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... Possible solutions to the Fermi paradox 2. Low probability of intelligent life • Life seems to appear quite easily in favorable conditions • But maybe it needs very special conditions for intelligence to emerge (= to become an asset in natural selection) • On Earth, it took more than 2 billion years ...
Physics 306
Physics 306

... o HI clouds – clouds of neutral gas, 50-150 pc in diameter, few solar masses, 100K temp (low), 10- few hundred atom/cubic cm (high density) not ionized! *make up about 25% of interstellar mass o Intercloud medium – few thousand K, .1 atom/cubic cm (low density), IONIZED hydrogen (HII), in approx. e ...
Starbirth and Interstellar Matter
Starbirth and Interstellar Matter

... D. have a high internal pressure compared to its gravity. 7. In the sequential model for massive star formation from giant molecular clouds, the formation of NEW groups of stars, after the first groups form is driven by: A. a shock wave from a supernova explosion. B. collision with another giant mol ...
The Origin of Our Solar System
The Origin of Our Solar System

... Solar Nebula Hypothesis • The nebula began to contract about 4.5 billion years ago, under its own gravity • Protosun: as it contracted, the greatest concentration occurred at the center of the nebula, forming a relatively dense region called the protosun • The protosun’ temperature continued to cli ...
Astronomical Ideas Fall 2012 HW 2 solutions 1. a. Compare the
Astronomical Ideas Fall 2012 HW 2 solutions 1. a. Compare the

... The radius of the Earth is ~6400 km, as given in Problem 1a. The radius of the Sun is ~700,000 km. The ratio is thus ~ 0.00008, which means that ~0.008% of the Sunʼs light is blocked out by an Earth. 2. b. Consider an M-dwarf star with a radius one-half of the Sunʼs radius, a surface temperature tha ...
Life in the Universe
Life in the Universe

... NHP = total number of habitable planets in galaxy flife = fraction of habitable planets with life fciv = fraction of life-bearing planets with civilization at some time fnow = fraction of civilizations around now ...
Life in Space & Drake`s Equation
Life in Space & Drake`s Equation

... NHP = total number of habitable planets in galaxy flife = fraction of habitable planets with life fciv = fraction of life-bearing planets with civilization at some time fnow = fraction of civilizations around now ...
Earth`s Origin & Early Evolution
Earth`s Origin & Early Evolution

... More violent and rapid impact accretion. The final stage of accretion has been described as 'runaway accretion'. Planetesimals are swept up into well defined zones around the sun which approximate to the present orbits of the terrestrial planets. The process leads eventually to a small number of lar ...
Test 2 Overview
Test 2 Overview

... Solar system formed out of a "whirlpool" in a "universal fluid". Planets formed out of eddies in the fluid. Sun formed at center. Planets in cooler regions. Cloud called "Solar Nebula". This is pre-Newton and modern science. But basic idea correct, and the theory evolved as science advanced, as we'l ...
Test 2 review session
Test 2 review session

... Radii range from 1570 km (Europa, slightly smaller than our Moon), to 2630 km (Ganymede - largest moon in Solar System). Orbital periods range from 1.77 days (Io) to 16.7 days (Callisto). The closer to Jupiter, the higher the moon density: from 3.5 g/cm3 (Io) to 1.8 g/cm3 (Callisto). Higher density ...
Intro To The Solar System
Intro To The Solar System

... Solar Nebula Theory Continued • About 4.5 billion years ago it is believed that the Solar System consisted of a large cloud of gas and dust, called a nebula. • This cloud started rotating, and the dust particles combined to form planetesimals. As the cloud rotated faster, it flattened, and the plan ...
Planets and Stars Differences and Similarities
Planets and Stars Differences and Similarities

... made of gasses, actually that is what makes a star grow its gas. Also if you were to look up into the night sky you can see little balls of light these could be 2 things they could actually be planets or stars. So you can see both in the night sky. You probably knew that earth along with other plane ...
Solar System
Solar System

