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... et. al. 2004; ). Predation by invasive species is second only to habitat loss as the leading cause of avian extinctions and declines on islands, with rats and domestic cats implicated in most (72%) avian extinctions caused by invasive predators (Blackburn et. al. 2004). Despite existing predator co ...
... et. al. 2004; ). Predation by invasive species is second only to habitat loss as the leading cause of avian extinctions and declines on islands, with rats and domestic cats implicated in most (72%) avian extinctions caused by invasive predators (Blackburn et. al. 2004). Despite existing predator co ...
Pollination biology of the crypto-viviparous Avicennia species
... that it is pollinated by a variety of insects in Australia. These authors also reported that A. marina is visited by ants, wasps, bugs, flies, bee-flies, cantherid beetles, and moths but the most common visitor is Apis mellifera. Tomlinson (1986) described that A. alba, A. marina and A. officinalis ...
... that it is pollinated by a variety of insects in Australia. These authors also reported that A. marina is visited by ants, wasps, bugs, flies, bee-flies, cantherid beetles, and moths but the most common visitor is Apis mellifera. Tomlinson (1986) described that A. alba, A. marina and A. officinalis ...
Spatial variation in keystone effects: small mammal diversity
... Species with extensive geographic ranges may interact with different species assemblages at distant locations, with the result that the nature of the interactions may vary spatially. Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus occur from Canada to Mexico in grasslands of the western Great Plains ...
... Species with extensive geographic ranges may interact with different species assemblages at distant locations, with the result that the nature of the interactions may vary spatially. Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus occur from Canada to Mexico in grasslands of the western Great Plains ...
Using phylogeographic analyses of gene trees to test species status
... A gene tree is an evolutionary reconstruction of the genealogical history of the genetic variation found in a sample of homologous genes or DNA regions that have experienced little or no recombination. Gene trees have the potential of straddling the interface between intra- and interspecific evoluti ...
... A gene tree is an evolutionary reconstruction of the genealogical history of the genetic variation found in a sample of homologous genes or DNA regions that have experienced little or no recombination. Gene trees have the potential of straddling the interface between intra- and interspecific evoluti ...
Ch 54--Community Ecology
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Eastern Mountain
... no obvious means of long-distance dispersal. Seed longevity in the soil is not documented but is probably limited to a few years based on other Geum species. Seeds are easily germinated in cultivation following cold treatment. Vegetative reproduction occurs by stout rhizomes that produce new rosette ...
... no obvious means of long-distance dispersal. Seed longevity in the soil is not documented but is probably limited to a few years based on other Geum species. Seeds are easily germinated in cultivation following cold treatment. Vegetative reproduction occurs by stout rhizomes that produce new rosette ...
Northern Corroboree Frog review of information
... infestation as a result of sediment run-off from roads (Osborne 1991). Extreme fluctuations: Populations of the Northern Corroboree Frog apparently fluctuate as a result of variable breeding success in response to varying climatic conditions between seasons (Pengilley 1992). However, it is uncertain ...
... infestation as a result of sediment run-off from roads (Osborne 1991). Extreme fluctuations: Populations of the Northern Corroboree Frog apparently fluctuate as a result of variable breeding success in response to varying climatic conditions between seasons (Pengilley 1992). However, it is uncertain ...
NATURAL HISTORY AND CONSERVATION OF THE EYELASH
... include grey, brown, or yellow specimens. Extreme color variation may be exhibited within populations, and within litters. These colors provide crypsis for B. schlegelii in its arboreal habitat where it is a sit-and-wait predator that is often described as being nocturnal (Savage, 2002; Lee, 2000). ...
... include grey, brown, or yellow specimens. Extreme color variation may be exhibited within populations, and within litters. These colors provide crypsis for B. schlegelii in its arboreal habitat where it is a sit-and-wait predator that is often described as being nocturnal (Savage, 2002; Lee, 2000). ...
DECOMPOSER INSECTS
... differences between the entomological fauna of excrement are found, especially between the excrement of carnivores and those of herbivores. This occurs because the composition of nutrients is totally different between carnivore and herbivore excrement. While the excrement of herbivores contains a gr ...
