NotesChapter7
... A metapopulation is made up of a number of spatially separated, extinction-prone local populations (or subpopulations) that are linked by migration (Groombridge 1992, Barbault & Sastrapradja 1995, Wikipedia Contributors 2006b). It may be described as a ‘population of populations’ with two levels of ...
... A metapopulation is made up of a number of spatially separated, extinction-prone local populations (or subpopulations) that are linked by migration (Groombridge 1992, Barbault & Sastrapradja 1995, Wikipedia Contributors 2006b). It may be described as a ‘population of populations’ with two levels of ...
habitat and landscape characteristics underlying anuran
... Map Server, available online).5 Final site selection was based on two criteria. First, sites had to be at least 2 km apart to ensure independence in landscape analyses. Second, sites were restricted to semi-permanent or permanent ponds, containing at least 50% open water. Urban wetlands tend to be o ...
... Map Server, available online).5 Final site selection was based on two criteria. First, sites had to be at least 2 km apart to ensure independence in landscape analyses. Second, sites were restricted to semi-permanent or permanent ponds, containing at least 50% open water. Urban wetlands tend to be o ...
Hui y McGeoch 2006
... Evidences reinforce the point that discontinuities in the geometry of vegetated landscape impose discontinuities on the morphology of animals (Morton, 1990). However, species richness and body size distribution in different tropic levels have been little investigated and compared. Several recent stu ...
... Evidences reinforce the point that discontinuities in the geometry of vegetated landscape impose discontinuities on the morphology of animals (Morton, 1990). However, species richness and body size distribution in different tropic levels have been little investigated and compared. Several recent stu ...
The Association and Diversification of Trapezia Crabs with their
... are highly prone to recurring stresses (Holbrook et al. 2008). Moreover, natural and anthropogenic disturbances are gaining increasing concern as changes to the coral reef communities can have cascading effects on their symbionts (Gibson 2011, Sin 2000). Mutualisms direct how coral-associates partit ...
... are highly prone to recurring stresses (Holbrook et al. 2008). Moreover, natural and anthropogenic disturbances are gaining increasing concern as changes to the coral reef communities can have cascading effects on their symbionts (Gibson 2011, Sin 2000). Mutualisms direct how coral-associates partit ...
3. Ecosystems Booklet TN
... IGNORE average (but) error bars overlap; ACCEPT cross (over) (could have) mean trend reversed/equal numbers in some pairs of results; e.g. in any pair of results you could find that the number of earthworms in the cleared soil could be higher than in the uncleared soil difference, not/less, valid; A ...
... IGNORE average (but) error bars overlap; ACCEPT cross (over) (could have) mean trend reversed/equal numbers in some pairs of results; e.g. in any pair of results you could find that the number of earthworms in the cleared soil could be higher than in the uncleared soil difference, not/less, valid; A ...
CBD Fourth National Report
... (non-intensive) way. Very often agricultural land, especially on mountains, alternates with fallow or abandoned land, colonized by shrubby or phryganic vegetation, which further diversifies habitat conditions. ...
... (non-intensive) way. Very often agricultural land, especially on mountains, alternates with fallow or abandoned land, colonized by shrubby or phryganic vegetation, which further diversifies habitat conditions. ...
Behavioral Interactions Among Four Species of the Salamander
... monticola in arenas with a second salamander. I de? signed six treatments involving conspecific or congeneric pairs: (1) two adult D. monticola (mean snoutto-vent length [SVL] = 53 mm) of the same sex, (2) two juvenile D. monticola (mean SVL =32 mm), (3) an adult D. monticola and an adult D. quadram ...
... monticola in arenas with a second salamander. I de? signed six treatments involving conspecific or congeneric pairs: (1) two adult D. monticola (mean snoutto-vent length [SVL] = 53 mm) of the same sex, (2) two juvenile D. monticola (mean SVL =32 mm), (3) an adult D. monticola and an adult D. quadram ...
Chapter 11
... density (Figure 11.3). Mean plant biomass was independent of density so that more plants yielded higher total biomass. After about 45 days, during which there was no mortality, total biomass of each population was relatively constant and independent of density. Differences in density were compensate ...
... density (Figure 11.3). Mean plant biomass was independent of density so that more plants yielded higher total biomass. After about 45 days, during which there was no mortality, total biomass of each population was relatively constant and independent of density. Differences in density were compensate ...
