Slide 1
... and proximal apical/basal dendrites (green) receive separate synaptic inputs in a variety of types of pyramidal cells. (B) Summation of inputs onto a single dendritic branch (but not between branches) leads to a dendritic spike that remains below threshold for an action potential at the soma. It has ...
... and proximal apical/basal dendrites (green) receive separate synaptic inputs in a variety of types of pyramidal cells. (B) Summation of inputs onto a single dendritic branch (but not between branches) leads to a dendritic spike that remains below threshold for an action potential at the soma. It has ...
vocabulary - anatomy and physiology one
... Explain how synaptic transmission ensures one direction transmission of action potentials. Distinguish between a generator and receptor potential. Explain the importance of the myelin sheath on the speed of conduction. Discuss the importance of nerve fiber diameter on the speed of conduction. Descri ...
... Explain how synaptic transmission ensures one direction transmission of action potentials. Distinguish between a generator and receptor potential. Explain the importance of the myelin sheath on the speed of conduction. Discuss the importance of nerve fiber diameter on the speed of conduction. Descri ...
14. Assessment of the nervous system
... different physiological processes. That means that nervous system unites, integrates and subordinates all the parts of human body and provides its connection with environment ...
... different physiological processes. That means that nervous system unites, integrates and subordinates all the parts of human body and provides its connection with environment ...
adult rat spinal cord culture on an organosilane surface in
... In this study, we have documented by morphological analysis, immunocytochemistry, and electrophysiology, the development of a culture system that promotes the growth and long-term survival of dissociated adult rat spinal cord neurons. This system comprises a patternable, nonbiological, cell growth–p ...
... In this study, we have documented by morphological analysis, immunocytochemistry, and electrophysiology, the development of a culture system that promotes the growth and long-term survival of dissociated adult rat spinal cord neurons. This system comprises a patternable, nonbiological, cell growth–p ...
Target neuron prespecification in the olfactory map of Drosophila
... the brain. Here we use the MARCM method5 to perform a systematic clonal analysis of projection neurons, allowing us to correlate lineage and birth time of projection neurons with their glomerular choice. We demonstrate that projection neurons are prespeci®ed by lineage and birth order to form a syna ...
... the brain. Here we use the MARCM method5 to perform a systematic clonal analysis of projection neurons, allowing us to correlate lineage and birth time of projection neurons with their glomerular choice. We demonstrate that projection neurons are prespeci®ed by lineage and birth order to form a syna ...
Anatomy Lecture 3 Descending Motor Tracts In the last lecture the
... - A person developed a stroke at the internal capsule, the 1st day the patient is paralyzed, then after a couple of days the patient started to walking and moving his arms but with NO fine movement in the hand. EXPLANATION: Since the stroke occurred at the internal capsule on a certain side, say lef ...
... - A person developed a stroke at the internal capsule, the 1st day the patient is paralyzed, then after a couple of days the patient started to walking and moving his arms but with NO fine movement in the hand. EXPLANATION: Since the stroke occurred at the internal capsule on a certain side, say lef ...
Lectin and Peptide Expression in Nodose
... unmyelinated somatosensory afferents are specifically labeled by lectins (12). In the present study, it was found that GSA I-B4-positive neurons were smaller than unlabeled neurons in NG. Hence, it may be suggested that lectin labeled neurons are sensory and could be reasonable candidates for nocice ...
... unmyelinated somatosensory afferents are specifically labeled by lectins (12). In the present study, it was found that GSA I-B4-positive neurons were smaller than unlabeled neurons in NG. Hence, it may be suggested that lectin labeled neurons are sensory and could be reasonable candidates for nocice ...
SC&SN-07
... Tract = bundle of nerve fibers in the CNS (mixed) Ganglion = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in PNS Nucleus = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS ...
... Tract = bundle of nerve fibers in the CNS (mixed) Ganglion = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in PNS Nucleus = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS ...
Inhalant Prevention Education
... The axon of many cells is covered in a fatty substance known as myelin. Myelin has several functions. One of its most important functions is to increase the rate at which nerve impulses travel along the axon. The rate of conduction of a nerve impulse along a heavily myelinated axon can be as fast as ...
