Sparse Coding in the Neocortex
... contributing to the utility of center-surround receptive field organization, along with decorrelation and response gain. Furthermore, sparse codes of natural sounds have been shown to produce temporal response profiles with properties similar to those of early auditory neurons (Lewicki, 2002). This ...
... contributing to the utility of center-surround receptive field organization, along with decorrelation and response gain. Furthermore, sparse codes of natural sounds have been shown to produce temporal response profiles with properties similar to those of early auditory neurons (Lewicki, 2002). This ...
The evolution of nervous system centralization
... Our revised scenario, that the ancestral role of Bmp signalling was to promote sensory over motor neuron fates, rather than a general antineurogenic effect, fits well with the actual distribution of motor and sensory neurons in many invertebrates, where it appears to be the rule rather than the exce ...
... Our revised scenario, that the ancestral role of Bmp signalling was to promote sensory over motor neuron fates, rather than a general antineurogenic effect, fits well with the actual distribution of motor and sensory neurons in many invertebrates, where it appears to be the rule rather than the exce ...
The Features and Functions of Neuronal Assemblies: Possible
... (themselves originally developed for in vivo applications) and which can also be used in vivo (Grandy et al., 2012). Using mathematical analysis software, such as MatLab (Mathworks) or Mathematica (Wolfram), three-dimensional voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) data sets (fluorescence × space × tim ...
... (themselves originally developed for in vivo applications) and which can also be used in vivo (Grandy et al., 2012). Using mathematical analysis software, such as MatLab (Mathworks) or Mathematica (Wolfram), three-dimensional voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) data sets (fluorescence × space × tim ...
Clustered Organization of Neurons with Similar Extra
... panels). Regardless of whether the penetration was tangential, oblique, or normal to the cortical surface, two general characteristics of the neuronal distribution were observed. First, we found that adjacent neurons along the electrode track tended to have similar ERF properties, either inhibitory ...
... panels). Regardless of whether the penetration was tangential, oblique, or normal to the cortical surface, two general characteristics of the neuronal distribution were observed. First, we found that adjacent neurons along the electrode track tended to have similar ERF properties, either inhibitory ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... While early studies were generally unable to study the anatomical and structural characteristics of C-LTMRs due to technical constraints, careful electrophysiological characterization showed that these fibers are associated with one or a few hair follicles (Douglas and Ritchie 1957; Iggo 1960; Iggo ...
... While early studies were generally unable to study the anatomical and structural characteristics of C-LTMRs due to technical constraints, careful electrophysiological characterization showed that these fibers are associated with one or a few hair follicles (Douglas and Ritchie 1957; Iggo 1960; Iggo ...
Microinfusion of bupropion inhibits putative GABAergic ventral
... significant role in reward, addiction, psychiatric disorders, and some other functions (Olson and Nestler 2007). The putative VTA-GABAergic neurons has a regulatory effects on the VTA-DA neurons (Omelchenko and Sesack 2009). The psychostimulants and some other drugs can activate these neurons (Perro ...
... significant role in reward, addiction, psychiatric disorders, and some other functions (Olson and Nestler 2007). The putative VTA-GABAergic neurons has a regulatory effects on the VTA-DA neurons (Omelchenko and Sesack 2009). The psychostimulants and some other drugs can activate these neurons (Perro ...
Copy of the full paper
... signals by precisely computing the neurons’ asynchronous spikes. Neuron models can precisely describe the biophysics of spikes (action potentials) by computing the currents flowing through cell membrane and synaptic nodes. It is possible to reduce the size of these models to facilitate their computa ...
... signals by precisely computing the neurons’ asynchronous spikes. Neuron models can precisely describe the biophysics of spikes (action potentials) by computing the currents flowing through cell membrane and synaptic nodes. It is possible to reduce the size of these models to facilitate their computa ...
J. Neurophysiol. - Nonlinear Dynamics Group
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
... the firing activity of specific populations of neurons to animal behaviors, defining sites with neuronal activity in particular behavioral contexts as the functional areas corresponding to those behaviors. Although such observations are interesting in themselves, these studies do not necessarily exa ...
On the Role of the Pontine Brainstem in Vocal Pattern Generation: A
... call specificity, and pre-vocal onset time. Statistical analyses were performed for the syllable pre-onset times by a univariate variance analysis (general linear model) comparing general Figure 2. Frontal sections of the squirrel monkey’s brainstem at the midbrain-pons transition (stereotaxic coord ...
