Tilburg University A paleoeconomic theory of co
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
Chapter 4: Nature - Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
... developed an online invasive species database and an early warning system. In 2014, a report entitled Ireland’s Invasive and Non-native Species – Trends in Introductions was published by the centre (O’Flynn et al., 2014). This report found that 13% of invasive alien species recorded in Ireland are h ...
... developed an online invasive species database and an early warning system. In 2014, a report entitled Ireland’s Invasive and Non-native Species – Trends in Introductions was published by the centre (O’Flynn et al., 2014). This report found that 13% of invasive alien species recorded in Ireland are h ...
Hidden responses to environmental variation: maternal
... can counteract or reinforce a species’ numeric response to environmental fluctuations depending on whether they are positively or negatively correlated with seed number. In this study, we use annual plants from Mediterranean-climate regions to test the consequences of variation in water availability ...
... can counteract or reinforce a species’ numeric response to environmental fluctuations depending on whether they are positively or negatively correlated with seed number. In this study, we use annual plants from Mediterranean-climate regions to test the consequences of variation in water availability ...
Limiting similarity, species packing, and the shape of
... (MacArthur and Levins, 1967; MacArthur, 1969, 1970; May and MacArthur, 1972; May, 1974a,b) were especially influential. In these analyses, competition was modeled as an overlap of resource-utilization functions, implying that resources contributing to the growth of one species become unavailable to o ...
... (MacArthur and Levins, 1967; MacArthur, 1969, 1970; May and MacArthur, 1972; May, 1974a,b) were especially influential. In these analyses, competition was modeled as an overlap of resource-utilization functions, implying that resources contributing to the growth of one species become unavailable to o ...
Appendices - NatureServe
... multistemmed woody plants with strong canopy structure and which well exceed 5 m would be included here (e.g., mature, multi-stemmed Quercus ellipsoidalis in the United States or some Australian mallee eucalypts). ; ...
... multistemmed woody plants with strong canopy structure and which well exceed 5 m would be included here (e.g., mature, multi-stemmed Quercus ellipsoidalis in the United States or some Australian mallee eucalypts). ; ...
Assessing the impact of introduced cats on island biodiversity by
... not), and seasonal prey availability (Barratt, 1997; Edwards et al., 2001). However, most studies did not account for seasonal variation in home-range size or differences between individuals (Lilith, Calver & Garkaklis, 2008). Because sterilization and confinement would offer management tools to red ...
... not), and seasonal prey availability (Barratt, 1997; Edwards et al., 2001). However, most studies did not account for seasonal variation in home-range size or differences between individuals (Lilith, Calver & Garkaklis, 2008). Because sterilization and confinement would offer management tools to red ...
biophysical overview of the laurentian channel
... mysids, and fish; the latter becoming increasingly important as redfish increase in size. Redfish are pelagic or bathypelagic feeders, feeding most actively at night when they rise off the bottom following the vertical migration of their prey. Atlantic cod consist of two stocks (3Ps and 3Pn4RS) whos ...
... mysids, and fish; the latter becoming increasingly important as redfish increase in size. Redfish are pelagic or bathypelagic feeders, feeding most actively at night when they rise off the bottom following the vertical migration of their prey. Atlantic cod consist of two stocks (3Ps and 3Pn4RS) whos ...
4.4. Common Tern Species Action Plan
... areas or areas of open, bare earth for nesting birds. Provision of floating rafts Natural nest sites are rare on Lough Neagh, Lough Beg and Portmore Lough and, therefore, the creation of artificial nesting sites must be considered. In addition to the floating rafts placed at Portmore Lough and Craig ...
... areas or areas of open, bare earth for nesting birds. Provision of floating rafts Natural nest sites are rare on Lough Neagh, Lough Beg and Portmore Lough and, therefore, the creation of artificial nesting sites must be considered. In addition to the floating rafts placed at Portmore Lough and Craig ...
domestic cat predation on birds and other wildlife
... provides cats and other predators easier access to wildlife forced to live on smaller tracts of land. Rather than havens for wildlife, these areas can be death traps. ...
... provides cats and other predators easier access to wildlife forced to live on smaller tracts of land. Rather than havens for wildlife, these areas can be death traps. ...
