An Analysis of Persistence, Resilience, and the Conservation of
... functioning ofan ecosystem. Consequently, in the rest ofthis paper, we abstract from the remaining (n -m) species and we focus on these m keystone species. The reader should note that all subsequent references to species are to these m keystone species. Economic activities such as fishing, grazing, ...
... functioning ofan ecosystem. Consequently, in the rest ofthis paper, we abstract from the remaining (n -m) species and we focus on these m keystone species. The reader should note that all subsequent references to species are to these m keystone species. Economic activities such as fishing, grazing, ...
How Habitat Edges Change Species Interactions
... can construct the function f(K, to incorporate terms for species' mortality and reproduction, alternative movement dynamics, and interactions with other species, among other considerations. Similarly, one can form the function g(ú) to reflect different types of boundary conditions. In more complicat ...
... can construct the function f(K, to incorporate terms for species' mortality and reproduction, alternative movement dynamics, and interactions with other species, among other considerations. Similarly, one can form the function g(ú) to reflect different types of boundary conditions. In more complicat ...
Diet, Morphology, and Interspecific Killing in Carnivora
... In addition, body size influences the outcomes of interference interactions, with large-bodied carnivores able to exclude small ones from habitat patches or prey carcasses. These highly asymmetrical interactions mediated by body size are common (Palomares and Delibes 1994; Kamler et al. 2003) and in ...
... In addition, body size influences the outcomes of interference interactions, with large-bodied carnivores able to exclude small ones from habitat patches or prey carcasses. These highly asymmetrical interactions mediated by body size are common (Palomares and Delibes 1994; Kamler et al. 2003) and in ...
Freshwater crabs in Africa - Freshwater Biological Association
... Major lakes are generally occupied by species which extend into rivers in the catchment. The main exception to this is Lake Tanganyika, which supports several endemic species and even an endemic family (Appendix). Each endemic species has specific lake bed habitat requirements, with Platythelphusa t ...
... Major lakes are generally occupied by species which extend into rivers in the catchment. The main exception to this is Lake Tanganyika, which supports several endemic species and even an endemic family (Appendix). Each endemic species has specific lake bed habitat requirements, with Platythelphusa t ...
Chapter 1 Art Slides
... are less fit than “single form” offspring, the population is adapting in one other way: Individuals prefer to mate with others of the same color pattern. ...
... are less fit than “single form” offspring, the population is adapting in one other way: Individuals prefer to mate with others of the same color pattern. ...
Understanding the implications of climate change for woodland
... Exploring the potential impacts of climate change on woodland Priority Habitat species In order to explore how woodlands may be affected by climate change, we used a bioclimatic envelope model (see Box 1) to examine the potential distribution changes of 178 woodland spec ...
... Exploring the potential impacts of climate change on woodland Priority Habitat species In order to explore how woodlands may be affected by climate change, we used a bioclimatic envelope model (see Box 1) to examine the potential distribution changes of 178 woodland spec ...
Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid
... Resilient ecosystems therefore require viable herbivore populations in a sustainable balance with environmental resource availability. This balance is becoming harder to achieve, with increasingly threatened species reliant on small protected areas in increasingly harsh and unpredictable environment ...
... Resilient ecosystems therefore require viable herbivore populations in a sustainable balance with environmental resource availability. This balance is becoming harder to achieve, with increasingly threatened species reliant on small protected areas in increasingly harsh and unpredictable environment ...
Threats to Biodiversity - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
... Studies of wildlife are more challenging, as free-ranging populations are exposed to thousands of different chemicals, and a number of other natural factors can affect their health. Captive-feeding studies have demonstrated that herring from the contaminated Baltic Sea affect the immune and endocrin ...
... Studies of wildlife are more challenging, as free-ranging populations are exposed to thousands of different chemicals, and a number of other natural factors can affect their health. Captive-feeding studies have demonstrated that herring from the contaminated Baltic Sea affect the immune and endocrin ...
Effects of predation risk on group size, vigilance
... risk effects are likely to be mistaken for simple bottom-up limitation by access to food (Creel and Christianson 2008). Studies are needed to measure the costs of antipredator responses, which will allow us to test the relative importance of direct mortality and risk effects and to identify the fact ...
... risk effects are likely to be mistaken for simple bottom-up limitation by access to food (Creel and Christianson 2008). Studies are needed to measure the costs of antipredator responses, which will allow us to test the relative importance of direct mortality and risk effects and to identify the fact ...
Terrestrial trophic dynamics in the Canadian Arctic
... traps per station and 15-m spacing between stations. The snap traps were baited with peanut butter and raisins. Where possible we laid the lines out in parallel, 100 m apart, but in most areas suitable lemming habitat was so patchy that we used single lines. In general, trap lines were spread over 1 ...
... traps per station and 15-m spacing between stations. The snap traps were baited with peanut butter and raisins. Where possible we laid the lines out in parallel, 100 m apart, but in most areas suitable lemming habitat was so patchy that we used single lines. In general, trap lines were spread over 1 ...
752-4740-1-SP - Oecologia Australis
... space and time. Among these mechanisms, competition is often mentioned as the regulatory factor structuring biological communities, despite the fact that the concept that is still controversial in ecology. Myrmecologists, however, for the most part, view competition as one of the main factors struct ...
... space and time. Among these mechanisms, competition is often mentioned as the regulatory factor structuring biological communities, despite the fact that the concept that is still controversial in ecology. Myrmecologists, however, for the most part, view competition as one of the main factors struct ...
The Global, Phenomena Complex - Woods Hole Oceanographic
... many cases, what was formerly considered a single species is in fact a mixture of genetically similar strains of that species. Considerable genetic diversity has now been documented within a single species, and evidence indicates that only some of these genotypes bloom under a given set of environme ...
