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Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
... have elliptical RFs (Pruszynski and Johansson 2014; VegaBermudez and Johnson 1999) with aspect ratios that are similar, on average, to those of S1 cortical neurons (Sripati et al. 2006b). Elongated RFs, however, seem to be somewhat more prevalent in cortex than in the periphery. Sripati et al. (2006 ...
Rethinking Mammalian Brain Evolution1
... connectional characterization for even the best studied of mammalian brains, yet already the scattered details from comparative studies have begun to provide a remarkable array of new insights into the patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in informatio ...
... connectional characterization for even the best studied of mammalian brains, yet already the scattered details from comparative studies have begun to provide a remarkable array of new insights into the patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in informatio ...
Response Differences in Monkey TE and Perirhinal Cortex: Stimulus
... directly connected but distinct inferior temporal areas. Despite this distinctness, physiological properties of neurons in these two areas generally have been similar with neurons in both areas showing selectivity for complex visual patterns and showing response modulations related to behavioral con ...
... directly connected but distinct inferior temporal areas. Despite this distinctness, physiological properties of neurons in these two areas generally have been similar with neurons in both areas showing selectivity for complex visual patterns and showing response modulations related to behavioral con ...
Structure and Central Connections Of PERIPHERAL OLFACTORY
... (glycolipid) secretion that covers the surface of the receptors at the free epithelial border. The mucous layer is produced by the Bowman’s glands which reside in the muscularis mucosae of the olfactory neuroepithelium. The mucous lipids assist in dissolving and transporting the odorant molecules ac ...
... (glycolipid) secretion that covers the surface of the receptors at the free epithelial border. The mucous layer is produced by the Bowman’s glands which reside in the muscularis mucosae of the olfactory neuroepithelium. The mucous lipids assist in dissolving and transporting the odorant molecules ac ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... Techniques have been developed to enable the information provided by populations of simultaneously recorded neurons to be analyzed (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls et al. 1997a), and in this section, we extend these techniques to the analysis of functional imaging data. These tec ...
... Techniques have been developed to enable the information provided by populations of simultaneously recorded neurons to be analyzed (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls et al. 1997a), and in this section, we extend these techniques to the analysis of functional imaging data. These tec ...
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... pulse while delivering the same total charge, a typically excitatory pulse can activate a particular neuron with significantly lower probability. This difference in susceptibility of neurons within a population to activate preferentially to different stimulus pulse widths, which can be understood by ...
... pulse while delivering the same total charge, a typically excitatory pulse can activate a particular neuron with significantly lower probability. This difference in susceptibility of neurons within a population to activate preferentially to different stimulus pulse widths, which can be understood by ...
... Although it is well established that apoptotic mechanisms play a central role in neuronal death after different types of CNS damage, little is known about the activation of apoptotic pathways in glial cells which have been postulated to be important for the termination of the glial response. It is r ...
Disease Modeling Using Embryonic Stem Cells
... wild-type and ESCs lacking MeCP2 generated neuronal cultures of high purity, with more than 90% of the cells expressing neuronal markers after a few days in culture. These neurons were previously characterized as glutamatergic using antibodies to a glutamate vesicular transporter and to form functio ...
... wild-type and ESCs lacking MeCP2 generated neuronal cultures of high purity, with more than 90% of the cells expressing neuronal markers after a few days in culture. These neurons were previously characterized as glutamatergic using antibodies to a glutamate vesicular transporter and to form functio ...
neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine treatment eliminates cholinergic
... identical to those used to treat neonates caused the loss of noradrenergic fibers from the iris, salivary gland, and many blood vessels but did not noticeably affect AChE and VIP staining or axonal ultrastructure in the sweat glands. However, treatment with higher doses of 6-OHDA did cause significa ...
... identical to those used to treat neonates caused the loss of noradrenergic fibers from the iris, salivary gland, and many blood vessels but did not noticeably affect AChE and VIP staining or axonal ultrastructure in the sweat glands. However, treatment with higher doses of 6-OHDA did cause significa ...
