Undetected Species Losses, Food Webs, and
... promotes coyote numbers, then a top-down effect on fawn survival may be prominent (Berger, 2007). Still, the role of potentially important bottom-up drivers, such as L. townsendii, requires clarification, something that will not occur when species are extirpated and, moreover, when their loss is unk ...
... promotes coyote numbers, then a top-down effect on fawn survival may be prominent (Berger, 2007). Still, the role of potentially important bottom-up drivers, such as L. townsendii, requires clarification, something that will not occur when species are extirpated and, moreover, when their loss is unk ...
Section 5 WILDLIFE AND SIGNIFICANT WILDLIFE
... and system occurrences. Natural communities are different types of forests, wetlands, grasslands, etc. Natural community systems occur where sets of natural communities cooccur in the landscape and are linked by a common set of driving forces, such as landforms, flooding, or soils. To qualify as exe ...
... and system occurrences. Natural communities are different types of forests, wetlands, grasslands, etc. Natural community systems occur where sets of natural communities cooccur in the landscape and are linked by a common set of driving forces, such as landforms, flooding, or soils. To qualify as exe ...
Relationships between biodiversity and
... Root (1973) suggested that dense, homogenous plant communities facilitated higher herbivore populations. His ‘‘resource-concentration hypothesis’’ posits that specialist pests can locate plant stands, and feed more efficiently, when a single non-diverse crop is present. Thus, intensification may actua ...
... Root (1973) suggested that dense, homogenous plant communities facilitated higher herbivore populations. His ‘‘resource-concentration hypothesis’’ posits that specialist pests can locate plant stands, and feed more efficiently, when a single non-diverse crop is present. Thus, intensification may actua ...
File - Cook Biology
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
MS Word Document - 7.2 MB - Department of Environment, Land
... included in the Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site. Over recent decades there have been significant changes to the bird communities of Mud Islands but information about these changes has not been collated or comprehensively documented. This report attempts to ac ...
... included in the Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site. Over recent decades there have been significant changes to the bird communities of Mud Islands but information about these changes has not been collated or comprehensively documented. This report attempts to ac ...
Invasive plant species and competition for pollinators
... species and noted the number of different flowers they visited. For practical reasons, smaller pollinators like beetles and flies were not included in the observation, but their importance for pollination of common bugloss is probably negligible (Andersson 1984). To minimize differences between the ...
... species and noted the number of different flowers they visited. For practical reasons, smaller pollinators like beetles and flies were not included in the observation, but their importance for pollination of common bugloss is probably negligible (Andersson 1984). To minimize differences between the ...
Multiple diversity–stability mechanisms enhance population and
... added to reach concentrations of 2250 lg N/L and 150 lg P/L to fall within the typical range of concentrations of natural fishless ponds near Kellogg Biological Station (Downing and Leibold 2010). Larval bullfrogs were added to each tank in June to minimize periphytic algae and to maintain nutrients ...
... added to reach concentrations of 2250 lg N/L and 150 lg P/L to fall within the typical range of concentrations of natural fishless ponds near Kellogg Biological Station (Downing and Leibold 2010). Larval bullfrogs were added to each tank in June to minimize periphytic algae and to maintain nutrients ...
Examples of direct and indirect effects
... H:Native wolves, Canis lupus Causes mortality in infected ...
... H:Native wolves, Canis lupus Causes mortality in infected ...
Ecology and Behavior of Seabirds
... the members of the pair dies during wintertime and a new pair is formed. This cycle can go on and on for several decades… We could describe the breeding cycle of many other seabird species and we would find some strikingly similar features in their ecology and behavior. Indeed, all marine birds are ...
... the members of the pair dies during wintertime and a new pair is formed. This cycle can go on and on for several decades… We could describe the breeding cycle of many other seabird species and we would find some strikingly similar features in their ecology and behavior. Indeed, all marine birds are ...
05. Not from here - Savanna Explorer
... and Lonsdale 1995). Hobbs and Humphries (1994) also argue early detection and treatment of invasions will prevent many future problems. Eradication is a cost-effective form of weed management when action is initiated during the early stages of invasion (Panetta and Scott 1995). Wherever weed populat ...
... and Lonsdale 1995). Hobbs and Humphries (1994) also argue early detection and treatment of invasions will prevent many future problems. Eradication is a cost-effective form of weed management when action is initiated during the early stages of invasion (Panetta and Scott 1995). Wherever weed populat ...
Grades K-2 Biodiversity 1. What is a group of organisms that can
... 6. If a road runs through an area covered by plants that like water, what was probably there before the road? ...
... 6. If a road runs through an area covered by plants that like water, what was probably there before the road? ...
How do they get their food?
... Travel from one place to another Can be short: deer to winter yards Can be long: bird migrations Migratory species needs specific habitats at either end but also in the middle! • Staging areas, stop-over sites, etc. ...
... Travel from one place to another Can be short: deer to winter yards Can be long: bird migrations Migratory species needs specific habitats at either end but also in the middle! • Staging areas, stop-over sites, etc. ...
DOMESTIC CAT PREDATION ON BIRDS AND OTHER WILDLIFE
... eradication of 41 bird species from New Zealand islands alone. On Marion Island in the Sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean, cats were estimated to kill 450,000 seabirds annually prior to cat eradication efforts. (Veitch, C.R. 1985. Methods of eradicating feral cats from offshore islands in New Zealand. ICBP ...
... eradication of 41 bird species from New Zealand islands alone. On Marion Island in the Sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean, cats were estimated to kill 450,000 seabirds annually prior to cat eradication efforts. (Veitch, C.R. 1985. Methods of eradicating feral cats from offshore islands in New Zealand. ICBP ...