... differences between the entomological fauna of excrement are found, especially between the excrement of carnivores and those of herbivores. This occurs because the composition of nutrients is totally different between carnivore and herbivore excrement. While the excrement of herbivores contains a gr ...
Production, Predation and Food Niche Segregation in a Marine
... contradicts the hypothesis that predation should be the major extrinsic determinant keeping population levels below the carrying capacity of the environment. Shallow soft bottoms provide a n abundant food supply that will neither limit growth nor produce severe competition between the epibenthic pre ...
... contradicts the hypothesis that predation should be the major extrinsic determinant keeping population levels below the carrying capacity of the environment. Shallow soft bottoms provide a n abundant food supply that will neither limit growth nor produce severe competition between the epibenthic pre ...
Biotic Interactions, Structure, and Long
... that determine such variations is one of the main challenges in ecology. Spatial pattern results from interaction of several forces: environmental heterogeneity (Ysebaert and Herman 2002), physical factors (Thrush et al. 1997; Legendre et al., 1997) and biological processes (Hall et al. 1994; Turner ...
... that determine such variations is one of the main challenges in ecology. Spatial pattern results from interaction of several forces: environmental heterogeneity (Ysebaert and Herman 2002), physical factors (Thrush et al. 1997; Legendre et al., 1997) and biological processes (Hall et al. 1994; Turner ...
agriculture - the Hawaii Ant Lab
... the W. auropunctata and crop-damaging hemipterans was also noted in areas where they were in abundance by Wetterer and Porter (2003). The actual effect of W. auropunctata on subsistence crops, however, is yet to be fully understood. The common understanding is that crops that produce large quantitie ...
... the W. auropunctata and crop-damaging hemipterans was also noted in areas where they were in abundance by Wetterer and Porter (2003). The actual effect of W. auropunctata on subsistence crops, however, is yet to be fully understood. The common understanding is that crops that produce large quantitie ...
Common Name: COOSAWATTEE CRAYFISH Scientific Name
... opportunistic omnivores and are likely to feed on live and decaying vegetation, aquatic insect larvae, small fishes, and dead animal matter. Life History: Stream dwelling crayfishes typically hide during the day and come out at night to feed. Reproduction usually occurs during the spring and fall, b ...
... opportunistic omnivores and are likely to feed on live and decaying vegetation, aquatic insect larvae, small fishes, and dead animal matter. Life History: Stream dwelling crayfishes typically hide during the day and come out at night to feed. Reproduction usually occurs during the spring and fall, b ...
Living together: behavior and welfare in single and mixed species
... increased social stimulation and the additional advantage of a larger enclosure. Such benefits would surely have a positive effect on the primates’ welfare. However, there are also welfare concerns that must be taken into account. Associations in the wild are temporary, allowing either species to re ...
... increased social stimulation and the additional advantage of a larger enclosure. Such benefits would surely have a positive effect on the primates’ welfare. However, there are also welfare concerns that must be taken into account. Associations in the wild are temporary, allowing either species to re ...
DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS - are they a cause for concern?
... significant influence on fish populations of the St. Lawrence River in general and smallmouth bass and northern pike populations in particular. Cormorants are known to have significant negative impacts on island habitats where they nest. Over time, ground vegetation and cover used by other birds and ...
... significant influence on fish populations of the St. Lawrence River in general and smallmouth bass and northern pike populations in particular. Cormorants are known to have significant negative impacts on island habitats where they nest. Over time, ground vegetation and cover used by other birds and ...
GREAT LAKES ISLANDS: BIODIVERSITY ELEMENTS AND THREATS
... Biological diversity patterns have been generally described for islands: (1) larger islands tend to be more species rich than smaller islands, (2) less isolated islands tend to be more species rich than more isolated islands, (3) species richness is lower on small, isolated islands than on large, le ...
... Biological diversity patterns have been generally described for islands: (1) larger islands tend to be more species rich than smaller islands, (2) less isolated islands tend to be more species rich than more isolated islands, (3) species richness is lower on small, isolated islands than on large, le ...
Document
... Wombats are small mammals that lives in Southeastern Australia, Tasmania, and a small area in Epping Forest National Park. There are only three species left, the three species are the common wombat, northern hairy nosed wombat, and the southern hairy nosed wombat. The northern hairy wombat is the mo ...