CP EIR 01 - City of Redwood City
... and forbs tolerant of this substrate chemical properties such as erect plantain (Plantago erecta) and the bunchgrass, purple needlegrass (Nasella pulchra). Serpentine bunchgrass was observed in Edgewood County Park and Stulsaft Park, and also occurs in scattered locations on private parcels in the E ...
... and forbs tolerant of this substrate chemical properties such as erect plantain (Plantago erecta) and the bunchgrass, purple needlegrass (Nasella pulchra). Serpentine bunchgrass was observed in Edgewood County Park and Stulsaft Park, and also occurs in scattered locations on private parcels in the E ...
Preston et al. 2012 comm invasions
... 2005). Disentangling interactions among multiple invaders within native communities becomes even more challenging when nonnative species occur simultaneously with other types of environmental change, which can facilitate invaders or directly alter community structure (MacDougall and Turkington 2005) ...
... 2005). Disentangling interactions among multiple invaders within native communities becomes even more challenging when nonnative species occur simultaneously with other types of environmental change, which can facilitate invaders or directly alter community structure (MacDougall and Turkington 2005) ...
Are hybrid species more fit than ancestral parent species in the
... H. deserticola, 126 H. annuus and 126 H. deserticola seedlings in the ANO habitat. We used more individuals in the ANO habitat because this study was combined with a phenotypic selection experiment with artificial hybrids. The results of the selection analysis for H. anomalus are presented in Donova ...
... H. deserticola, 126 H. annuus and 126 H. deserticola seedlings in the ANO habitat. We used more individuals in the ANO habitat because this study was combined with a phenotypic selection experiment with artificial hybrids. The results of the selection analysis for H. anomalus are presented in Donova ...
Chapter 8 Diversity and ecosystem function Jan Lepš Dr. Jan Lepš
... b.log(2) new species are added. The number of species at zero area is not defined; actually, for very small plot sizes S becomes negative. Note that both c and a depend on the units in which area is measured, whereas z and b do not. Theoretical arguments supporting either of the relationships were s ...
... b.log(2) new species are added. The number of species at zero area is not defined; actually, for very small plot sizes S becomes negative. Note that both c and a depend on the units in which area is measured, whereas z and b do not. Theoretical arguments supporting either of the relationships were s ...
conclusions from phytoplankton surveys
... species. Many of the species are rather erratic in their appearance and abundance; others are more predictable but still very rare, when compared to the densities of the few dominant species (Padisák, 1992). The Competitive Exclusion Theory (Hardin, 1960) predicts that only as many species can coexi ...
... species. Many of the species are rather erratic in their appearance and abundance; others are more predictable but still very rare, when compared to the densities of the few dominant species (Padisák, 1992). The Competitive Exclusion Theory (Hardin, 1960) predicts that only as many species can coexi ...
Smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina)
... DESCRIPTION: Sumac is native throughout eastern U.S. and southern Canada but occurs most commonly in eastern U.S. on forest edges, abandoned fields and roadsides. Their interesting branching patterns, height, bright-red fall foliage and colony forming habit make these woody perennial shrubs of the c ...
... DESCRIPTION: Sumac is native throughout eastern U.S. and southern Canada but occurs most commonly in eastern U.S. on forest edges, abandoned fields and roadsides. Their interesting branching patterns, height, bright-red fall foliage and colony forming habit make these woody perennial shrubs of the c ...
PDF - Ocean Science Foundation
... González-Gándara & de la Cruz-Francisco (2014). Madagascar Reef is a shallow (4–13 m deep), low-relief rock bank about 2.55 km long and less than 0.2 km wide, that resembles a half-buried French baguette. It is thickly covered with small, tree-like gorgonians and supports a few scattered, small colo ...
... González-Gándara & de la Cruz-Francisco (2014). Madagascar Reef is a shallow (4–13 m deep), low-relief rock bank about 2.55 km long and less than 0.2 km wide, that resembles a half-buried French baguette. It is thickly covered with small, tree-like gorgonians and supports a few scattered, small colo ...
Landscape modification and habitat fragmentation: a
... vegetation) and non-habitat (other land cover) ignores habitat suitability gradients and differences between species with respect to what constitutes suitable habitat for them (Fig. 3; Andrén et al., 1997); importantly, many native species can be conserved in well-managed production landscapes (Dail ...
... vegetation) and non-habitat (other land cover) ignores habitat suitability gradients and differences between species with respect to what constitutes suitable habitat for them (Fig. 3; Andrén et al., 1997); importantly, many native species can be conserved in well-managed production landscapes (Dail ...