Population demographics and trade
... compared demographics for an invasive plant species, Rubus discolor, with a noninvasive congener, R. ursinus, in several populations of varying density. Removal of floral buds from reproductive canes increased the size of juvenile canes that arose from clonal sprouting in R. ursinus, suggesting a tra ...
... compared demographics for an invasive plant species, Rubus discolor, with a noninvasive congener, R. ursinus, in several populations of varying density. Removal of floral buds from reproductive canes increased the size of juvenile canes that arose from clonal sprouting in R. ursinus, suggesting a tra ...
Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey Conservation Project
... which prohibits all commercial trade in the species. Ever since the species was rediscovered, FFI has been leading efforts to conserve the Tonkin snub-nosed monkey, supporting protection of the monkeys and their habitat, conducting ecological research and discovering previously unknown populations i ...
... which prohibits all commercial trade in the species. Ever since the species was rediscovered, FFI has been leading efforts to conserve the Tonkin snub-nosed monkey, supporting protection of the monkeys and their habitat, conducting ecological research and discovering previously unknown populations i ...
CNPS policy on mitigation guidelines regarding impacts to rare
... Maintenance and monitoring of rare plant populations and habitats are essential even where these are "protected" by mitigation measures. Monitoring enables project applicants and regulatory agencies to document compliance with mitigation agreements. Monitoring also enables scientists to gather valua ...
... Maintenance and monitoring of rare plant populations and habitats are essential even where these are "protected" by mitigation measures. Monitoring enables project applicants and regulatory agencies to document compliance with mitigation agreements. Monitoring also enables scientists to gather valua ...
PDF
... Five anoline species occur sympatrically within mature tabonuco forest at LEF: A. cuvieri, A. evermanni, A. gundlachi, A. occultus, and A. stratulus (Reagan 1991, 1992). Three other species, A. cristatellus, A. krugi, and A. pulchellus, occur in openings within the forest (Reagan 1996). Two of the m ...
... Five anoline species occur sympatrically within mature tabonuco forest at LEF: A. cuvieri, A. evermanni, A. gundlachi, A. occultus, and A. stratulus (Reagan 1991, 1992). Three other species, A. cristatellus, A. krugi, and A. pulchellus, occur in openings within the forest (Reagan 1996). Two of the m ...
CHOOSING THE APPROPRIATE SCALE OF RESERVES FOR
... It is the multitude of valued attributes of ecosystems that make coarse-filter conservation difficult. There is no a priori basis upon which to prioritize one set of attributes over another. For example, do we value endangered habitats more or less than diverse areas? Is function more or less import ...
... It is the multitude of valued attributes of ecosystems that make coarse-filter conservation difficult. There is no a priori basis upon which to prioritize one set of attributes over another. For example, do we value endangered habitats more or less than diverse areas? Is function more or less import ...
bottom-up regulation of plant community structure in an aridland
... (Appendix E). We found only one case in which vegetation in treatment and control plots responded differently to precipitation. In shrublands, control plots had higher community heterogeneity (6866 6 492) in response to winter rainfall than rodent removal plots (5399 6 492; Appendix E). Overall, we ...
... (Appendix E). We found only one case in which vegetation in treatment and control plots responded differently to precipitation. In shrublands, control plots had higher community heterogeneity (6866 6 492) in response to winter rainfall than rodent removal plots (5399 6 492; Appendix E). Overall, we ...
Introductory panbiogeography: method and synthesis
... history of science (Heads, 2005a). It is the only biological synthesis since Darwin’s (1859) theory of evolution to explicitly encompass and integrate all the principal dimensions and interrelationships (space, time, form) of evolution (Morrone, 2000). Panbiogeography is also the only non-Darwinian ...
... history of science (Heads, 2005a). It is the only biological synthesis since Darwin’s (1859) theory of evolution to explicitly encompass and integrate all the principal dimensions and interrelationships (space, time, form) of evolution (Morrone, 2000). Panbiogeography is also the only non-Darwinian ...
Meeting the Challenge of Invasive Plants: A Framework for Action
... Invasive species are a serious threat to biodiversity globally; they are found in most wildlife habitats and know no borders. The National Invasive Species Council, established by Executive Order 13112 in 1999, defines invasive species as species that are: . . . non-native to the ecosystem under con ...
