The Anglo-Australian Planet Search – XXI. A Gas-Giant
... planets with periods of near one year are themselves of great intrinsic interest, because (as was realised by most researchers soon after the first gas-giant planets were discovered within 1 AU – see e.g. Williams et al. 1997) they are likely to host their own satellite systems, which could well be ...
... planets with periods of near one year are themselves of great intrinsic interest, because (as was realised by most researchers soon after the first gas-giant planets were discovered within 1 AU – see e.g. Williams et al. 1997) they are likely to host their own satellite systems, which could well be ...
Uranus By Sharon Fabian
... temperature, and even its colour. By comparing Neptune to planets that they already know more about, they can make even more hypotheses about the chemical composition of Neptune. The fact that Neptune's mass is small compared to the giant size of the planet tells us that Neptune is one of the gas pl ...
... temperature, and even its colour. By comparing Neptune to planets that they already know more about, they can make even more hypotheses about the chemical composition of Neptune. The fact that Neptune's mass is small compared to the giant size of the planet tells us that Neptune is one of the gas pl ...
an all-sky extrasolar planet survey with multiple object, dispersed
... extrasolar planets, the current approach is costly and time-consuming because of the large sizes and relatively low throughputs (a few percent) of the spectrographs, as well as the limitation of having a singleobject capability. A sample of approximately 3,000 stars (generally the closest and bright ...
... extrasolar planets, the current approach is costly and time-consuming because of the large sizes and relatively low throughputs (a few percent) of the spectrographs, as well as the limitation of having a singleobject capability. A sample of approximately 3,000 stars (generally the closest and bright ...
ES 104 Midterm Exam Study Guide 1
... Know that the 2 most abundant elements in the Sun are H and He. Know the source of the Sun’s energy – nuclear fusion reactions in the Sun’s core where H nuclei are combined to form He nuclei. The stars and interstellar matter Know what a light year is and that it is used in describing stellar distan ...
... Know that the 2 most abundant elements in the Sun are H and He. Know the source of the Sun’s energy – nuclear fusion reactions in the Sun’s core where H nuclei are combined to form He nuclei. The stars and interstellar matter Know what a light year is and that it is used in describing stellar distan ...
Primordial Planet Formation - University of California San Diego
... the big bang, freeing the gas to fragment into the planet‐mass structures that would have been cooling ever since. Contraction would have re‐heated their centers, whence monotonic cooling must have occurred, even as the background of remnant big Bang radiation would itself have been monotonicall ...
... the big bang, freeing the gas to fragment into the planet‐mass structures that would have been cooling ever since. Contraction would have re‐heated their centers, whence monotonic cooling must have occurred, even as the background of remnant big Bang radiation would itself have been monotonicall ...
American Scientist
... The hardest thing to observe with a telescope is a rock. Astronomers can see disks of gas and dust swirling around nascent stars, as well as fully formed exoplanets orbiting mature stars. But it is terribly difficult—if not impossible—to detect the presence of planetesimals, at least outside of our ...
... The hardest thing to observe with a telescope is a rock. Astronomers can see disks of gas and dust swirling around nascent stars, as well as fully formed exoplanets orbiting mature stars. But it is terribly difficult—if not impossible—to detect the presence of planetesimals, at least outside of our ...
The Search for Planet X Transcript
... images are rapidly viewed in turn. Any object that has moved in the time between the two exposures would appear to jump in position whilst the stars would remain fixed. This allows planetary bodies to be rapidly located. The initial search for planet X was unsuccessful so Tombaugh began his own sear ...
... images are rapidly viewed in turn. Any object that has moved in the time between the two exposures would appear to jump in position whilst the stars would remain fixed. This allows planetary bodies to be rapidly located. The initial search for planet X was unsuccessful so Tombaugh began his own sear ...