... call specificity, and pre-vocal onset time. Statistical analyses were performed for the syllable pre-onset times by a univariate variance analysis (general linear model) comparing general Figure 2. Frontal sections of the squirrel monkey’s brainstem at the midbrain-pons transition (stereotaxic coord ...
Neuronal Replacement and Reconstruction of Damaged Circuitries
... tion. Althoughmost studies employingthis technique have been performedin early neonatal recipients, Das &Hallas (1978), Hallas et al (1980), and Sunde &Zimmer(1983) have shownthat the techique can also be applied with good results in brains of adult recipients. In our ownstudies on grafts of thin sh ...
... tion. Althoughmost studies employingthis technique have been performedin early neonatal recipients, Das &Hallas (1978), Hallas et al (1980), and Sunde &Zimmer(1983) have shownthat the techique can also be applied with good results in brains of adult recipients. In our ownstudies on grafts of thin sh ...
LESSON 4.3 WORKBOOK What makes us go to sleep, and what
... When we are awake and alert, most of the neurons in our brain – especially those in our forebrain – are active, which enables us to pay attention to sensory information, to think about what we are perceiving, to retrieve and think about memories, and to engage in the variety of behaviors that we hav ...
... When we are awake and alert, most of the neurons in our brain – especially those in our forebrain – are active, which enables us to pay attention to sensory information, to think about what we are perceiving, to retrieve and think about memories, and to engage in the variety of behaviors that we hav ...
wood ant (formica lugubris zett.)
... was based on the assumption t h a t the average section is 0.15 t~ thick). W e shall refer to these gaps as "glial windows". Inside these glial windows one finds soma-somatic junctions. T w o features of these junctions deserve m e n t i o n i n g : 1) T h e contact surface of two nerve cell bodies ...
... was based on the assumption t h a t the average section is 0.15 t~ thick). W e shall refer to these gaps as "glial windows". Inside these glial windows one finds soma-somatic junctions. T w o features of these junctions deserve m e n t i o n i n g : 1) T h e contact surface of two nerve cell bodies ...
Action Potentials in Earthworms
... increases again, and more voltage-sensitive channels open. With more channels open, sodium conductance and membrane depolarization increase until the membrane potential reaches the equilibrium potential for sodium. But, before the equilibrium potential for sodium is reached, two other events occur: ...
... increases again, and more voltage-sensitive channels open. With more channels open, sodium conductance and membrane depolarization increase until the membrane potential reaches the equilibrium potential for sodium. But, before the equilibrium potential for sodium is reached, two other events occur: ...
Centrosome Motility Is Essential for Initial Axon Formation in the Neocortex
... Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and 3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 ...
... Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and 3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 ...
brain –computer interface - Nexus Academic Publishers
... between two consecutive answers and the EEG trial duration is the duration of EEG that the BCI needs to analyze in order to generate an answer. We assume that every EEG trial elicits a system answer. ...
... between two consecutive answers and the EEG trial duration is the duration of EEG that the BCI needs to analyze in order to generate an answer. We assume that every EEG trial elicits a system answer. ...
Way SW, McKenna J 3rd, Mietzsch U, Reith RM, Wu HC, Gambello MJ. Loss of Tsc2 in radial glia models the brain pathology of tuberous sclerosis complex in the mouse. Human Molecular Genetics. 2009 Apr 1; 18(7):1252-65.
... The hippocampus of mutant Tsc2 flox/ko;hGFAP-Cre mice also demonstrated defects in organization. There were lamination defects throughout the pyramidal layer, most severe in regions CA1 and CA3 (Fig. 3B), with many ectopic, enlarged neurons in the stratum oriens (SO) (Fig. 3F and G). These defects w ...
... The hippocampus of mutant Tsc2 flox/ko;hGFAP-Cre mice also demonstrated defects in organization. There were lamination defects throughout the pyramidal layer, most severe in regions CA1 and CA3 (Fig. 3B), with many ectopic, enlarged neurons in the stratum oriens (SO) (Fig. 3F and G). These defects w ...
HYPOTHALAMUS
... containing fibers to the posterior pituitary where these substances are released into the peripheral circulation. Vasopressin is the well known antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and is released in response to changes in the osmotic pressure of circulating blood or extracellular space. ADH controls the wate ...