... The axon of many cells is covered in a fatty substance known as myelin. Myelin has several functions. One of its most important functions is to increase the rate at which nerve impulses travel along the axon. The rate of conduction of a nerve impulse along a heavily myelinated axon can be as fast as ...
What is Motor Neuron
... history of ALS in the family, it is unlikely that this is the familial form of ALS. Thus, for most patients (95%), ALS just occurs. However, newer research indicates that there can be spontaneous mutations (abnormal genes) linked to ALS occurring just in the patient. Genes that have been identified ...
... history of ALS in the family, it is unlikely that this is the familial form of ALS. Thus, for most patients (95%), ALS just occurs. However, newer research indicates that there can be spontaneous mutations (abnormal genes) linked to ALS occurring just in the patient. Genes that have been identified ...
Memory from the dynamics of intrinsic membrane currents
... Another very interesting bistability is seen in theoretical and experimental work on the R15 neuron of Aplysia (16–19). R15 is a prototypic bursting neuron, an extensive biophysical literature on its membrane currents and their modulation has been gathered (19), and a detailed model of this neuron a ...
... Another very interesting bistability is seen in theoretical and experimental work on the R15 neuron of Aplysia (16–19). R15 is a prototypic bursting neuron, an extensive biophysical literature on its membrane currents and their modulation has been gathered (19), and a detailed model of this neuron a ...
Spiking Neurons with Boltzmann-like Properties to
... with neural systems, learning is merely the change of connection strengths, which are biologically synaptic strengths; with Hebbian learning, the strengths are changed based solely on the properties of the pre and and post-synaptic neurons. This is typically the firing behaviour of these neurons, an ...
... with neural systems, learning is merely the change of connection strengths, which are biologically synaptic strengths; with Hebbian learning, the strengths are changed based solely on the properties of the pre and and post-synaptic neurons. This is typically the firing behaviour of these neurons, an ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... Connective tissue: Meninges in central nervous system Endoneurium Perineurium in peripheral nervous system Epineurium Epithelium found only in blood vessels of PNS Muscle (smooth) ...
... Connective tissue: Meninges in central nervous system Endoneurium Perineurium in peripheral nervous system Epineurium Epithelium found only in blood vessels of PNS Muscle (smooth) ...
Sonic Hedgehog Expression in Corticofugal Projection Neurons
... of neurons or glia in these regions during this window of neural development. To assess the involvement of Shh in the regulation of neuronal growth and synaptogenesis, we performed Golgi analysis on P21–P28 brains of ShhcKO mice and wild-type control littermates (Figures 3A–3D). We observed signific ...
... of neurons or glia in these regions during this window of neural development. To assess the involvement of Shh in the regulation of neuronal growth and synaptogenesis, we performed Golgi analysis on P21–P28 brains of ShhcKO mice and wild-type control littermates (Figures 3A–3D). We observed signific ...
Lecture-20-2013-Bi
... Proust, Remembrance of Things Past “as soon as I had recognized the taste of the piece of madeleine soaked in her decoction of lime-blossom which my aunt used to give me (although I did not yet know and must long postpone the discovery of why this memory made me so happy) immediately the old grey h ...
... Proust, Remembrance of Things Past “as soon as I had recognized the taste of the piece of madeleine soaked in her decoction of lime-blossom which my aunt used to give me (although I did not yet know and must long postpone the discovery of why this memory made me so happy) immediately the old grey h ...
Lesson plans
... The nervous tissue displays electrical activity. This electrical activity is in the form of a nerve impulse, which is a flow of electrical charges along the cell membrane. This flow is due to movement of ions across the membrane. A nerve cell has an electrical potential or voltage across its cell me ...
... The nervous tissue displays electrical activity. This electrical activity is in the form of a nerve impulse, which is a flow of electrical charges along the cell membrane. This flow is due to movement of ions across the membrane. A nerve cell has an electrical potential or voltage across its cell me ...
Neuroscience Newsletter, May 2015 - MSc/PhD/MD
... during its formation. Some of these shortcomings were reconciled in the “yo-yo” model (Knobler et al., 1974, Pedraza et al., 2009). In the latter case, myelin growth begins with a single glial process that, after making axonal contact, spirally encircles the future internode, followed by the lateral ...
