plant diversity of the cape region of southern africa1
... also unusually well represented. Other peculiarities of the Cape flora are the dominance of fineleaved sclerophyllous shrubs, the paucity of trees, and a remarkably large number of geophytes, here defined as seasonal herbaceous perennials with bulbs, corms, tubers, or prominent rhizomes (thus exclud ...
... also unusually well represented. Other peculiarities of the Cape flora are the dominance of fineleaved sclerophyllous shrubs, the paucity of trees, and a remarkably large number of geophytes, here defined as seasonal herbaceous perennials with bulbs, corms, tubers, or prominent rhizomes (thus exclud ...
752-4740-1-SP - Oecologia Australis
... are distributed the way they are.“The face of Nature may be compared to a yielding surface with ten thousand sharp “wedges packed close together and driven inwards with incessant blows, sometimes one wedge being struck, and then another with greater force.” (Darwin, 1859 p.631). This metaphor repres ...
... are distributed the way they are.“The face of Nature may be compared to a yielding surface with ten thousand sharp “wedges packed close together and driven inwards with incessant blows, sometimes one wedge being struck, and then another with greater force.” (Darwin, 1859 p.631). This metaphor repres ...
Ecological Risk Assessment
... 2 Fishing occurs in 24% of the 770,000 km2 NPF managed area for about 3 months each year => Population size likely to be affected before major changes in other sub-components => this species of catfish is likely to be most affected by fishing as it's been identified as the bycatch species most at ri ...
... 2 Fishing occurs in 24% of the 770,000 km2 NPF managed area for about 3 months each year => Population size likely to be affected before major changes in other sub-components => this species of catfish is likely to be most affected by fishing as it's been identified as the bycatch species most at ri ...
State of Britain`s Mammals 2008 - People`s Trust for Endangered
... conservation problems are affected by supra-national forces, and often need solutions at this larger scale too. It is timely, therefore, that 2008 saw a new global assessment of mammal conservation, led by the IUCN1, and it is not merely knee-jerk doom-mongering to be unsurprised that things have go ...
... conservation problems are affected by supra-national forces, and often need solutions at this larger scale too. It is timely, therefore, that 2008 saw a new global assessment of mammal conservation, led by the IUCN1, and it is not merely knee-jerk doom-mongering to be unsurprised that things have go ...
The logistic model-generated carrying capacities for wild herbivores
... take” levels and the optimal species mix. This systems analysis approach, based on the logistic model, has been applied here to solve the range manager dilemma. This is a novel ground breaking approach, which provides an alternative to showing how the key parameters can be determined in a ranching e ...
... take” levels and the optimal species mix. This systems analysis approach, based on the logistic model, has been applied here to solve the range manager dilemma. This is a novel ground breaking approach, which provides an alternative to showing how the key parameters can be determined in a ranching e ...
Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions
... abundance, which was fairly constant over time. Rather, a major predator (a jumping spider, Pellenes sp.) was rare that year, causing the advantage that membracids derived from ant attention to be either absent or so small as to be unmeasurable. Furthermore, the need for protection depended on a mem ...
... abundance, which was fairly constant over time. Rather, a major predator (a jumping spider, Pellenes sp.) was rare that year, causing the advantage that membracids derived from ant attention to be either absent or so small as to be unmeasurable. Furthermore, the need for protection depended on a mem ...
Lesson Overview - My Teacher Pages
... We think of these events as disasters, but many species are adapted to them. Although forest fires kill some trees, for example, other trees are spared, and fire can stimulate their seeds to germinate. Secondary succession can also follow human activities like logging and farming. ...
... We think of these events as disasters, but many species are adapted to them. Although forest fires kill some trees, for example, other trees are spared, and fire can stimulate their seeds to germinate. Secondary succession can also follow human activities like logging and farming. ...
Vegetation dynamics and community assembly in post
... dataset, the ecological relevance of this wonderful area became clear. The more I familiarized with the history of Nørholm, the more interesting ecological questions and patterns arose which ultimately led me to dedicate my PhD study solely to this site. Coming from Guatemala, most of my experience ...