Competition in lichen communities
... moisture supply, and low availability of nutrients (Grime, 1979). There is abundant evidence that under these conditions, lichens sequester a high proportion of photosynthate for stress resistance rather than growth (Farrer, 1973). Hence, whether or not competition is a significant factor in symbiot ...
... moisture supply, and low availability of nutrients (Grime, 1979). There is abundant evidence that under these conditions, lichens sequester a high proportion of photosynthate for stress resistance rather than growth (Farrer, 1973). Hence, whether or not competition is a significant factor in symbiot ...
HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN AN INVASIVE AND A NATIVE
... natural cases. Here, we report genetic evidence of hybridization between invasive O. rusticus (Girard, 1852) and native O. sanbornii (Girard, 1852) in the Huron River in north-central Ohio based on a combination of molecular markers: nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and allozymes. Although we found n ...
... natural cases. Here, we report genetic evidence of hybridization between invasive O. rusticus (Girard, 1852) and native O. sanbornii (Girard, 1852) in the Huron River in north-central Ohio based on a combination of molecular markers: nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and allozymes. Although we found n ...
Appendix A2 Ecology - Environment Agency
... plants display adaptations to such conditions ranging from the development of air-filled spaces and pathways (aerenchyma) in the roots and rhizomes, which are aerated via the shoots, to the (at least partial) tolerance of phytotoxins such as ferric ions and sulphide compounds. However, most species ...
... plants display adaptations to such conditions ranging from the development of air-filled spaces and pathways (aerenchyma) in the roots and rhizomes, which are aerated via the shoots, to the (at least partial) tolerance of phytotoxins such as ferric ions and sulphide compounds. However, most species ...
Shelter selection in the Amazonian zebra pleco - Ainfo
... the ornamental fish market. Many species, however, are currently overexploited in the Amazon basin (Camargo and Ghilardi, 2009), provoking social and environmental issues. The great diversity of microhabitat in the Amazon basin, specifically in the Xingu River, has favoured the rise of many endemic sp ...
... the ornamental fish market. Many species, however, are currently overexploited in the Amazon basin (Camargo and Ghilardi, 2009), provoking social and environmental issues. The great diversity of microhabitat in the Amazon basin, specifically in the Xingu River, has favoured the rise of many endemic sp ...
AND Gehyra variegata) IN REMNANT HABITAT
... (Sarre, unpublished data) showed that even at very low population densities both species are usually observed within 30 min of commencing the survey. Intensive hand searching was carried out during the day if one or both of the species were not seen during the night surveys. If the species were stil ...
... (Sarre, unpublished data) showed that even at very low population densities both species are usually observed within 30 min of commencing the survey. Intensive hand searching was carried out during the day if one or both of the species were not seen during the night surveys. If the species were stil ...
lachlania-dencyanna-petition
... morphology, and a molting behavior that is unique among the Ephemeroptera (all mayflies) (Edmunds et al., 1976, McCafferty et al., 1997). Known solely from a small area of the Gila River drainage system in Grant County, New Mexico, this narrowly endemic and sensitive species is in imminent danger of ...
... morphology, and a molting behavior that is unique among the Ephemeroptera (all mayflies) (Edmunds et al., 1976, McCafferty et al., 1997). Known solely from a small area of the Gila River drainage system in Grant County, New Mexico, this narrowly endemic and sensitive species is in imminent danger of ...
Gila mayfly, Lachlania dencyanna
... morphology, and a molting behavior that is unique among the Ephemeroptera (all mayflies) (Edmunds et al., 1976, McCafferty et al., 1997). Known solely from a small area of the Gila River drainage system in Grant County, New Mexico, this narrowly endemic and sensitive species is in imminent danger of ...
... morphology, and a molting behavior that is unique among the Ephemeroptera (all mayflies) (Edmunds et al., 1976, McCafferty et al., 1997). Known solely from a small area of the Gila River drainage system in Grant County, New Mexico, this narrowly endemic and sensitive species is in imminent danger of ...
Weighting and indirect effects identify keystone species in food webs
... © 2016 The Authors Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [The copyright lin ...
... © 2016 The Authors Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [The copyright lin ...
Food Webs, Models and Species Extinctions in a
... In paper II it is concluded that spectral analysis of population time series may function as a tool to predict extinctions at an early stage. More specifically, I show that extinction risk of producer species in food webs under influence of uncorrelated environmental stochasticity increases with int ...
... In paper II it is concluded that spectral analysis of population time series may function as a tool to predict extinctions at an early stage. More specifically, I show that extinction risk of producer species in food webs under influence of uncorrelated environmental stochasticity increases with int ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.