Meet the Planets - Arbordale Publishing
... Botticelli’s “Birth of Venus.” Compare and contrast the two. A set of 1,670 on-off pulses was transmitted into space sending a message to any intelligent life form that might be out there somewhere. This number is the result of multiplying two prime numbers, 23 and 73, and the message Halley’s Comet ...
... Botticelli’s “Birth of Venus.” Compare and contrast the two. A set of 1,670 on-off pulses was transmitted into space sending a message to any intelligent life form that might be out there somewhere. This number is the result of multiplying two prime numbers, 23 and 73, and the message Halley’s Comet ...
Planetary system formation in thermally evolving viscous
... Planetary orbital eccentricity can strongly influence Lindblad migration torques [25] and eccentricity/inclination damping rates of embedded planets [26]. In a recent study, Bitsch & Kley [18] showed that corotation torques decrease significantly with modest growth of eccentricity. We present here a b ...
... Planetary orbital eccentricity can strongly influence Lindblad migration torques [25] and eccentricity/inclination damping rates of embedded planets [26]. In a recent study, Bitsch & Kley [18] showed that corotation torques decrease significantly with modest growth of eccentricity. We present here a b ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... thermal speeds of atoms or molecules heavier than helium are less than one-eighth of the escape velocity, suggesting an atmosphere could be stable against thermal escape. This is not the case for the other rocky exoplanets for which precise densities are known, all of which are considerably hotter. ...
... thermal speeds of atoms or molecules heavier than helium are less than one-eighth of the escape velocity, suggesting an atmosphere could be stable against thermal escape. This is not the case for the other rocky exoplanets for which precise densities are known, all of which are considerably hotter. ...
DIPLOMA THESIS Spectroscopic study of the star 70 Virginis and its
... or stellar remnantswebpages are ‘planets’ (no matter how they formed). The minimum mass/size required for an extrasolar object to be considered a planet should be the same as that used in our Solar System. (2) Substellar objects with true masses above the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of de ...
... or stellar remnantswebpages are ‘planets’ (no matter how they formed). The minimum mass/size required for an extrasolar object to be considered a planet should be the same as that used in our Solar System. (2) Substellar objects with true masses above the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of de ...
The Mt John University Observatory search for Earth
... Porto de Mello et al. (2008). Both stars are almost twice as metal-rich as the Sun (England 1980; Furenlid & Meylan 1990 and Porto de Mello et al. 2008). The age of the system has been estimated to be between 5.6 and 6.5 Gyr (e.g., Eggenberger et al. 2004). The masses of the two stars have been dete ...
... Porto de Mello et al. (2008). Both stars are almost twice as metal-rich as the Sun (England 1980; Furenlid & Meylan 1990 and Porto de Mello et al. 2008). The age of the system has been estimated to be between 5.6 and 6.5 Gyr (e.g., Eggenberger et al. 2004). The masses of the two stars have been dete ...
Kepler Mission Workshop Presentation
... • Kepler Mission is optimized for finding habitable planets ( 0.5 to 10 MÅ ) in the HZ ( near 1 AU ) of solar-like stars • Continuously and simultaneously monitor 100,000 main-sequence stars • Use a one-meter Schmidt telescope: FOV >100 deg2 with an array of 42 CCD • Photometric precision: Noise < 2 ...
... • Kepler Mission is optimized for finding habitable planets ( 0.5 to 10 MÅ ) in the HZ ( near 1 AU ) of solar-like stars • Continuously and simultaneously monitor 100,000 main-sequence stars • Use a one-meter Schmidt telescope: FOV >100 deg2 with an array of 42 CCD • Photometric precision: Noise < 2 ...
What is a planet? - X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group
... billion years) in the Universe are slim – With less heavy elements available terrestrial planets may be smaller and lower in mass than in our solar system – Is there a threshold metallicity for life to start (e.g. ½ solar)? ...
... billion years) in the Universe are slim – With less heavy elements available terrestrial planets may be smaller and lower in mass than in our solar system – Is there a threshold metallicity for life to start (e.g. ½ solar)? ...