... during its formation. Some of these shortcomings were reconciled in the “yo-yo” model (Knobler et al., 1974, Pedraza et al., 2009). In the latter case, myelin growth begins with a single glial process that, after making axonal contact, spirally encircles the future internode, followed by the lateral ...
…and now, for something completely different.
... Graded potentials (operate over short distance) ...
... Graded potentials (operate over short distance) ...
The auditory pathway: Levels of integration of information and
... The efferent innervation of the cochlea by cells located at the SOC was first described by Grant-Rasmussen in 194614. This pathway is considered to be a feedback control for auditory receptors. Scientists have been able to provide evidence that electrical stimulation of the AC induces a neural respo ...
... The efferent innervation of the cochlea by cells located at the SOC was first described by Grant-Rasmussen in 194614. This pathway is considered to be a feedback control for auditory receptors. Scientists have been able to provide evidence that electrical stimulation of the AC induces a neural respo ...
Morphology and Physiology of the Cerebellar Vestibulolateral Lobe
... reflex (VOR) plasticity indirectly demonstrated VL to be in fact the cerebellar area related to eye and head movement signal processing (Michnovicz and Bennett 1987; Pastor et al. 1994a; Weiser et al. 1988). The role of VL was directly corroborated by recording both ipsilateral (EI) and contralatera ...
... reflex (VOR) plasticity indirectly demonstrated VL to be in fact the cerebellar area related to eye and head movement signal processing (Michnovicz and Bennett 1987; Pastor et al. 1994a; Weiser et al. 1988). The role of VL was directly corroborated by recording both ipsilateral (EI) and contralatera ...
Somatosensory system
... brain is called a homunculus and is essential in the creation of a body image. This brain-surface ("cortical") map is not immutable, however. Dramatic shifts can occur in response to stroke or injury. ...
... brain is called a homunculus and is essential in the creation of a body image. This brain-surface ("cortical") map is not immutable, however. Dramatic shifts can occur in response to stroke or injury. ...
Cranial nerves III, IV,VI and Visual Pathway
... Cranial nerves II,III, IV,VI and Visual Pathway ...
... Cranial nerves II,III, IV,VI and Visual Pathway ...
Artificial Intelligence
... • The neuron receives inputs from other neurons along its dendrites, and when this input signal exceeds a certain threshold, the neuron “fires”—in fact, a chemical reaction occurs, which causes an electrical pulse, known as an action potential, to be sent down the axon (the output of the neuron), to ...
... • The neuron receives inputs from other neurons along its dendrites, and when this input signal exceeds a certain threshold, the neuron “fires”—in fact, a chemical reaction occurs, which causes an electrical pulse, known as an action potential, to be sent down the axon (the output of the neuron), to ...
PowerPoint to accompany Hole`s Human Anatomy and Physiology
... •What is an Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP) and what happens to the postsynaptic neuron? •What is an Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP) and what happens to the postsynaptic neuron? ...
... •What is an Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP) and what happens to the postsynaptic neuron? •What is an Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP) and what happens to the postsynaptic neuron? ...
Axon
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An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis), also known as a nerve fibre, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. The function of the axon is to transmit information to different neurons, muscles and glands. In certain sensory neurons (pseudounipolar neurons), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon. Axon dysfunction causes many inherited and acquired neurological disorders which can affect both the peripheral and central neurons.An axon is one of two types of protoplasmic protrusions that extrude from the cell body of a neuron, the other type being dendrites. Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape (dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius), length (dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer), and function (dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them). All of these rules have exceptions, however.Some types of neurons have no axon and transmit signals from their dendrites. No neuron ever has more than one axon; however in invertebrates such as insects or leeches the axon sometimes consists of several regions that function more or less independently of each other. Most axons branch, in some cases very profusely.Axons make contact with other cells—usually other neurons but sometimes muscle or gland cells—at junctions called synapses. At a synapse, the membrane of the axon closely adjoins the membrane of the target cell, and special molecular structures serve to transmit electrical or electrochemical signals across the gap. Some synaptic junctions appear partway along an axon as it extends—these are called en passant (""in passing"") synapses. Other synapses appear as terminals at the ends of axonal branches. A single axon, with all its branches taken together, can innervate multiple parts of the brain and generate thousands of synaptic terminals.