... containing fibers to the posterior pituitary where these substances are released into the peripheral circulation. Vasopressin is the well known antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and is released in response to changes in the osmotic pressure of circulating blood or extracellular space. ADH controls the wate ...
All-Optical Interrogation of Neural Circuits
... This review describes the nexus of dramatic recent developments in optogenetic probes, genetically encoded activity sensors, and novel microscopies, which together allow the activity of neural circuits to be recorded and manipulated entirely using light. The optical and protein engineering strategie ...
... This review describes the nexus of dramatic recent developments in optogenetic probes, genetically encoded activity sensors, and novel microscopies, which together allow the activity of neural circuits to be recorded and manipulated entirely using light. The optical and protein engineering strategie ...
Irregular persistent activity induced by synaptic excitatory feedback
... a highly irregular fashion in all periods of the task. The average CV is close to one in the baseline period, and is higher than 1 in the delay period, both for preferred and non-preferred stimuli. Most models of working memory in recurrent neuronal circuits (reviewed in Brunel, 2004) generate persi ...
... a highly irregular fashion in all periods of the task. The average CV is close to one in the baseline period, and is higher than 1 in the delay period, both for preferred and non-preferred stimuli. Most models of working memory in recurrent neuronal circuits (reviewed in Brunel, 2004) generate persi ...
Temporal and Spatial Integration in the Rat SI Vibrissa Cortex
... tactile behavior (62, 68). The follicles of each of the vibrissal hairs are innervated by as many as 200 large myelinated axons whose parent cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglion (63; see also Ref. 28). Physiological studies have demonstrated that these first-order afferent fibers funct ...
... tactile behavior (62, 68). The follicles of each of the vibrissal hairs are innervated by as many as 200 large myelinated axons whose parent cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglion (63; see also Ref. 28). Physiological studies have demonstrated that these first-order afferent fibers funct ...
12-4 Membrane Potential
... The properties and distribution of the membrane channels involved determine the nature of the change o For example, in a resting membrane, the opening of sodium channels causes depolarization, whereas the opening of potassium channels causes hyperpolarization The change in membrane potential ref ...
... The properties and distribution of the membrane channels involved determine the nature of the change o For example, in a resting membrane, the opening of sodium channels causes depolarization, whereas the opening of potassium channels causes hyperpolarization The change in membrane potential ref ...
Muscarine Hyperpolarizes a Subpopulation of Neurons by Activating
... had a slopeof 1.05 that is not significantly different from unity. pK, was calculated for each concentration of PZP and the correspondingdose ratio (DR) according to the equation: pK,, = log(DR - l), - log[PZP],. The mean pK, calculated from each pK,, (n = 11) was 6.64 + 0.07 (95% confidence limits, ...
... had a slopeof 1.05 that is not significantly different from unity. pK, was calculated for each concentration of PZP and the correspondingdose ratio (DR) according to the equation: pK,, = log(DR - l), - log[PZP],. The mean pK, calculated from each pK,, (n = 11) was 6.64 + 0.07 (95% confidence limits, ...
The columnar organization of the neocortex
... columnar organization is more pronounced. Kornack and Rakic (1995) injected into the ventricles of foetal monkeys a mixture of two replication-incompetent, lac-Z labelled retroviruses. One of these preferentially labelled nuclei and the other cytoplasm in 50% of descendent cells. Two modes of neuron ...
... columnar organization is more pronounced. Kornack and Rakic (1995) injected into the ventricles of foetal monkeys a mixture of two replication-incompetent, lac-Z labelled retroviruses. One of these preferentially labelled nuclei and the other cytoplasm in 50% of descendent cells. Two modes of neuron ...
CLM UMR-S 839 INSERM/UPMC Institut du Fer a Moulin
... and Marie Curie (UPMC) devoted to the study of the development and plasticity of the nervous system. The IFM is constituted by 10 research group representing around 100 scientists. It gives an opportunity to young investigators to organize scientific events of a great scientific impact in the “Ile d ...
... and Marie Curie (UPMC) devoted to the study of the development and plasticity of the nervous system. The IFM is constituted by 10 research group representing around 100 scientists. It gives an opportunity to young investigators to organize scientific events of a great scientific impact in the “Ile d ...