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... colonial animals. Their life histories range from ephemeral to perennial. Aspects of their lives such as growth, reproduction, partial mortality due to predation or fouling, and the behavior of both autozooids and polymorphs can be studied at the level of the colony, as well as that of the individua ...
... colonial animals. Their life histories range from ephemeral to perennial. Aspects of their lives such as growth, reproduction, partial mortality due to predation or fouling, and the behavior of both autozooids and polymorphs can be studied at the level of the colony, as well as that of the individua ...
Collapse of the world`s largest herbivores
... All 10 large herbivore species within the families Elephantidae, and conservation of these taxa (10). For example, although highly threatHippopotamidae, Hominidae, and Tapiridae are currently threatened ened, the six large-bodied species in the Suidae family are collectively (Fig. 2). The large herb ...
... All 10 large herbivore species within the families Elephantidae, and conservation of these taxa (10). For example, although highly threatHippopotamidae, Hominidae, and Tapiridae are currently threatened ened, the six large-bodied species in the Suidae family are collectively (Fig. 2). The large herb ...
Can community-protected areas conserve biodiversity in human
... [42] nomenclature, and sorted images to independent capture events, considering as independent two images of the same species in the same site separated by more than 12 hours. This relatively long time span between independent captures was used to avoid overestimation of the abundance of species wit ...
... [42] nomenclature, and sorted images to independent capture events, considering as independent two images of the same species in the same site separated by more than 12 hours. This relatively long time span between independent captures was used to avoid overestimation of the abundance of species wit ...
IMPLICATIONS OF PLANT DIVERSITY AND SOIL CHEMICAL
... allow for its persistence in a diverse community. Analysis of soil samples, taken pair wise (cogongrass invaded and non-invaded areas) at both sites, showed significant differences in soil NO3--N, K+ and pH. Significantly lower levels of NO3--N and K+ were observed in cogongrass patches compared to ...
... allow for its persistence in a diverse community. Analysis of soil samples, taken pair wise (cogongrass invaded and non-invaded areas) at both sites, showed significant differences in soil NO3--N, K+ and pH. Significantly lower levels of NO3--N and K+ were observed in cogongrass patches compared to ...
Living where the flow is right: How flow affects
... Only autozooids (with or without polypides) were counted for each species. Autozooids have a polypide in them at some point and are capable of feeding. Some autozooids will lose their polypides and serve another purpose, such as support, in an erect-tree colony or in an excurrent space in an encrust ...
... Only autozooids (with or without polypides) were counted for each species. Autozooids have a polypide in them at some point and are capable of feeding. Some autozooids will lose their polypides and serve another purpose, such as support, in an erect-tree colony or in an excurrent space in an encrust ...
Ecological Character Displacement in Adaptive Radiation
... to which of these criteria have been met: First, phenotypic differences between populations and species should be wholly or partly genetic. Second, chance should be ruled out as an explanation of the pattern. Third, population and species differences should represent evolutionary shifts, not just sp ...
... to which of these criteria have been met: First, phenotypic differences between populations and species should be wholly or partly genetic. Second, chance should be ruled out as an explanation of the pattern. Third, population and species differences should represent evolutionary shifts, not just sp ...
Vector Corruption - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
... while the ventral surface is white or yellow. American bullfrogs have conspicuous tympanic membranes (eardrums). In males, the ear drum is larger than the eye, while in females it is about the same size or smaller. Bullfrogs bred in spring and summer in deep areas with dense cover (Cook & Jennings, ...
... while the ventral surface is white or yellow. American bullfrogs have conspicuous tympanic membranes (eardrums). In males, the ear drum is larger than the eye, while in females it is about the same size or smaller. Bullfrogs bred in spring and summer in deep areas with dense cover (Cook & Jennings, ...
Burdi 1 Sea Star Acrobatics: Testing the
... response. However, none of those studies examined the differences in righting response on different substrata. Eight species of sea stars were used in this study: Three different color variations of Henricia leviuscula (blood red, yellow, and gray arm pitted), Leptasterias hexactis, Pyconopodia hel ...