... The heliocentric model which says the planets orbit the Sun fits our observations, however we did not always believe this ...
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etlife_douglas_ewart_short

... One of Jupiter’s moons, Europa, is another candidate The icy crust of the moon is covered in ‘cracks’ due to the tides, and beneath the crust we think friction has melted the ice, resulting in a ...
The Origin of the Solar System
The Origin of the Solar System

... A. The Chemical Composition of the Solar Nebula B. The Condensation of Solids C. The Formation of Planetesimals D. The Growth of Protoplanets E. The Jovian Problem F. Explaining the Characteristics of the Solar System G. Clearing the Nebula ...
Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors
Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors

... Asteroids • Not all asteroids are located in the asteroids belt and can pass near Earth • Jupiter’s gravity kept the asteroids from forming a planet • Some asteroids orbit just before and after Jupiter • Largest asteroid, Ceres, is 580 mi across but most are less than a few miles across ...
Planet - Tasker Milward Physics Website
Planet - Tasker Milward Physics Website

... nuclear fusion and emit vast amounts of heat and light. ...
Lesson 3 The Solar System - Delaware Valley School District
Lesson 3 The Solar System - Delaware Valley School District

... Identify planets by observing their movement against background stars. Explain that the solar system consists of many bodies held together by gravity. ...
Lesson 3 The Solar System
Lesson 3 The Solar System

... Identify planets by observing their movement against background stars. Explain that the solar system consists of many bodies held together by gravity. ...
lec03_30sep2011
lec03_30sep2011

... 55 Cnc b: .84 Mj 14.6 d c: 0.21 Mj 44.3 d d: 4 Mj 5360 d ...
The Origin of the Solar System
The Origin of the Solar System

... The Age of the Solar System Sun and planets should have about the same age. ...
How many planets are there in the galaxy?
How many planets are there in the galaxy?

... On a clear night, and when light pollution isn't a serious factor, looking up at the sky is a breathtaking experience. On occasions like these, it is easy to be blown away by the sheer number of stars out there. But of course, what we can see on any given night is merely a fraction of the number of ...
Our Earth and Other Planets Lessons
Our Earth and Other Planets Lessons

... Our Solar System (revised edition) By Seymour Simon. (2007, Collins) With gorgeous full-color photographs and clear text, this book describes the planets, dwarf planets, dozens of moons, and thousands of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets that travel around our sun. The Planet Hunter: The Story Behin ...
Planetary system dynamics Planetary system dynamics
Planetary system dynamics Planetary system dynamics

... Sun; sunlight scattered by this cloud is visible as the zodiacal light, and its thermal emission is the brighest thing in the IR sky; some dust is accreted by Earth ...
lecture9 Solar System1
lecture9 Solar System1

... Perhaps a planet was going to form there. But Jupiter's strong gravity disrupted the planetesimals' orbits, ejecting them out of Solar System. The Belt is the few left behind. ...
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Directed panspermia

Directed panspermia concerns the deliberate transport of microorganisms in space to be used as introduced species on lifeless planets. Directed panspermia may have been sent to Earth to start life here, or may be sent from Earth to seed exoplanets with life.Historically, Shklovskii and Sagan (1966) and Crick and Orgel (1973) hypothesized that life on Earth may have been seeded deliberately by other civilizations. Conversely, Mautner and Matloff (1979) and Mautner (1995, 1997) proposed that we ourselves should seed new planetary systems, protoplanetary discs or star-forming clouds with microorganisms, to secure and expand our organic gene/protein life-form. To avoid interference with local life, the targets may be young planetary systems where local life is unlikely. Directed panspermia can be motivated by biotic ethics that value the basic patterns of organic gene/protein life with its unique complexity and unity, and its drive for self-propagation.Belonging to life then implies panbiotic ethics with a purpose to propagate and expand life in space. Directed panspermia for this purpose is becoming possible due to developments in solar sails, precise astrometry, the discovery of extrasolar planets, extremophiles and microbial genetic engineering. Cosmological projections suggests that life in space can then have an immense future.
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