Terrestrial Planets
... the light emanating from a star passes very close to another star on its way to an observer on Earth, the gravity of the intermediary star will slightly bend the light rays from the source star, causing the two stars to appear farther apart than they normally would. This effect was used by Sir Arthu ...
... the light emanating from a star passes very close to another star on its way to an observer on Earth, the gravity of the intermediary star will slightly bend the light rays from the source star, causing the two stars to appear farther apart than they normally would. This effect was used by Sir Arthu ...
latest Edition - ExoPlanet News
... Kepler-78b is one of a growing sample of planets similar, in composition and size, to the Earth. It was first detected with NASA’s Kepler spacecraft and then characterised in more detail using radial velocity follow-up observations. Not only is its size very similar to that of the Earth (1.2R⊕ ), it ...
... Kepler-78b is one of a growing sample of planets similar, in composition and size, to the Earth. It was first detected with NASA’s Kepler spacecraft and then characterised in more detail using radial velocity follow-up observations. Not only is its size very similar to that of the Earth (1.2R⊕ ), it ...
Relative Speed of the Planets: UAC 2008
... Speed cannot be understood without an understanding of planetary cycles. ...
... Speed cannot be understood without an understanding of planetary cycles. ...
Proposal submitted to ISSI
... will be surveyed to detect giant to Earth-size exoplanets in transit. Follow-up observations from ground-based telescopes are needed to constrain the planetary mass. For the first time, CoRoT will detect transiting sub-giant planets, i.e. super-Earths and Neptune-like planets. Knowing the planetary ...
... will be surveyed to detect giant to Earth-size exoplanets in transit. Follow-up observations from ground-based telescopes are needed to constrain the planetary mass. For the first time, CoRoT will detect transiting sub-giant planets, i.e. super-Earths and Neptune-like planets. Knowing the planetary ...
Improving the Gaia planet catch by combining the astrometry with
... number of measurements, due to its specific scanning law (described in [6]). The number of observations of a given star depends mostly on the ecliptic latitude (number of measurements varying from 70 to more than 200). We did not consider the dependence on ecliptic longitude as it is dependent on th ...
... number of measurements, due to its specific scanning law (described in [6]). The number of observations of a given star depends mostly on the ecliptic latitude (number of measurements varying from 70 to more than 200). We did not consider the dependence on ecliptic longitude as it is dependent on th ...
J: Chapter 3: The Solar System
... however, stopped working in less than an hour because of the high temperature and pressure. Additional Venera probes photographed and mapped the surface of Venus using cameras and radar. Between 1990 and 1994, the U.S. Magellan probe used its radar to make the most detailed maps yet of Venus’s surfa ...
... however, stopped working in less than an hour because of the high temperature and pressure. Additional Venera probes photographed and mapped the surface of Venus using cameras and radar. Between 1990 and 1994, the U.S. Magellan probe used its radar to make the most detailed maps yet of Venus’s surfa ...
Giant Planets at Small Orbital Distances
... of the model radii and distinctive spectral signatures provide clear diagnostics that might reveal 51 Peg B's nature, should interferometric or adaptive-optics techniques ever succeed in photometrically separating planet from star. ...
... of the model radii and distinctive spectral signatures provide clear diagnostics that might reveal 51 Peg B's nature, should interferometric or adaptive-optics techniques ever succeed in photometrically separating planet from star. ...
Howard 2013 Observed properties of exoplanets
... observer. (B) Planets are detectable during transit by the decrease in Orbital period ratios in multi-transiting planets, whereas the mass distribution is stellar brightness (solid white line). Transit depth is proportional to the uncertain at the 50% level near 1 Earth blocked fraction of the stell ...
... observer. (B) Planets are detectable during transit by the decrease in Orbital period ratios in multi-transiting planets, whereas the mass distribution is stellar brightness (solid white line). Transit depth is proportional to the uncertain at the 50% level near 1 Earth blocked fraction of the stell ...