... response. However, none of those studies examined the differences in righting response on different substrata. Eight species of sea stars were used in this study: Three different color variations of Henricia leviuscula (blood red, yellow, and gray arm pitted), Leptasterias hexactis, Pyconopodia hel ...
Legume species identity and soil nitrogen supply elevated atmospheric [CO
... The Ndfa exhibited a complex, three-way interactive response to species identity, atmospheric [CO2] and N fertilization in this experiment (Fig. 2, Table 1). There was a significant decrease in Ndfa with N fertilization across species. However, the effect of [CO2] depended strongly on both N fertili ...
... The Ndfa exhibited a complex, three-way interactive response to species identity, atmospheric [CO2] and N fertilization in this experiment (Fig. 2, Table 1). There was a significant decrease in Ndfa with N fertilization across species. However, the effect of [CO2] depended strongly on both N fertili ...
Baited technique improves censuses of cryptic fish in complex habitats
... rarely been used as it is an extremely labour intensive and time consuming process. Predation appears to play an important role in determining the structure of populations and communities of coral reef fish (Hixon 1991, Jones 1991, Caley et al. 1996). Several recent studies have shown a link between ...
... rarely been used as it is an extremely labour intensive and time consuming process. Predation appears to play an important role in determining the structure of populations and communities of coral reef fish (Hixon 1991, Jones 1991, Caley et al. 1996). Several recent studies have shown a link between ...
BUTTERFLY GARDEN
... are unique among insects in that their entire bodies are covered with overlapping scales arranged like shingles on a roof. The scales are so small that 250 laid end to end would only be one inch long. They are so thin that it would take more than half a million of them stacked up to be an inch tall! ...
... are unique among insects in that their entire bodies are covered with overlapping scales arranged like shingles on a roof. The scales are so small that 250 laid end to end would only be one inch long. They are so thin that it would take more than half a million of them stacked up to be an inch tall! ...
Reports
... The experiment was motivated by observations (Appendix A) that the abundance of the competitive dominant plant S. rugosa and plant species diversity vary linearly with the relative proportion of P. mira and P. rimator spiders among several fields in the vicinity of the experimental field site, sugge ...
... The experiment was motivated by observations (Appendix A) that the abundance of the competitive dominant plant S. rugosa and plant species diversity vary linearly with the relative proportion of P. mira and P. rimator spiders among several fields in the vicinity of the experimental field site, sugge ...
Size-structured aquatic systems M2 EBE 2014
... be retained by sieving when they are larger than the filter’s pore size (particle 1), or by hydrosol filtration when they are smaller than the pore size (particle 2); in this case, the small particles stick to the elements of the filter. ...
... be retained by sieving when they are larger than the filter’s pore size (particle 1), or by hydrosol filtration when they are smaller than the pore size (particle 2); in this case, the small particles stick to the elements of the filter. ...
WGCP PIF Plan (2003 Revised Draft)
... Oklahoma have been converted to short rotation pine plantations. The pine habitat in the WGCP has undergone dramatic changes, even though some type of pine still dominates most of the landscape. The area was originally longleaf in the southern portion, with some loblolly pine in drainages protected ...
... Oklahoma have been converted to short rotation pine plantations. The pine habitat in the WGCP has undergone dramatic changes, even though some type of pine still dominates most of the landscape. The area was originally longleaf in the southern portion, with some loblolly pine in drainages protected ...
On the organization of ecosystems Veldhuis, Michiel
... 1998). Surprisingly, although the complex (adaptive) systems perspective has revolutionized other fields in biology as cell biology, genetics and developmental biology, the field of systems ecology seems to be losing ground, possibly because it seems to lack generally accepted theories or principles ...