... dataset, the ecological relevance of this wonderful area became clear. The more I familiarized with the history of Nørholm, the more interesting ecological questions and patterns arose which ultimately led me to dedicate my PhD study solely to this site. Coming from Guatemala, most of my experience ...
Eastern river pearl mussel
... Parasitism – a symbiotic relationship between two living things where one benefits and the other is harmed. Diet Eastern river pearl mussels feed on suspended organic particles they filter from the water including algae, bacteria and single-celled organisms. These mussels can filter up to 2 L of wat ...
... Parasitism – a symbiotic relationship between two living things where one benefits and the other is harmed. Diet Eastern river pearl mussels feed on suspended organic particles they filter from the water including algae, bacteria and single-celled organisms. These mussels can filter up to 2 L of wat ...
Life in the Colonies: Learning the Alien Ways of
... colonial animals. Their life histories range from ephemeral to perennial. Aspects of their lives such as growth, reproduction, partial mortality due to predation or fouling, and the behavior of both autozooids and polymorphs can be studied at the level of the colony, as well as that of the individua ...
... colonial animals. Their life histories range from ephemeral to perennial. Aspects of their lives such as growth, reproduction, partial mortality due to predation or fouling, and the behavior of both autozooids and polymorphs can be studied at the level of the colony, as well as that of the individua ...
Maternal provisioning of eggs of the starlet sea anemone
... snails, and that introduced populations have evolved lower palatable relative to native populations. We tested these hypotheses by comparing palatability of plants from 15 native Japanese populations and 25 introduced populations from North American and European coastlines to a common generalist ...
... snails, and that introduced populations have evolved lower palatable relative to native populations. We tested these hypotheses by comparing palatability of plants from 15 native Japanese populations and 25 introduced populations from North American and European coastlines to a common generalist ...
Ludwigia grandiflora
... the water quality throughout the year and reduces the germination and survival rates of other plant species (Dandelot et al. 2008). Whole lake systems in France have been taken over by Ludwigia, with a resulting loss of water for waterfowl (Danelot 2004). This species has also been associated with s ...
... the water quality throughout the year and reduces the germination and survival rates of other plant species (Dandelot et al. 2008). Whole lake systems in France have been taken over by Ludwigia, with a resulting loss of water for waterfowl (Danelot 2004). This species has also been associated with s ...
Conservation Systematics: The Bufo boreas Species Group
... family, genus, species, and variety) independent of the diversity within or among them. Ranks are an imprecise measure of diversity because they identify only a few categories in a world that can have a near infinite number of hierarchical levels. Even so, many conservation efforts are based on the ...
... family, genus, species, and variety) independent of the diversity within or among them. Ranks are an imprecise measure of diversity because they identify only a few categories in a world that can have a near infinite number of hierarchical levels. Even so, many conservation efforts are based on the ...
UK NON-NATIVE ORGANISM RISK ASSESSMENT SCHEME
... The status of the Eagle Owl within the UK has been the subject of some discussion, with suggestions that it is native to the area because of the presence of pre-medieval archaeological records (Dennis 2005), though with no supporting evidence presented. However, a recent review of the fossil and arc ...
... The status of the Eagle Owl within the UK has been the subject of some discussion, with suggestions that it is native to the area because of the presence of pre-medieval archaeological records (Dennis 2005), though with no supporting evidence presented. However, a recent review of the fossil and arc ...
Herbivory in arid and semi-arid regions of Argentina
... & Stiles 1980). The ants attack specific trees for generally very short periods of time with the distribution of the attacks being highly skewed toward few foraging episodes; plants flushing new leaves, or flowering being those at higher risk (Cherret 1972, Lewis 1975, Rockwood 1976). This may indic ...
... & Stiles 1980). The ants attack specific trees for generally very short periods of time with the distribution of the attacks being highly skewed toward few foraging episodes; plants flushing new leaves, or flowering being those at higher risk (Cherret 1972, Lewis 1975, Rockwood 1976). This may indic ...