Finding habitable earths around white dwarfs with a robotic
... roughly correspond to the fluxes received by Venus at the inner edge and Mars at the outer edge. The flux ratio Sef f at the boundaries is solely a function of effective temperature which I interpolated p quadratically given the three values reported in.10 The boundaries of the habitable zone are th ...
... roughly correspond to the fluxes received by Venus at the inner edge and Mars at the outer edge. The flux ratio Sef f at the boundaries is solely a function of effective temperature which I interpolated p quadratically given the three values reported in.10 The boundaries of the habitable zone are th ...
Million years - The Origin Of Life
... The tidal locking rate is how fast the planet’s day length changes per century. It is the planet’s year length [seconds] divided by the total locking time [years]. Scientist Michael Koohafkan says that we can use these formulas to arrive at the maximum age of the planets and satellites: “Rate of cha ...
... The tidal locking rate is how fast the planet’s day length changes per century. It is the planet’s year length [seconds] divided by the total locking time [years]. Scientist Michael Koohafkan says that we can use these formulas to arrive at the maximum age of the planets and satellites: “Rate of cha ...
Lecture 7: Extrasolar Planets 01/08/2013 update: 725 exoplanets
... where MJ is the mass of Jupiter, should have almost the same radii (i.e. a flat mass-radius relation). -> Giant extrasolar planets transiting solar-type stars produce transits with a depth of around 1%. Close-in planets are strongly irradiated, so their radii can be (detectably) larger. But this hea ...
... where MJ is the mass of Jupiter, should have almost the same radii (i.e. a flat mass-radius relation). -> Giant extrasolar planets transiting solar-type stars produce transits with a depth of around 1%. Close-in planets are strongly irradiated, so their radii can be (detectably) larger. But this hea ...
Planet
A planet (from Ancient Greek ἀστήρ πλανήτης (astēr planētēs), or πλάνης ἀστήρ (plánēs astēr), meaning ""wandering star"") is an astronomical object orbiting a star, brown dwarf, or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.The term planet is ancient, with ties to history, science, mythology, and religion. Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye. These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain ""planets"" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno, Vesta (each an object in the solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first trans-Neptunian object discovered), that were once considered planets by the scientific community are no longer viewed as such.The planets were thought by Ptolemy to orbit Earth in deferent and epicycle motions. Although the idea that the planets orbited the Sun had been suggested many times, it was not until the 17th century that this view was supported by evidence from the first telescopic astronomical observations, performed by Galileo Galilei. By careful analysis of the observation data, Johannes Kepler found the planets' orbits were not circular but elliptical. As observational tools improved, astronomers saw that, like Earth, the planets rotated around tilted axes, and some shared such features as ice caps and seasons. Since the dawn of the Space Age, close observation by space probes has found that Earth and the other planets share characteristics such as volcanism, hurricanes, tectonics, and even hydrology.Planets are generally divided into two main types: large low-density giant planets, and smaller rocky terrestrials. Under IAU definitions, there are eight planets in the Solar System. In order of increasing distance from the Sun, they are the four terrestrials, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, then the four giant planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Six of the planets are orbited by one or more natural satellites.More than a thousand planets around other stars (""extrasolar planets"" or ""exoplanets"") have been discovered in the Milky Way: as of 1 October 2015, 1968 known extrasolar planets in 1248 planetary systems (including 490 multiple planetary systems), ranging in size from just above the size of the Moon to gas giants about twice as large as Jupiter. On December 20, 2011, the Kepler Space Telescope team reported the discovery of the first Earth-sized extrasolar planets, Kepler-20e and Kepler-20f, orbiting a Sun-like star, Kepler-20. A 2012 study, analyzing gravitational microlensing data, estimates an average of at least 1.6 bound planets for every star in the Milky Way.Around one in five Sun-like stars is thought to have an Earth-sized planet in its habitable zone.