... 1998). Surprisingly, although the complex (adaptive) systems perspective has revolutionized other fields in biology as cell biology, genetics and developmental biology, the field of systems ecology seems to be losing ground, possibly because it seems to lack generally accepted theories or principles ...
presence and prevalence of bd - The Center for North American
... to the mean of the triplicate Ct values of the sampled individuals. The subsequent ZE value was then considered representative of the individual’s disease status. Of the 143 individuals sampled, 19 individuals registered detectable zoospore DNA during qPCR analysis (Table 1). An individual was consi ...
... to the mean of the triplicate Ct values of the sampled individuals. The subsequent ZE value was then considered representative of the individual’s disease status. Of the 143 individuals sampled, 19 individuals registered detectable zoospore DNA during qPCR analysis (Table 1). An individual was consi ...
Chapter 54(Community Ecology)
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
A comparison of invasive and non
... been introduced outside their native range, primarily as ornamentals (e.g. Gardino Nursery, 2004; NRCS Plants, 2004), although not necessarily with the same propagule pressure as the invaders. Nutrient gradient experiment I compared the performance of two pairs of invasive and noninvasive species ac ...
... been introduced outside their native range, primarily as ornamentals (e.g. Gardino Nursery, 2004; NRCS Plants, 2004), although not necessarily with the same propagule pressure as the invaders. Nutrient gradient experiment I compared the performance of two pairs of invasive and noninvasive species ac ...
Nearshore fish assemblages associated with introduced predatory
... 3. The presence of an introduced predator was associated with significantly different native fish assemblages across lakes, after controlling for environmental and spatial variables. 4. Native fish assemblages did not significantly vary across lakes with more than one predator species. Furthermore, whil ...
... 3. The presence of an introduced predator was associated with significantly different native fish assemblages across lakes, after controlling for environmental and spatial variables. 4. Native fish assemblages did not significantly vary across lakes with more than one predator species. Furthermore, whil ...
Belgium - Convention on Migratory Species
... Reporting format agreed by the Standing Committee at its 32nd Meeting (Bonn, November 2007) for mandatory use by Parties, for reports submitted to the Tenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP10) (Norway, 2011). The questions below combine elements of Resolution 4.1 (Party Reports) adopted ...
... Reporting format agreed by the Standing Committee at its 32nd Meeting (Bonn, November 2007) for mandatory use by Parties, for reports submitted to the Tenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP10) (Norway, 2011). The questions below combine elements of Resolution 4.1 (Party Reports) adopted ...
populations
... • Population growth rate: amount the population has changed divided by the time it had to change • Population growth curves: graph how populations grow; used to find • How fast a population could grow • How many individuals there are now • What the future population size could be © 2011 Pearson Educ ...
... • Population growth rate: amount the population has changed divided by the time it had to change • Population growth curves: graph how populations grow; used to find • How fast a population could grow • How many individuals there are now • What the future population size could be © 2011 Pearson Educ ...
A multi-agent ecosystem model for studying changes in a tropical
... Abstract – As marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being utilised as a tool for fishery management, their impact on the food web needs to be fully understood. However, little is known about the effect of MPAs on fish assemblages, especially in the presence of different life history and ecolo ...
... Abstract – As marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being utilised as a tool for fishery management, their impact on the food web needs to be fully understood. However, little is known about the effect of MPAs on fish assemblages, especially in the presence of different life history and ecolo ...
Competitive avoidance not edaphic specialization drives vertical
... of EM fungi. It is widely recognized that the plant root density declines with increasing depth (Jackson et al., 1996), and Peay et al. (2011) found evidence that EM fungal community composition was strongly influenced by horizontal gradients in rooting density, with long- and short-distance explora ...
... of EM fungi. It is widely recognized that the plant root density declines with increasing depth (Jackson et al., 1996), and Peay et al. (2011) found evidence that EM fungal community composition was strongly influenced by horizontal gradients in rooting density, with long- and short-distance explora ...
4.3 Succession File
... Bees help flowers reproduce by spreading pollen. The bees benefit by getting energy-rich pollen. What type of symbiosis is this? ...
... Bees help flowers reproduce by spreading pollen. The bees benefit by getting energy-rich pollen. What type of symbiosis is this? ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.