Environmental heterogeneity, species diversity and
... a-scale, whereas ‘‘large scale’’ deals with inter-communities or b-scale processes. The border between small and large spatial scale varies among studies, because of different community structures, and remains ambiguous. Species distribute themselves along environmental gradients or habitat types ac ...
... a-scale, whereas ‘‘large scale’’ deals with inter-communities or b-scale processes. The border between small and large spatial scale varies among studies, because of different community structures, and remains ambiguous. Species distribute themselves along environmental gradients or habitat types ac ...
relative effects of species composition and richness on ecosystem
... AMY L. DOWNING1 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60615 USA ...
... AMY L. DOWNING1 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60615 USA ...
Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Dominated by Deep
... Figure 1.2.1 Cerianthus borealis from the Scotian slope (image courtesy of DFO). The Order Antipatharia includes the Black Corals. These are upright attached colonial corals with polyps arranged around an axial skeleton of black horny material which projects sharp spines. Black coral are listed in A ...
... Figure 1.2.1 Cerianthus borealis from the Scotian slope (image courtesy of DFO). The Order Antipatharia includes the Black Corals. These are upright attached colonial corals with polyps arranged around an axial skeleton of black horny material which projects sharp spines. Black coral are listed in A ...
Evaluating effects of large-scale salvage logging for
... shaped by large disturbances, both fire and insect, so it is possible that the current epidemic is not larger than all previous ones (Steventon 1997). To date, over 4.2 million ha have been impacted in the province, with the largest concentration in the central interior (BCMoF 2003). The present inf ...
... shaped by large disturbances, both fire and insect, so it is possible that the current epidemic is not larger than all previous ones (Steventon 1997). To date, over 4.2 million ha have been impacted in the province, with the largest concentration in the central interior (BCMoF 2003). The present inf ...
Biogeography and ecology: towards the integration of two disciplines
... conceptually useful term that can be applied to all ecological systems, but has informed theory primarily in closed systems (i.e. those that neither receive nor export organisms), as in the Lotka–Volterra equations for competition and predation. This community concept struggles with the more open sy ...
... conceptually useful term that can be applied to all ecological systems, but has informed theory primarily in closed systems (i.e. those that neither receive nor export organisms), as in the Lotka–Volterra equations for competition and predation. This community concept struggles with the more open sy ...
Competition - Mark A. Hixon
... Key words from the definition of competition that require further explanation include “inhibit,” “shared resources,” and “short supply.” What are “resources” and when are they “shared”? A resource is any consumable entity—be it food, shelter, etc.—and it is shared when targeted by more than one cons ...
... Key words from the definition of competition that require further explanation include “inhibit,” “shared resources,” and “short supply.” What are “resources” and when are they “shared”? A resource is any consumable entity—be it food, shelter, etc.—and it is shared when targeted by more than one cons ...
Settlement, growth and structure of three marine
... produced by earlier settled populations of their own species. This chemical response leads to gregarious settlement - that is, a mass occurrence of a species in a particular location. This type of behaviour has several possible advantages: adults are close together which will enhance reproductive ef ...
... produced by earlier settled populations of their own species. This chemical response leads to gregarious settlement - that is, a mass occurrence of a species in a particular location. This type of behaviour has several possible advantages: adults are close together which will enhance reproductive ef ...
Potential problems of removing one invasive species at a time
... Porter-Whitaker et al., 2012; Meza-Lopez & Siemann, 2015). Interactions between these co-occurring invaders are of superlative interest for wildlife management because managers can often only control or eradicate a single invasive species at a time (Glen et al., 2013). Without prior knowledge of inv ...
... Porter-Whitaker et al., 2012; Meza-Lopez & Siemann, 2015). Interactions between these co-occurring invaders are of superlative interest for wildlife management because managers can often only control or eradicate a single invasive species at a time (Glen et al., 2013). Without prior knowledge of inv ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.