Seminars in
... The concentrations of insulin and glucose are elevated, and glucagon is depressed. Glucose in excess of the fuel needs is stored as glycogen in liver and muscle, or is converted to lipid. This is the only phase in which the liver is a net user of glucose, and gluconeogenesis is of little consequence ...
... The concentrations of insulin and glucose are elevated, and glucagon is depressed. Glucose in excess of the fuel needs is stored as glycogen in liver and muscle, or is converted to lipid. This is the only phase in which the liver is a net user of glucose, and gluconeogenesis is of little consequence ...
Comparative Study of c-Fos Expression in Rat Dorsal Vagal
... and close correlation in function, so that they constitute the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) (4). Thus, DVC and NA are the primary nerve centres that regulate gastric functions. Nevertheless, whether the neurons of DMV, NTS, AP and NA are excited, and characterization of the temporal-spatial pattern of ...
... and close correlation in function, so that they constitute the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) (4). Thus, DVC and NA are the primary nerve centres that regulate gastric functions. Nevertheless, whether the neurons of DMV, NTS, AP and NA are excited, and characterization of the temporal-spatial pattern of ...
Computing with Spiking Neuron Networks
... the soma, the cell body of the neuron. This brief electric pulse (1 or 2ms duration) then travels along the neuron’s axon, that in turn is linked up to the receiving end of other neurons, the dendrites (see Figure 1, left view). At the end of the axon, synapses connect one neuron to another, and at ...
... the soma, the cell body of the neuron. This brief electric pulse (1 or 2ms duration) then travels along the neuron’s axon, that in turn is linked up to the receiving end of other neurons, the dendrites (see Figure 1, left view). At the end of the axon, synapses connect one neuron to another, and at ...
Identification of the Amino Terminus of Neuronal Ca2
... the end of the I–II loop (De Waard et al., 1997; Zamponi et al., 1997). Second, a C-terminal site has recently been identified and proposed to be the unique region responsible for G-protein inhibition of human a1E (Qin et al., 1997). A 38 amino acid sequence in the center of the a1E C terminus has b ...
... the end of the I–II loop (De Waard et al., 1997; Zamponi et al., 1997). Second, a C-terminal site has recently been identified and proposed to be the unique region responsible for G-protein inhibition of human a1E (Qin et al., 1997). A 38 amino acid sequence in the center of the a1E C terminus has b ...
mecp2 and the epigenetic regulation of excitatory synaptic
... Conversely, histone deacetylation refers to the removal of these acetyl groups, which causes the repression of gene expression by tightening the DNA-histone complex. My work has concentrated on both DNA methylation and histone deacetylation as means of repressing transcription due to their associat ...
... Conversely, histone deacetylation refers to the removal of these acetyl groups, which causes the repression of gene expression by tightening the DNA-histone complex. My work has concentrated on both DNA methylation and histone deacetylation as means of repressing transcription due to their associat ...
Lesion of the perforant path triggers a biphasic neurogenic response
... occurs in areas d istant to a lesion site, astrocytes hypertrophy but rem ain tiled (Figure 2B; Wilhelm sson et al., 2006). In such cases, tissue reorganization is m inim al, and reactive astrogliosis resolves w ithin a few w eeks. H ow ever, follow ing m ore severe CN S insults such as m ajor trau ...
... occurs in areas d istant to a lesion site, astrocytes hypertrophy but rem ain tiled (Figure 2B; Wilhelm sson et al., 2006). In such cases, tissue reorganization is m inim al, and reactive astrogliosis resolves w ithin a few w eeks. H ow ever, follow ing m ore severe CN S insults such as m ajor trau ...
Sensory Nerves in Adult Rats Regenerate and Restore Sensory
... significant differences were found, either for myelinated or unmyelinated fibers, between control animals and animals that received anti-NGF treatment throughout the regeneration process (Table 1). Was the dose of anti-NGF adequate? Conceivably, the level of anti-NGF required to prevent regeneration ...