How do they get their food?
... Travel from one place to another Can be short: deer to winter yards Can be long: bird migrations Migratory species needs specific habitats at either end but also in the middle! • Staging areas, stop-over sites, etc. ...
... Travel from one place to another Can be short: deer to winter yards Can be long: bird migrations Migratory species needs specific habitats at either end but also in the middle! • Staging areas, stop-over sites, etc. ...
Laboratory 10
... 1. As a result of cowbird control and habitat restoration Kirtland's Warbler populations in Michigan increased from 200 breeding pairs in 1972 to about 400 breeding pairs in 1998 However, cowbird control has not helped restore the endangered Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) in Colorado ...
... 1. As a result of cowbird control and habitat restoration Kirtland's Warbler populations in Michigan increased from 200 breeding pairs in 1972 to about 400 breeding pairs in 1998 However, cowbird control has not helped restore the endangered Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) in Colorado ...
Small-mammal herbivore control of secondary succession in New
... hardware cloth (1-cm mesh) stapled to wooden corner stakes. The mesh size was chosen to be small enough to exclude even juvenile rodents, but large enough to allow passage of smaller herbivores and detritivores, such as insects, snails, and crustaceans. Smaller mesh sizes are probably necessary to e ...
... hardware cloth (1-cm mesh) stapled to wooden corner stakes. The mesh size was chosen to be small enough to exclude even juvenile rodents, but large enough to allow passage of smaller herbivores and detritivores, such as insects, snails, and crustaceans. Smaller mesh sizes are probably necessary to e ...
callippe silverspot butterfly
... Breeding and Courtship behavior. The adult butterflies are strong fliers and to encounter mates, males wait at the tops of hills for female butterflies. To search for females, the males fly back and forth over the tops of the hills. Once a female arrives at the top of a hill, courtship and then mati ...
... Breeding and Courtship behavior. The adult butterflies are strong fliers and to encounter mates, males wait at the tops of hills for female butterflies. To search for females, the males fly back and forth over the tops of the hills. Once a female arrives at the top of a hill, courtship and then mati ...
FOOD WEBS
... and field studies to establish this idea. He noted that simple predator-prey models predicted fluctuating populations and concluded that more complex models would lead to stable populations. He also pointed to laboratory experiments, such as Gause's (1934), which demonstrated how difficult it was to ...
... and field studies to establish this idea. He noted that simple predator-prey models predicted fluctuating populations and concluded that more complex models would lead to stable populations. He also pointed to laboratory experiments, such as Gause's (1934), which demonstrated how difficult it was to ...
Food web structure of three guilds of natural enemies: predators
... on quantitative data was used the pathogen web was intermediate between the other two guilds. 6. There is evidence that a single aphid species had a particularly large effect on the structure of the pathogen food web. 7. The predator and pathogen webs were not compartmentalized, and the vast majorit ...
... on quantitative data was used the pathogen web was intermediate between the other two guilds. 6. There is evidence that a single aphid species had a particularly large effect on the structure of the pathogen food web. 7. The predator and pathogen webs were not compartmentalized, and the vast majorit ...
Multiple, independent colonizations of the Hawaiian
... The Hawaiian-Emperor Archipelago has a long and dynamic geological history, well isolated in the central Pacific Ocean far from any continental mass. It has been forming by the motion of the Pacific plate over a stationary hotspot (Wilson, 1963), generating an island chain that is at least 80 millio ...
... The Hawaiian-Emperor Archipelago has a long and dynamic geological history, well isolated in the central Pacific Ocean far from any continental mass. It has been forming by the motion of the Pacific plate over a stationary hotspot (Wilson, 1963), generating an island chain that is at least 80 millio ...
Impact of argentine ants (Linepithema humile, Mayr) on saproxylic
... forests, apart from some basic ecophysiological studies that focused on the physiological and behavioural adaptations of animals to life in this ‘cryptic’ habitat (Lawrence 1953) and the impact of removing fuelwood on cavity-nesting birds and mammals (Du Plessis 1995). The collection and removal of ...
... forests, apart from some basic ecophysiological studies that focused on the physiological and behavioural adaptations of animals to life in this ‘cryptic’ habitat (Lawrence 1953) and the impact of removing fuelwood on cavity-nesting birds and mammals (Du Plessis 1995). The collection and removal of ...
Interpreting the `selection effect` of biodiversity on ecosystem function
... based on species’ yields when grown in monoculture. Loreau & Hector (2001) define the difference in yield, DY, as the difference between the observed total yield of a mixture of plants and the expected total yield under the null hypothesis that all intra- and interspecific interactions are identical ...
... based on species’ yields when grown in monoculture. Loreau & Hector (2001) define the difference in yield, DY, as the difference between the observed total yield of a mixture of plants and the expected total yield under the null hypothesis that all intra- and interspecific interactions are identical ...
Designing suburban greenways to provide habitat for
... in diversity and abundance as a result of suburban development. We investigated the effects of width of the forested corridor containing a greenway, adjacent land use and cover, and the composition and vegetation structure within the greenway on breeding bird abundance and community composition in s ...
... in diversity and abundance as a result of suburban development. We investigated the effects of width of the forested corridor containing a greenway, adjacent land use and cover, and the composition and vegetation structure within the greenway on breeding bird abundance and community composition in s ...
Processes affecting diversity
... Proposed both high and low levels of disturbance would reduce diversity. ...
... Proposed both high and low levels of disturbance would reduce diversity. ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.