncorrected page proofs
... living community and the non-living physical surroundings but also the interactions both within the community and between the community and its nonliving surroundings. We can develop an understanding of the concept of an ecosystem using an analogy with a hockey game. A hockey game has a ‘living part ...
... living community and the non-living physical surroundings but also the interactions both within the community and between the community and its nonliving surroundings. We can develop an understanding of the concept of an ecosystem using an analogy with a hockey game. A hockey game has a ‘living part ...
Disturbance and distributions: avoiding exclusion in a warming world
... given species, rather than with the formal requirements of sustained coexistence. Nonetheless, ecological theory offers useful insights. Elimination by competition can be avoided through opportunities in time and typically relies on life stages that avoid competition, e.g., seeds that only germinate ...
... given species, rather than with the formal requirements of sustained coexistence. Nonetheless, ecological theory offers useful insights. Elimination by competition can be avoided through opportunities in time and typically relies on life stages that avoid competition, e.g., seeds that only germinate ...
Effective Landscape Restoration for Native Biodiversity in Northern
... most readily expressed in ter ms of species extinctions and imperilment. For example, the most re cent inven tory of species threatened w ith global ex tinction listed more than 16, 000 plants and animals, including 10% of all descr ibed vertebrates (IUCN 2006). In Victoria, over a century of agr ic ...
... most readily expressed in ter ms of species extinctions and imperilment. For example, the most re cent inven tory of species threatened w ith global ex tinction listed more than 16, 000 plants and animals, including 10% of all descr ibed vertebrates (IUCN 2006). In Victoria, over a century of agr ic ...
Predator avoidance behaviours between native (Helisoma
... therefore have developed behavioural trait shifts that allow them to protect themselves from predators by reacting to alarm cues along with the kairomones (Turner and Montgomery 2003). Dalesman et al. (2006) found that snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) responded to the presence of a fish predator’s (Tinca ...
... therefore have developed behavioural trait shifts that allow them to protect themselves from predators by reacting to alarm cues along with the kairomones (Turner and Montgomery 2003). Dalesman et al. (2006) found that snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) responded to the presence of a fish predator’s (Tinca ...
leaf litter ant assemblage in a natural fragmented dry forest
... Structuring effects We aimed at exploring whether spatial periodicity observed in species distribution could be attributed to one or several environmental covariates. The periodograms and correlograms of the residuals from the linear regression between species abundance and a microhabitat factor wer ...
... Structuring effects We aimed at exploring whether spatial periodicity observed in species distribution could be attributed to one or several environmental covariates. The periodograms and correlograms of the residuals from the linear regression between species abundance and a microhabitat factor wer ...
PDF
... beta diversity studies, analyses of pairwise compositional differences between assemblages at very large geographical extent (i.e. worldwide) may lack analytical power. This weakness emerges because there would be complete biotic dissimilarity (i.e. there would be no species in common) between pairs ...
... beta diversity studies, analyses of pairwise compositional differences between assemblages at very large geographical extent (i.e. worldwide) may lack analytical power. This weakness emerges because there would be complete biotic dissimilarity (i.e. there would be no species in common) between pairs ...
A Dynamical Systems Approach to Modeling Plankton Food Web
... nutrients. Chlorophyll allows phytoplankton to utilize light energy, which is used to fix CO2 to sugars and generate ATP.6 Oxygen is then released as ...
... nutrients. Chlorophyll allows phytoplankton to utilize light energy, which is used to fix CO2 to sugars and generate ATP.6 Oxygen is then released as ...
CO , nitrogen, and diversity differentially affect seed production of prairie plants 2
... form); and (3) seed production responses to global change match productivity responses. We found that, on average, allocation to seed production decreased under elevated CO2, although individual species responses were rarely significant due to low power (CO2 treatment df ¼ 2). The effects of nitroge ...
... form); and (3) seed production responses to global change match productivity responses. We found that, on average, allocation to seed production decreased under elevated CO2, although individual species responses were rarely significant due to low power (CO2 treatment df ¼ 2). The effects of nitroge ...
successional mechanism varies along a gradient in hydrothermal
... succession along a spatial gradient in vent fluid flux at three vent sites near 9 8509 N on the East Pacific Rise (2500 m water depth). Species colonization patterns on cubic basalt blocks (10 cm on a side) deployed by the submersible Alvin revealed both positive (facilitation) and negative (inhibit ...
... succession along a spatial gradient in vent fluid flux at three vent sites near 9 8509 N on the East Pacific Rise (2500 m water depth). Species colonization patterns on cubic basalt blocks (10 cm on a side) deployed by the submersible Alvin revealed both positive (facilitation) and negative (inhibit ...
Taking action for The Amsterdam albatross
... conducted may suggest contamination by introduced animals such as pigs, which were still present on the island in 80 years, but does not allow to exclude natural contamination. Avian cholera affects wild and domestic birds and is characterized by a sudden and significant mortality. However, this bac ...
... conducted may suggest contamination by introduced animals such as pigs, which were still present on the island in 80 years, but does not allow to exclude natural contamination. Avian cholera affects wild and domestic birds and is characterized by a sudden and significant mortality. However, this bac ...
Environmental impacts of biomass crops
... arundinacea), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and giant reed (Arundo donax). ...