... Wombats are small mammals that lives in Southeastern Australia, Tasmania, and a small area in Epping Forest National Park. There are only three species left, the three species are the common wombat, northern hairy nosed wombat, and the southern hairy nosed wombat. The northern hairy wombat is the mo ...
The Islands of the Great Lakes
... Biological diversity patterns have been generally described for islands: (1) larger islands tend to be more species rich than smaller islands, (2) less isolated islands tend to be more species rich than more isolated islands, (3) species richness is lower on small, isolated islands than on large, le ...
... Biological diversity patterns have been generally described for islands: (1) larger islands tend to be more species rich than smaller islands, (2) less isolated islands tend to be more species rich than more isolated islands, (3) species richness is lower on small, isolated islands than on large, le ...
Urban biodiversity: patterns and mechanisms
... of vertebrate grazers). Humans do intentionally introduce pet species, especially dogs and cats, into the urban community. Free-roaming house cats may be substantial predators on native and nonnative birds, small mammals, and herpetofauna in urban areas, especially cats that are not fed by owners or ...
... of vertebrate grazers). Humans do intentionally introduce pet species, especially dogs and cats, into the urban community. Free-roaming house cats may be substantial predators on native and nonnative birds, small mammals, and herpetofauna in urban areas, especially cats that are not fed by owners or ...
Frog eat frog: exploring variables influencing
... We discuss these four explanatory variables separately first, before considering how they may act together. ...
... We discuss these four explanatory variables separately first, before considering how they may act together. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... via interactions such as competition or facilitation, or are disintegrated and dominated by chance. We still lack community-wide data on the intensities of interactions and randomness, and measurements of their impacts on community structure. 2. Using a long-term data set, we sought to measure the e ...
... via interactions such as competition or facilitation, or are disintegrated and dominated by chance. We still lack community-wide data on the intensities of interactions and randomness, and measurements of their impacts on community structure. 2. Using a long-term data set, we sought to measure the e ...
D 2.2 Traits analysis Final April 2010
... PRATIQUE will investigate this topic further and will be using the results from this deliverable. There was also a bias towards a few well studied species and a knowledge gap for low-impact or “non-pest” species, but this is a general characteristic in invasion ecology and is partly dealt with by ap ...
... PRATIQUE will investigate this topic further and will be using the results from this deliverable. There was also a bias towards a few well studied species and a knowledge gap for low-impact or “non-pest” species, but this is a general characteristic in invasion ecology and is partly dealt with by ap ...
Comparative recruitment patterns of two non-pioneer
... the seedlings to reach the seeds. I f not eaten, however, the large seed reserves allow seedling growth to continue in the shade. Indeed, 20 of 23 live seedlings in M a y 1989 grew a m e a n o f 11.3 + 11.0 cm (range 1-51 cm). T h o u g h most seedlings grew in the understory, the largest increments ...
... the seedlings to reach the seeds. I f not eaten, however, the large seed reserves allow seedling growth to continue in the shade. Indeed, 20 of 23 live seedlings in M a y 1989 grew a m e a n o f 11.3 + 11.0 cm (range 1-51 cm). T h o u g h most seedlings grew in the understory, the largest increments ...
Evaluating the role of ecological isolation in maintaining the species
... woodland site was dominated by Quercus robur with little herbaceous cover beneath, and was not tilled prior to planting. Within each site, the populations were planted at least 20 m apart (populations of the two species are frequently found in closer proximity in natural situations). The woodland an ...
... woodland site was dominated by Quercus robur with little herbaceous cover beneath, and was not tilled prior to planting. Within each site, the populations were planted at least 20 m apart (populations of the two species are frequently found in closer proximity in natural situations). The woodland an ...
the use of coastal agricultural fields in virginia as foraging habitat by
... STUDY AREA AND METHODS I conducted this study on the southern tip of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, within an area of approximately of 170 km*. The study area is bounded to the east by extensive tidal salt marsh, mud flats, and barrier islands and to the west by narrow sandy beaches (with several ti ...
... STUDY AREA AND METHODS I conducted this study on the southern tip of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, within an area of approximately of 170 km*. The study area is bounded to the east by extensive tidal salt marsh, mud flats, and barrier islands and to the west by narrow sandy beaches (with several ti ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.