... many cases, what was formerly considered a single species is in fact a mixture of genetically similar strains of that species. Considerable genetic diversity has now been documented within a single species, and evidence indicates that only some of these genotypes bloom under a given set of environme ...
Ecology and Evolution Affect Network Structure
... connections between species, that is, a presence/absence interaction matrix (but see Vazquez et al. 2007). However, an analysis of network properties based on an index of reciprocal specialization (Bluthgen et al. 2006) explicitly incorporating data on the frequency of interactions showed that speci ...
... connections between species, that is, a presence/absence interaction matrix (but see Vazquez et al. 2007). However, an analysis of network properties based on an index of reciprocal specialization (Bluthgen et al. 2006) explicitly incorporating data on the frequency of interactions showed that speci ...
Habitat Selection by Two Competing Species in a Two
... better for the first population than the second habitat, which means that rN1 1 rN2. Now we derive joint IFD for the two species. Because we defined IFD as the Nash equilibrium, we can follow standard methodology for computation of Nash equilibria (Thomas 1986). A method for computing this is to des ...
... better for the first population than the second habitat, which means that rN1 1 rN2. Now we derive joint IFD for the two species. Because we defined IFD as the Nash equilibrium, we can follow standard methodology for computation of Nash equilibria (Thomas 1986). A method for computing this is to des ...
Observations On Environmental Change in South Africa
... work has made a valuable contribution to science-based initiatives such as the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in identifying possibilities for improving human wellbeing, taking into account the capacity of ecosystem services to support these improvements. South Africa continues to ...
... work has made a valuable contribution to science-based initiatives such as the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in identifying possibilities for improving human wellbeing, taking into account the capacity of ecosystem services to support these improvements. South Africa continues to ...
Lobel et al.vp - Biodiversität, Evolution und Ökologie der Pflanzen
... review by GRACE 1999). Besides habitat quality, landscape structure and history are considered as important factors for species richness and species occurrence probabilities. The distribution of many species in the current landscape largely reflects historical land-use ...
... review by GRACE 1999). Besides habitat quality, landscape structure and history are considered as important factors for species richness and species occurrence probabilities. The distribution of many species in the current landscape largely reflects historical land-use ...
The Weed Impact to Native Species
... A quick review of the literature revealed 14 additional plant species either currently or potentially at risk, all of which occur in South Australia; and a threatened butterfly and four endangered ecological communities, all of which occur in New South Wales (see Table 1). There is additional inform ...
... A quick review of the literature revealed 14 additional plant species either currently or potentially at risk, all of which occur in South Australia; and a threatened butterfly and four endangered ecological communities, all of which occur in New South Wales (see Table 1). There is additional inform ...
mink
... and all but a few of the most remote offshore islands, but not on the Queen Charlotte Islands. There are two subspecies in British Columbia, the most widespread one occurring in freshwater habitats over most of the province and the other living and foraging almost entirely along saltwater shores on ...
... and all but a few of the most remote offshore islands, but not on the Queen Charlotte Islands. There are two subspecies in British Columbia, the most widespread one occurring in freshwater habitats over most of the province and the other living and foraging almost entirely along saltwater shores on ...
STM_Eucalyptus porosa woodland eastern flanks final.docx
... According to the Atlas of South Australia, the area has the following 2 soil types: Hard red duplex soils are probably the most important agricultural soils in the State. Their extent approximately defined the limits of the wheat belt in the nineteenth century. The subsurface soil consists of hard-s ...
... According to the Atlas of South Australia, the area has the following 2 soil types: Hard red duplex soils are probably the most important agricultural soils in the State. Their extent approximately defined the limits of the wheat belt in the nineteenth century. The subsurface soil consists of hard-s ...
pest control: rodents - DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska
... and success should be measured against the achievement of appropriate objectives (for example, prevention of crop damage or prevention of rodent infestations in warehouses or feed mills), not by counting the numbers of rodents killed or the amount of poison bait applied. No single method of rodent c ...
... and success should be measured against the achievement of appropriate objectives (for example, prevention of crop damage or prevention of rodent infestations in warehouses or feed mills), not by counting the numbers of rodents killed or the amount of poison bait applied. No single method of rodent c ...
View plan for Waimano Management Unit
... Waimano-01 encompasses the upper area of the MU including the upper fence line. It is predominantly native and is comprised of three steep subridges and four steep subgulches. The wild and reintroduced C. st.- johnii populations are found in this WCA. Some control has been conducted but no comprehen ...
... Waimano-01 encompasses the upper area of the MU including the upper fence line. It is predominantly native and is comprised of three steep subridges and four steep subgulches. The wild and reintroduced C. st.- johnii populations are found in this WCA. Some control has been conducted but no comprehen ...
Recreational hunting NSW: claims v facts fact sheet
... why a 2002-03 hunting bounty on foxes in Victoria did not work despite an apparently huge tally of 170,000 dead foxes. A review by government biologists found that the bounty would have reduced fox abundance in less than 4% of the state, that there was a mismatch between hunting effort and where fox ...
... why a 2002-03 hunting bounty on foxes in Victoria did not work despite an apparently huge tally of 170,000 dead foxes. A review by government biologists found that the bounty would have reduced fox abundance in less than 4% of the state, that there was a mismatch between hunting effort and where fox ...
Chapter 5
... Pollution-harmful substances released into the environment; threaten biodiversity and global stability Biological magnificationincreasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms as trophic levels increase in a food chain or food web. Ex: DDT levels in the American Bald Eagle – made eggshell ...
... Pollution-harmful substances released into the environment; threaten biodiversity and global stability Biological magnificationincreasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms as trophic levels increase in a food chain or food web. Ex: DDT levels in the American Bald Eagle – made eggshell ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.