... arundinacea), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and giant reed (Arundo donax). ...
Network structural properties mediate the stability of mutualistic
... We conducted numerical analyses of the model to examine how community stability varies with the structural properties of community size, nestedness, degree and the strength and symmetry of mutualistic interactions. We varied each structural property systematically, with the range of their parameter ...
... We conducted numerical analyses of the model to examine how community stability varies with the structural properties of community size, nestedness, degree and the strength and symmetry of mutualistic interactions. We varied each structural property systematically, with the range of their parameter ...
University of Groningen Rewilding with large herbivores Smit
... Rewilding is rapidly emerging as a novel concept within restoration and conservation management (Donlan et al., 2006; Navarro and Pereira, 2012). The general aim of rewilding is to restore natural processes with minimal human intervention (Bauer et al., 2009; Navarro and Pereira, 2012). It does allo ...
... Rewilding is rapidly emerging as a novel concept within restoration and conservation management (Donlan et al., 2006; Navarro and Pereira, 2012). The general aim of rewilding is to restore natural processes with minimal human intervention (Bauer et al., 2009; Navarro and Pereira, 2012). It does allo ...
stochastic processes across scales Disentangling the importance of
... could explain a wide variety of ecological patterns. Hubbell’s ‘individual-based’ neutral theory was explicitly based on the ideas and formulations of the ‘speciesbased’ equilibrium theory of island biogeography [29,30], which is also a type of neutral model [44,45]. That is, species in the simple v ...
... could explain a wide variety of ecological patterns. Hubbell’s ‘individual-based’ neutral theory was explicitly based on the ideas and formulations of the ‘speciesbased’ equilibrium theory of island biogeography [29,30], which is also a type of neutral model [44,45]. That is, species in the simple v ...
has shown differences among various types of environment, such as
... Crustaceans. The only crustaceans which are able to live inside the Mediterranean maquis, an environment poor in surface water, are terrestrial isopods, more commonly known as woodlice. Several species, like those belonging to the armadillidiid family, have bodies which are convex and strongly cutic ...
... Crustaceans. The only crustaceans which are able to live inside the Mediterranean maquis, an environment poor in surface water, are terrestrial isopods, more commonly known as woodlice. Several species, like those belonging to the armadillidiid family, have bodies which are convex and strongly cutic ...
The promise and the potential consequences of the globaltransport
... of at least three cryptic species including a Eurasian lineage, a Eurasian sub-alpine lineage, and a North American lineage (Oda et al. 2004). Thus, A. muscaria appears to be a widespread distributed morphospecies with cryptic genetic species, at least one of which has been introduced to a novel con ...
... of at least three cryptic species including a Eurasian lineage, a Eurasian sub-alpine lineage, and a North American lineage (Oda et al. 2004). Thus, A. muscaria appears to be a widespread distributed morphospecies with cryptic genetic species, at least one of which has been introduced to a novel con ...
Status of marine species and habitats
... fringe. Strong currents tearing past vertical walls produce some of the greatest biological turnover of filter feeders in any system, while attracting large pelagic visitors, such as sharks and consequently tourists. The habitats reflect the unique placement of the islands on the equator and the cur ...
... fringe. Strong currents tearing past vertical walls produce some of the greatest biological turnover of filter feeders in any system, while attracting large pelagic visitors, such as sharks and consequently tourists. The habitats reflect the unique placement of the islands on the equator and the cur ...
Dynamics of Blowfly Populations
... Blowflies have been recognised as useful biological experimental models for studies of population dynamics. These flies have received special attention because some species typically show an oscillatory behaviour, as reported for Lucilia cuprina by A. J. Nicholson. About 30 years ago, four Old World ...
... Blowflies have been recognised as useful biological experimental models for studies of population dynamics. These flies have received special attention because some species typically show an oscillatory behaviour, as reported for Lucilia cuprina by A. J. Nicholson. About 30 years ago, four Old World ...
Cohabitation promotes high diversity of clownfishes in the Coral
... of clownfishes (family Pomacentridae) and their host sea anemones (order Actiniaria) at 20 locations across the IndoPacific to determine patterns of interspecific cohabitation and to explore what factors facilitate cohabitation. Clownfishes are small bodied (maximum size 8–16 cm) and predominantly f ...
... of clownfishes (family Pomacentridae) and their host sea anemones (order Actiniaria) at 20 locations across the IndoPacific to determine patterns of interspecific cohabitation and to explore what factors facilitate cohabitation. Clownfishes are small bodied (maximum size 8–16 cm) and predominantly f ...
Extinction and the zoogeography of West Indian land mammals
... intensive study since early in this century, and now represent one of the best known mammalian faunas of the world’s major island groups. A taxonomic review of the living and extinct mammalian fauna, including species lists for all major islands, has recently been published (Varona, 1974), as has a ...
... intensive study since early in this century, and now represent one of the best known mammalian faunas of the world’s major island groups. A taxonomic review of the living and extinct mammalian fauna, including species lists for all major islands, has recently been published (Varona, 1974), as has a ...
Network ecology: topological constraints on ecosystem dynamics
... or preserved in alcohol” (Thompson, 1982). ...
... or preserved in alcohol” (Thompson, 1982). ...
Introduced species
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Melilotus_alba_bgiu.jpg?width=300)
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.