... Invasive species are a serious threat to biodiversity globally; they are found in most wildlife habitats and know no borders. The National Invasive Species Council, established by Executive Order 13112 in 1999, defines invasive species as species that are: . . . non-native to the ecosystem under con ...
1 - Home
... neighbourhoods. In a wider context we reduced the space we need for agriculture reducing biodiversity in rural areas at the same time. ...
... neighbourhoods. In a wider context we reduced the space we need for agriculture reducing biodiversity in rural areas at the same time. ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... carnivorous forms, ranging in size from weasels to tigers. Species that habitually consume hard foods (bones, shells) had the highest fracture frequencies, followed by carnivores, and then insectivorous and/or omnivorous species. Predator and prey sizes were not associated with tooth fracture freque ...
... carnivorous forms, ranging in size from weasels to tigers. Species that habitually consume hard foods (bones, shells) had the highest fracture frequencies, followed by carnivores, and then insectivorous and/or omnivorous species. Predator and prey sizes were not associated with tooth fracture freque ...
Are hybrid species more fit than ancestral parent species in the
... excluded from the data analyses. Seedlings of all four species were transplanted into all four habitats, except that H. anomalus was not transplanted into the DES habitat because not enough individuals were available. For the ANN, PET and DES habitats, seedlings were transplanted into 6 blocks for a ...
... excluded from the data analyses. Seedlings of all four species were transplanted into all four habitats, except that H. anomalus was not transplanted into the DES habitat because not enough individuals were available. For the ANN, PET and DES habitats, seedlings were transplanted into 6 blocks for a ...
Trade-offs in community ecology: linking spatial scales and species
... them, have been discussed as prerequisites for coexistence at local spatial scales (Fig. 1). Some of the most common, and potentially important, trade-offs among species include differential utilization of resources (i.e. different nutrients or prey items), susceptibility to predators, use of the ab ...
... them, have been discussed as prerequisites for coexistence at local spatial scales (Fig. 1). Some of the most common, and potentially important, trade-offs among species include differential utilization of resources (i.e. different nutrients or prey items), susceptibility to predators, use of the ab ...
American Scientist - Department of Neurobiology and Behavior
... Another challenge for trees is to maximize pollination efficiency. This is especially true for wind-pollinated trees that are primarily outcrossing (rather than self-fertilizing), such as oaks, pines and the majority of tree species in the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Thi ...
... Another challenge for trees is to maximize pollination efficiency. This is especially true for wind-pollinated trees that are primarily outcrossing (rather than self-fertilizing), such as oaks, pines and the majority of tree species in the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Thi ...
fire and nonnative invasive plants
... not succeed in another (McPherson 2001). Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), a nonnative biennial herb, provides an example of a species with fire responses that vary with fire regime characteristics and with the plant community being treated. In an Illinois oak (Quercus spp.) forest, spring fires ...
... not succeed in another (McPherson 2001). Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), a nonnative biennial herb, provides an example of a species with fire responses that vary with fire regime characteristics and with the plant community being treated. In an Illinois oak (Quercus spp.) forest, spring fires ...
Organisms and Their Environment
... No species lives entirely alone. Every population shares its environment with other populations. This creates what is called a biological community. A biological community is made up of different populations in a certain area at a certain time. In a biological community, changes in one population ma ...
... No species lives entirely alone. Every population shares its environment with other populations. This creates what is called a biological community. A biological community is made up of different populations in a certain area at a certain time. In a biological community, changes in one population ma ...
CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF TERRITORY AND HABITAT OVERLAP IN WOOD- by
... are thought to require longer periods of time to evolve (Richman and Price 1992). Therefore we may expect coexisting species to initially occupy distinct habitats to avoid fitness costs of spatial overlap, and gradually diverge over evolutionary time with respect to other ecological traits such as ...
... are thought to require longer periods of time to evolve (Richman and Price 1992). Therefore we may expect coexisting species to initially occupy distinct habitats to avoid fitness costs of spatial overlap, and gradually diverge over evolutionary time with respect to other ecological traits such as ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.