... significant differences were found, either for myelinated or unmyelinated fibers, between control animals and animals that received anti-NGF treatment throughout the regeneration process (Table 1). Was the dose of anti-NGF adequate? Conceivably, the level of anti-NGF required to prevent regeneration ...
facing page
... vapor leads to diverse outcomes at levels ranging from the cell to the whole organism. The central nervous system is one of the main targets. A number of long-lasting neurological and behavioral impairments, as well as various biochemical, molecular and diffuse changes in the white and grey matter o ...
... vapor leads to diverse outcomes at levels ranging from the cell to the whole organism. The central nervous system is one of the main targets. A number of long-lasting neurological and behavioral impairments, as well as various biochemical, molecular and diffuse changes in the white and grey matter o ...
Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat
... Current thinking about the structure and function of neocortex is largely shaped by several underlying principles: parcellation of the cortical sheet into distinct regions containing neurons of similar function (Van Essen 2013; Zilles and Amunts 2010), systematic white matter connections between the ...
... Current thinking about the structure and function of neocortex is largely shaped by several underlying principles: parcellation of the cortical sheet into distinct regions containing neurons of similar function (Van Essen 2013; Zilles and Amunts 2010), systematic white matter connections between the ...
Complete nervous system 11
... B. Organs of the nervous system can be divided into the central nervous system (CNS), made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), made up of peripheral nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. ...
... B. Organs of the nervous system can be divided into the central nervous system (CNS), made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), made up of peripheral nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. ...
electrophysiological and synaptic properties of rat superior and
... of the United States, and is a major risk factor for subsequent development of cardiovascular disease. Essential (primary) hypertension accounts for >90% of the total cases each year, while HT secondary to other causes, including elevated aldosterone or glucocorticoid levels (secondary HT) accounts ...
... of the United States, and is a major risk factor for subsequent development of cardiovascular disease. Essential (primary) hypertension accounts for >90% of the total cases each year, while HT secondary to other causes, including elevated aldosterone or glucocorticoid levels (secondary HT) accounts ...
Neurobiological mechanisms of puberty in higher primates
... Not only is the GnRH-I gene and its peptide expressed at high levels prior to the pubertal resurgence of pulsatile release, but a pattern of peptide secretion similar to that of the pubertal state may be elicited with remarkable ease from the hypothalamus of the juvenile by applying a repetitive int ...
... Not only is the GnRH-I gene and its peptide expressed at high levels prior to the pubertal resurgence of pulsatile release, but a pattern of peptide secretion similar to that of the pubertal state may be elicited with remarkable ease from the hypothalamus of the juvenile by applying a repetitive int ...
Metal ion reconstitution studies of yeast copper
... Co 2c per protein dimer under the conditions in which the bovine and human CuZnSOD apoenzymes readily bind two per dimer. The spectroscopic properties characteristic of the two Cu 2c plus two Co 2c per dimer or four Cu 2c per dimer metal-substituted bovine apo CuZnSOD derivatives were obtained for t ...
... Co 2c per protein dimer under the conditions in which the bovine and human CuZnSOD apoenzymes readily bind two per dimer. The spectroscopic properties characteristic of the two Cu 2c plus two Co 2c per dimer or four Cu 2c per dimer metal-substituted bovine apo CuZnSOD derivatives were obtained for t ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... Because D1 is able to convert T4 to the considerably active T3, initially it was thought to be the main source of extra-thyroidal T3 [16, 17]. Recently, however, increasing evidence indicates that D1 contributes significantly to the circulating T3 concentration only in hyperthyroid patients, but not ...
... Because D1 is able to convert T4 to the considerably active T3, initially it was thought to be the main source of extra-thyroidal T3 [16, 17]. Recently, however, increasing evidence indicates that D1 contributes significantly to the circulating T3 concentration only in hyperthyroid patients, but not ...
Clinical neurochemistry
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neuron_with_mHtt_inclusion.jpg?width=300)
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.